Film forming mixtures, image bearing films and image bearing retroreflective sheeting

• US 6,054,208 A
• Filed: 01/16/1998
• Issued: 04/25/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 01/16/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Avery Dennison Corporation
• Original Assignee: Avery Dennison Corporation
• Inventors: Wise, George H., Rega, Robert K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Hoa T.
• Application Number:
  US09/008,004
• Time in Patent Office: 830 Days
• Field of Search: 428/323, 428/325, 428/327, 428/402, 428/425.8, 428/425.9, 359/536, 359/538, 359/541
• US Class Current: 428/323
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 18/2875 Monohydroxy compounds containing tertiary amino groups
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 18/4219 from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols in combination with polycarboxylic acids and/or polyhydroxy compounds which are at least trifunctional
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2375/04 Polyurethanes
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 5/18 Manufacture of films or sheets
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/128 transparent spheres being embedded in matrix
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/252 Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/254 Polymeric or resinous material
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31605 Next to free metal
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31609 Particulate metal or metal compound-containing

Abstract

Aliphatic polyurethane film forming mixtures, image bearing aliphatic polyurethane films, and image bearing retroreflective sheeting having such image bearing films are described. The image-bearing aliphatic polyurethane films of the invention comprise an aliphatic polyurethane film derived from a film-forming mixture comprising (A) an aliphatic polyurethane, and (B) at least one hydroxy-containing imidazoline surfactant represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic group containing from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹ is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, said film having printed thereon either a monocolor image and a clear overcoat or a multicolor image with or without a clear overcoat wherein the monocolor image is derived from at least one UV radiation curable ink which is cured prior to application of the clear overcoat, and the multicolor image is derived from at least two UV radiation curable inks applied sequentially with curing after each ink application and before application of any clear overcoat. The retroreflective sheetings described herein and having the image bearing aliphatic urethane cover sheets or films may be enclosed lens or encapsulated lens retroreflective sheetings. The images may be single color images or multicolor images derived from UV radiation curable inks and, the images optionally coated with a UV cured clear overcoat.

Claims

1. A polyurethane film-forming mixture comprising

(A) an aliphatic polyurethane derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol prepared from a mixture comprising at least one polyol component and at least one dicarboxylic acid or anhydride component selected from the group consisting of phthalic acid or anhydride, adipic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid provided that when the dicarboxylic acid or anhydride component comprises a mixture of acids and/or anhydrides, isophthalic acid or anhydride is not the major dicarboxylic acid or anhydride present in the mixture, and

(B) at least one hydroxy-containing imidazoline represented by the formula ##STR7## wherein R is an aliphatic group containing from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹ is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms.

2. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the polyol component is selected from glycerol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerine and trimethylol propane.

3. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the dicarboxylic acid component comprise phthalic acid or anhydride.

4. An image bearing aliphatic polyurethane film comprising an aliphatic polyurethane film derived from a film-forming mixture comprising

(A) an aliphatic polyurethane, and

(B) at least one hydroxy-containing imidazoline represented by the formula ##STR8## wherein R is an aliphatic group containing from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹ is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, said film having printed thereon either a monocolor image and a clear overcoat or a multicolor image with or without a clear overcoat wherein the monocolor image is derived from at least one UV radiation curable ink which is cured prior to application of the clear overcoat, and the multicolor image is derived from at least two UV radiation curable inks applied sequentially with curing after each ink application and before application of any clear overcoat.

5. The film of claim 4 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, or polyether polyol.

6. The film of claim 4 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol.

7. The film of claim 4 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and one or more polyester polyols prepared from mixtures comprising at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from phthalic acid or anhydride, adipic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, and at least one polyol selected from glycerol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerine, and trimethylol propane.

8. The film of claim 7 wherein a dicarboxylic acid in at least one mixture is phthalic acid or anhydride.

9. The film of claim 4 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol prepared from a mixture comprising

(A-1) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising isophthalic acid as the major dicarboxylic acid;

and

(A-2) a polyol component.

10. The film of claim 9 wherein the dicarboxylic acid component (A-1) contains (i) from about 40 to about 80 mole percent of isophthalic acid, (ii) from about 20 to about 50 mole percent of at least one dicarboxylic acid of the formula

11. The film of claim 10 wherein the dicarboxylic acid (ii) is adipic acid and (iii) is phthalic acid and/or phthalic acid anhydride.

12. The film of claim 9 wherein the polyol component (A-2) contains (iv) from about 70 to about 90 mole percent of 1,6-hexanediol and (v) from about 10 to about 30 mole percent of at least one higher hydric polyol.

13. The film of claim 12 wherein the higher hydric polyol is selected from the group consisting of trimethylol propane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof.

