Matrices with memories and uses thereof

• US 6,017,496 A
• Filed: 09/06/1996
• Issued: 01/25/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Irori Technologies Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Irori
• Inventors: Nova, Michael P., Zhao, Chanfeng, David, Gary S., Parandoosh, Zahra, Senyei, Andrew E., Xiao, Xiao-Yi, Potash, Hanan, Satoda, Yozo
• Primary Examiner(s): ZITOMER, STEPHANIE W
• Application Number:
  US08/709,435
• Time in Patent Office: 1,236 Days
• Field of Search: 435/6, 435/5, 435/91.1, 435/7.1-7.9, 536/23.1, 536/24.3-24.33, 436/186-188, 422/68, 422/50, 422/58, 422/99, 422/102, 422/104, 422/107, 422/108, 935/77, 935/78, 364/496, 364/497, 364/498, 364/499
• US Class Current: 506/28
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0046 Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays synthesis methods per se C40B50/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00283 Reactor vessels with top opening
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00295 the reactor vessels having pervious side walls
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00299 Generally cylindrical reactor vessels
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00308 interchangeably mounted in racks or blocks
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00333 Closures attached to the reactor vessels
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00344 Caps
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00461 Beads and reaction vessel together
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00463 Directed sorting
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/005 Beads
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00502 Particles of irregular geometry
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0054 Means for coding or tagging the apparatus or the reagents
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00542 Alphanumeric characters
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00547 Bar codes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00549 2-dimensional
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00551 3-dimensional
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00554 Physical means
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0056 Raised or sunken areas
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00563 Magnetic means
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00567 Transponder chips
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00569 : EEPROM memory devices
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00585 : Parallel processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0059 : Sequential processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00592 : Split-and-pool, mix-and-divide processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00596 : Solid-phase processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00689 : using computers
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00695 : Synthesis control routines, e.g. using computer programs
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0072 : Organic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00722 : Nucleotides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00725 : Peptides
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/022 : Transponder chips
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0609 : Holders integrated in container to position an object
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/50825 : Closing or opening means, corks, bungs closures for containers B65D; means for removing stoppers B67B7/02
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5453 : for test tubes
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 10/00 : Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
• CPC Class Codes: C07H 21/00 : Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 1/00 : General methods for the preparation of peptides , i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 1/04 : on carriers C07K1/003, C07K1/006 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 1/047 : Simultaneous synthesis of different peptide species; Peptide libraries
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 40/06 : Libraries containing nucleotides or polynucleotides, or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 40/10 : Libraries containing peptides or polypeptides, or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 60/14 : for creating libraries
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 70/00 : Tags or labels specially adapted for combinatorial chemistry or libraries, e.g. fluorescent tags or bar codes
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/149 : specially adapted for sorting particles, e.g. by their size or optical properties
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00782 : reprogrammmable code
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2333/9121 : with an alcohol group as acceptor (2.7.1), e.g. general tyrosine, serine or threonine kinases
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2500/00 : Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/00732 : Identification of carriers, materials or components in automatic analysers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/00871 : Communications between instruments or with remote terminals
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 13/0014 : comprising cells based on organic memory material
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 13/0019 : comprising bio-molecules
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 13/025 : using fullerenes, e.g. C60, or nanotubes, e.g. carbon or silicon nanotubes

Abstract

Combinations, called matrices with memories, of matrix materials that are encoded with an optically readable code are provided. The matrix materials are those that are used in as supports in solid phase chemical and biochemical syntheses, immunoassays and hybridization reactions. The matrix materials may additionally include fluophors or other luminescent moieties to produce luminescing matrices with memories. The memories include electronic and optical storage media and also include optical memories, such as bar codes and other machine-readable codes. By virtue of this combination, molecules and biological particles, such as phage and viral particles and cells, that are in proximity or in physical contact with the matrix combination can be labeled by programming the memory with identifying information and can be identified by retrieving the stored information. Combinations of matrix materials, memories, and linked molecules and biological materials are also provided. The combinations have a multiplicity of applications, including combinatorial chemistry, isolation and purification of target macromolecules, capture and detection of macromolecules for analytical purposes, selective removal of contaminants, enzymatic catalysis, cell sorting, drug delivery, chemical modification and other uses. Methods for tagging molecules, biological particles and matrix support materials, immunoassays, receptor binding assays, scintillation proximity assays, non-radioactive proximity assays, and other methods are also provided.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a housing;

