Compositions, apparatus and methods for facilitating surgical procedures
First Claim
1. A composition suitable for administration to the heart of a human patient and capable of inducing transient reversible ventricular asystole in a human patient, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced, comprising:
- a compound capable of inducing reversible ventricular asystole in a patient; and
a β
-blocker in an amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of the compound required to induce ventricular asystole in the patient.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods are provided for conducting surgical procedures in a patient wherein, during the surgical procedure, autonomous ventricular electrical conductivity and escape beats are reversibly and transiently suppressed to facilitate the surgical procedure. Also provided are compositions which are capable of inducing ventricular asystole in a patient. The compositions may include an AV node blocker. In one embodiment, compositions including an atrioventricular (AV) node blocker and a β-blocker are provided, wherein the β-blocker is present in an amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of AV node blocker required to induce ventricular asystole in the patient. The compositions and methods may be used for inducing temporary ventricular asystole in a beating heart, and to facilitate the performance of a variety of surgical techniques, including minimally invasive microsurgical techniques. Methods for performing a surgical procedure on a human patient are provided wherein a composition capable of inducing transient reversible ventricular asystole is administered to the heart, for example by intracoronary injection. The heart then is electrically paced using an electrical pacing system, thereby to maintain the patient'"'"'s blood circulation. The electrical pacing then is selectively intermittently stopped to allow ventricular asystole to occur, and the steps of the surgical or therapeutic procedure, such as suturing, are conducted during the time that the electrical pacing is intermittently stopped. The methods and compositions advantageously may be used in a range of different surgical procedures including cardiac, vascular and neurosurgical procedures.
241 Citations
27 Claims
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1. A composition suitable for administration to the heart of a human patient and capable of inducing transient reversible ventricular asystole in a human patient, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced, comprising:
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a compound capable of inducing reversible ventricular asystole in a patient; and a β
-blocker in an amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of the compound required to induce ventricular asystole in the patient. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 27)
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13. A composition suitable for administration to the heart of a human patient and capable of inducing ventricular asystole in a human patient, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced, comprising:
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a cholinergic receptor agonist; and a β
-blocker;wherein the amount of the cholinergic receptor agonist alone or the β
-blocker alone in the composition is not sufficient to induce ventricular asystole in the patient.
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14. A kit for conducting a medical procedure on a human patient comprising:
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a first container comprising a cholinergic receptor agonist; and a second container comprising a β
-blocker wherein the cholinergic receptor agonist and beta-blocker are present in a form suitable for administration to the heart of a human patient and are capable of inducing transient reversible ventricular asystole in the patient'"'"'s heart, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced, and the beta blocker is present in an amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of the cholinergic receptor agonist required to induce ventricular asystole in the patient. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A kit having instructions for use in inducing transient reversible ventricular asystole in a human patient, comprising:
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a first container comprising a cholinergic receptor agonist; and a second container comprising a beta-blocker. - View Dependent Claims (26)
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Specification