14. The film of claim 4 wherein the film-forming mixture also comprises

(C) cellulose acetate butyrate.

15. The film of claim 14 wherein the cellulose acetate butyrate contains from about 30% to about 60% of butyryl groups.

16. The film of claim 4 wherein the film-forming mixture also comprises

(D) at least one non-reactive solvent.

17. The film of claim 4 wherein the clear overcoat film is derived from a clear UV curable film-forming mixture.

18. A multicolor image bearing aliphatic polyurethane film comprising an aliphatic polyurethane film derived from a film-forming mixture comprising

(A) an aliphatic polyurethane,

(B) at least one hydroxy-containing imidazoline represented by the formula ##STR9## wherein R is an aliphatic group containing from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹ is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and said film having printed thereon a multicolor image derived from at least two UV radiation curable inks applied sequentially with curing after each ink application.

19. The film of claim 18 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol, polycaprolactone polyol or polyether polyol.

20. The film of claim 18 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol.

21. The film of claim 18 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and one or more polyester polyols prepared from mixtures comprising at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from phthalic acid or anhydride, adipic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, and at least one polyol selected from glycerol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerine, and trimethylol propane.

22. The film of claim 21 wherein a dicarboxylic acid in at least one mixture is phthalic acid.

23. The film of claim 18 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol prepared from a mixture comprising

(A-1) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising isophthalic acid as the major dicarboxylic acid;

and

(A-2) a polyol component.

24. The film of claim 23 wherein the dicarboxylic acid component (A-1) contains (i) from about 40 to about 80 mole percent of isophthalic acid, (ii) from about 20 to about 50 mole percent of at least one dicarboxylic acid of the formula

25. The film of claim 24 wherein the dicarboxylic acid (ii) is adipic acid and (iii) is phthalic acid and/or phthalic acid anhydride.

26. The film of claim 23 wherein the polyol component (A-2) contains (iv) from about 70 to about 90 mole percent of 1,6-hexanediol and (v) from about 10 to about 30 mole percent of at least one higher hydric polyol.

27. The film of claim 26 wherein the higher hydric polyol is selected from the group consisting of trimethylol propane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof.

28. The film of claim 18 wherein the film-forming mixture also comprises

(C) cellulose acetate butyrate.

29. The film of claim 28 wherein the cellulose acetate butyrate contains from about 30% to about 60% of butyryl groups.

30. The film of claim 18 wherein the film-forming mixture also comprises

(D) at least one non-reactive solvent.

31. The film of claim 18 wherein a clear overcoat film is applied over the multicolor image.

32. The film of claim 31 wherein the clear overcoat film is derived from a UV radiation curable clear film-forming mixture.

33. Retroreflective sheeting having a multicolor image bearing aliphatic polyurethane cover sheet obtainable from a film-forming mixture comprising

(A) an aliphatic polyurethane,

(B) at least one hydroxy-containing imidazoline represented by the formula ##STR10## wherein R is an aliphatic group containing from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹ is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and

(C) cellulose acetate butyrate said cover sheet having printed thereon a multicolor image derived from at least two UV radiation curable inks applied sequentially with curing after each ink application.

34. The sheeting of claim 33 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, or polyether polyol.

35. The sheeting of claim 33 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and one or more polyester polyols prepared from mixtures comprising at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from phthalic acid or anhydride, adipic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, and at least one polyol selected from glycerol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerine, and trimethylol propane.

36. The sheeting of claim 33 wherein a dicarboxylic acid in at least one mixture is phthalic acid.

37. The sheeting of claim 33 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol prepared from a mixture comprising

(A-1) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising isophthalic acid as the major dicarboxylic acid;

and

(A-2) a polyol component.

38. The sheeting of claim 37 wherein the dicarboxylic acid component (A-1) contains (i) from about 40 to about 80 mole percent of isophthalic acid, (ii) from about 20 to about 50 mole percent of at least one dicarboxylic acid of the formula

39. The sheeting of claim 38 wherein the dicarboxylic acid (ii) is adipic acid and (iii) is phthalic acid and/or phthalic acid anhydride.

40. The sheeting of claim 37 wherein the polyol component (A-2) contains (iv) from about 70 to about 90 mole percent of 1,6-hexanediol and (v) from about 10 to about 30 mole percent of at least one higher hydric polyol.

41. The sheeting of claim 40 wherein the higher hydric polyol is selected from the group consisting of trimethylol propane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof.

42. The sheeting of claim 33 wherein the cellulose acetate butyrate contains from about 30% to about 60% of butyryl groups.

43. The sheeting of claim 33 wherein the film-forming mixture also comprises

(D) at least one non-reactive solvent.