a carousel rotatably mounted on the housing, the carousel having a plurality of ports, each port for receiving a container;

one or more containers, each container in a port of the carousel;

at least one sleeve, wherein;

the sleeve is attached to a container; and

the sleeve comprises an inductively-readable recording device;

a read/write controller mounted on the housing, wherein, when the container with the sleeve are received by the port, the sleeve is in inductive communication with the read/write controller, whereby the container or contents thereof or information associated with the contents of the container is identified or tracked.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the sleeve is fitted on the container.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the recording device, comprises:

a microcircuit, the microcircuit comprising a rectifier, a control unit, a modulator, a demodulator, a clock extractor, and a memory having a plurality of memory locations;

a coil antenna for inductively receiving and transmitting a signal and having a lead for electrically connecting the coil antenna to the microcircuit;

the rectifier electrically having an input and an output, the input of the rectifier attached to the lead to rectify a portion of the signal to create a supply voltage on the output of the rectifier;

the demodulator having an input and an output, the input of the demodulator electrically attached to the lead and generating a demodulated signal on the output of the demodulator;

the clock extractor having an input and an output, the input of the clock extractor electrically attached to the lead and generating a clock signal on the output of the clock extractor from the signal;

the modulator having an input and an output, the output of the modulator electrically attached to the lead;

the control unit electrically attached to the output of the rectifier for receiving the supply voltage, electrically attached to the output of the demodulator for receiving the demodulated signal, electrically attached to the input of the modulator for sending a data signal through the modulator, electrically attached to the output of the clock extractor for receiving the clock signal, and electrically connected to the memory for accessing the plurality of memory locations wherein the recording device receives the signal, powers the control unit which accesses the memory locations and creates a data signal which is modulated and electrically fed to the coil antenna for inductive transmission to the read/write controller.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the read/write controller further comprises:

a base antenna for inductively receiving and transmitting a signal and having an output wire;

a demodulator having an input and an output, the demodulator input electrically attached to the wire for receiving the signal and generating a demodulated signal on the output of the demodulator;

a clock extractor having an input and an output, the clock extractor input electrically attached to the wire and generating a clock signal on the output of the clock extractor from the signal;

a modulator having an input and an output, the modulator output electrically attached to the wire;

the processing unit electrically attached to the output of the demodulator for receiving the demodulated signal, electrically attached to the input of the modulator for sending a data signal through the modulator, electrically attached to the output of the clock extractor for receiving the clock signal, wherein the data signal is created in the processing unit and provided to the input of the modulator for creating a modulated signal at the output of the modulator for inductively coupling the modulated signal to the recording device, and wherein a data signal from the recording device is inductively coupled to the base antenna the data signal is demodulated to yield the identifying or tracking information in the data signal.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the carousel further comprises:

a circular base having an outer edge and a center;

a plurality of ports, each the port positioned along the outer edge and sized to receive one of the containers, the ports extending vertically from the circular base to hold the containers in an upward position with the sleeve towards the base wherein the carousel is rotatable about the center to rotate the container to position the sleeve adjacent to the read/write controller.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the read/write controller has an electrical output signal.

7. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

a computer system, the computer system receiving the electrical output signal from the controller for decoding the signal to determine the identification of each the sleeve.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the computer system further comprises a database, the database linking the identification number with the container attached to the sleeve and the contents thereof.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the sleeve further comprises:

a tubular housing having a top end and a bottom end and formed with a divider therebetween, the divider and the top end of the tubular housing forming an orifice for receiving one the container, and the divider and the bottom end of the tubular housing forming a chamber;

a substrate having at least one electrically conductive pad thereon;

a microcircuit having at least one electrical conductor and attached to the substrate;

at least one bond wire, the bond wire electrically attached to the electrical conductor and to the conductive pad to provide an electrical signal path therebetween;

a coil antenna having at least one lead, one the lead being electrically attached to one the conductive pad for electrical communication with the microcircuit, and wherein the coil antenna is attached to the substrate and positioned within the chamber; and

a circular plug sized to be received within the tubular housing to substantially seal the chamber with the coil antenna, the microcircuit, and the substrate therein.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the tubular housing of the sleeve is formed with a vent, the vent allowing the escape of air trapped within the orifice when the container is inserted therein.

13. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

a computer system, programmed with software for directing operation of the system.

11. A system, comprising:

a carousel rotatably mounted on a housing, the carousel having a plurality of ports;

one or more combinations of a sleeve attached to a container, and a recording means comprising a data storage unit disposed on or within the sleeve, wherein the container with its attached sleeve is disposed within a port of the carousel;

a read/write controller mounted on the housing, wherein, when the container with the sleeve is disposed within the port, the sleeve is in inductive communication with the read/write controller, whereby the container or contents thereof or information associated with the contents of the container is identified or tracked.

12. The system of claim 11, further comprising:

a computer system, programmed with software for directing operation of the system.

14. A system, comprising:

a housing;

a carousel rotatably mounted on the housing, the carousel comprising a plurality of ports, each port for receiving a container;

one or more containers, wherein each container comprises a remotely readable recording device;

a read/write controller mounted on the housing such that when the container with the recording device are received by the port, information stored in the recording device can be read.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the recording device is part of a sleeve that fits removably on the container.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the sleeve is a lid.

17. A sleeve adapted to receive a container by inserting the container within the sleeve, the sleeve comprising a remotely-readable recording device adapted to transmit a first electromagnetic signal comprising an identification code corresponding to a material contained within the container.

18. The sleeve according to claim 17, wherein the remotely-readable recording device is adapted to operate on power supplied through a second electromagnetic signal.

19. The sleeve according to claim 18 wherein the first electromagnetic signal is a first radio frequency signal and the second electromagnetic signal is a second radio frequency signal.

20. The sleeve according to claim 18, wherein the remotely-readable recording device comprises a rectifier adapted to rectify the second electromagnetic signal to provide the power.

21. The sleeve according to claim 18 wherein the second electromagnetic signal comprises the identification code.

22. The sleeve according to claim 21 wherein the remotely-readable recording device comprises a modulator adapted to modulate the identification code onto the first electromagnetic signal.

23. The sleeve according to claim 22 wherein the remotely-readable recording device comprises a demodulator adapted to demodulate the second electromagnetic signal to produce the identification code.

24. A sleeve adapted to receive a container by inserting a portion of the container within the sleeve, the sleeve comprising:

a remotely-readable recording device adapted to transmit a first electromagnetic signal comprising an identification code corresponding to a contents within the container wherein the remotely-readable recording device comprises;

a rectifier adapted to produce power for operating the remotely-readable recording device from a second electromagnetic signal received at the remotely-readable recording device;

a demodulator adapted to demodulate a second electromagnetic signal to produce the identification code;

a memory adapted to store the identification code; and

a modulator for modulating the first electromagnetic signal to include the identification code.

28. The method in accordance with claim 24 further comprising the step of storing the identification code in a memory within the remotely-readable recording device.

25. A method for identifying a contents of a container comprising the steps of:

inserting a portion of the container within a sleeve having an inductively-readable recording device; and

transmitting a first electromagnetic signal comprising an identification code corresponding to the contents of the container from the inductively-readable recording device.

26. The method in accordance with claim 25 further comprising the steps of:

receiving the identification code at a read/write device; and

deciphering the identification code at the read/write device to identify the contents within the container.

27. The method in accordance with claim 25 further comprising the step of extracting power from a second electromagnetic signal received at the inductively-readable recording device.

29. The method in accordance with claim 27 further comprising the step of demodulating the second electromagnetic signal to produce the identification code.

30. The method in accordance with claim 29 further comprising the step of modulating the first electromagnetic signal to include the identification code.

31. A method for identifying a contents of a cylindrical container, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving a first an electromagnetic signal from a read/write device disposed within a sleeve, the sleeve adapted to receive a portion of the container by inserting the container within the sleeve;

rectifying the first electromagnetic signal to produce power for operating the read/write device;

demodulating the electromagnetic signal to produce an identification code corresponding to the contents of the container;

storing the identification code in a memory within the read/write device;

modulating a second electromagnetic signal to include the identification code; and

transmitting the second electromagnetic signal to the read/write device.