44. A multicolor image bearing embedded lens retroreflective sheeting comprising

(A) a monolayer of transparent microsphere lenses;

(B) a polymeric spacing layer underlying and contacting the bottom surfaces of the lenses and having a back surface that is spaced from the bottom surfaces of the lenses;

(C) a reflective layer having its top surface in contact with the back surface of the spacing layer; and

(D) an aliphatic polyurethane cover sheet overlying and conforming the top surface of the lenses and having a flat top surface, said cover sheet being derived from a film-forming mixture comprising

(D-1) an aliphatic polyurethane,

(D-2) at least one hydroxy-containing imidazoline represented by the formula ##STR11## wherein R is an aliphatic group containing from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹ is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and

(D-3) cellulose acetate butyrate, said cover sheet having printed thereon a multicolor image derived from at least two UV radiation curable inks applied sequentially with curing after each ink application.

45. The sheeting of claim 44 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, or polyether polyol.

46. The sheeting of claim 44 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and one or more polyester polyols prepared from mixtures comprising at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from phthalic acid or anhydride, adipic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, and at least one polyol selected from glycerol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerine, and trimethylol propane.

47. The sheeting of claim 44 wherein a dicarboxylic acid in at least one mixture is phthalic acid.

48. The sheeting of claim 44 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from a film-forming mixture comprising

(A-1) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising isophthalic acid as the major dicarboxylic acid;

and

(A-2) a polyol component.

49. The sheeting of claim 48 wherein the dicarboxylic acid component (A-1) contains (i) from about 40 to about 80 mole percent of isophthalic acid, (ii) from about 20 to about 50 mole percent of at least one dicarboxylic acid of the formula

50. The sheeting of claim 44 wherein the cellulose acetate butyrate contains from about 30% to about 60% by weight of butyryl groups.

51. The sheeting of claim 44 wherein the film-forming mixture of (D) also comprises

(D-4) at least one non-reactive solvent other than (D-3).

52. The sheeting of claim 51 wherein the solvent (D4) is selected from the group consisting of butyl acetate, toluene, pm acetate and mixtures thereof.

53. The sheeting of claim 44 also comprising

(E) a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer underlying the reflective layer (C), and, optionally,

(F) a release layer underlying and in contact with the adhesive layer.

54. An image bearing encapsulated-lens retroreflective sheeting comprising (1) a base sheet that comprises a monolayer of retroreflective elements partially embedded in a binder layer;

(2) a cover sheet disposed in spaced relationship from the layer of retroreflective elements; and

(3) a network of intersecting bonds that extend between said cover sheet and said base sheet and comprise binder material thermo-formed at the point of contact between said bonds and said cover sheet to form a plurality of cells within which retroreflective elements are hermetically sealed and to adhere the base sheet to the cover sheet, wherein the cover sheet comprises an image bearing aliphatic polyurethane film comprising an aliphatic polyurethane film derived from a film-forming mixture comprising

(A) an aliphatic polyurethane, and

(B) at least one hydroxy-containing imidazoline represented by the formula ##STR12## wherein R is an aliphatic group containing from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹ is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, said film having printed thereon either a monocolor image and a clear overcoat or a multicolor image with or without a clear overcoat wherein the monocolor image is derived from at least one UV radiation curable ink which is cured prior to application of the clear overcoat, and the multicolor image is derived from at least two UV radiation curable inks applied sequentially with curing after each ink application and before application of any clear overcoat.

55. The sheeting of claim 54 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, or polyether polyol.

56. The sheeting of claim 54 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from an aliphatic polyisocyanate and one or more polyester polyols prepared from mixtures comprising at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from phthalic acid or anhydride, adipic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, and at least one polyol selected from glycerol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerine, and trimethylol propane.

57. The sheeting of claim 56 wherein a dicarboxylic acid in at least one mixture is phthalic acid.

58. The sheeting of claim 54 wherein the aliphatic polyurethane is derived from a film-forming mixture comprising

(A-1) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising isophthalic acid as the major dicarboxylic acid;

and

(A-2) a polyol component.

59. The sheeting of claim 58 wherein the dicarboxylic acid component (A-1) contains (i) from about 40 to about 80 mole percent of isophthalic acid, (ii) from about 20 to about 50 mole percent of at least one dicarboxylic acid of the formula

60. The sheeting of claim 54 wherein the cellulose acetate butyrate contains from about 30% to about 60% by weight of butyryl groups.

61. The sheeting of claim 54 wherein the film-forming mixture of (D) also comprises

(D-4) at least one non-reactive solvent other than (D-3).

62. The sheeting of claim 61 wherein the solvent (D-4) is selected from the group consisting of butyl acetate, toluene, and mixture thereof.

63. The sheeting of claim 54 also comprising

(E) a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer underlying the reflective layer (C), and, optionally,

(F) a release layer underlying and in contact with the adhesive layer.