Molecular wire injection sensors
First Claim
1. A sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component, which sensor does not rely on redox mediators, the sensor comprising:
- a plurality of conductive polymer strands each having at least a first end and a second end and each aligned in a non random orientation;
a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for said analyte component and participating in a redox reaction when contacting a molecule of said analyte component, said plurality of headgroups being attached to said conductive polymer strands such that when said redox reaction occurs at a headgroup, a mobile charge carrier is transferred directly to a conductive polymer strand attached to said headgroup, without redox reaction in the polymer strand; and
an electrode substrate attached to said conductive polymer strands at said second ends that reports to an electronic circuit reception of mobile charge carriers from said conductive polymer strands web the presence of said analyte component is sensed.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Disclosed is a sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component without relying on redox mediators. This sensor includes (a) a plurality of conductive polymer strands each having at least a first end and a second end and each aligned in a substantially common orientation; (b) a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for the analyte component and being attached to the first ends of the conductive polymer strands; and (c) an electrode substrate attached to the conductive polymer strands at the second ends. The electrode substrate is capable of reporting to an electronic circuit reception of mobile charge carriers (electrons or holes) from the conductive polymer strands. The electrode substrate may be a photovoltaic diode.
Also disclosed is method of forming a sensor capable of sensing the presence of an analyte component. This method includes (a) contacting a sensor substrate (e.g., a device element of a device on semiconductor chip) with a first medium containing mobile conductive polymer strands or precursors of the conductive polymer strands; (b) applying a first potential to the substrate sufficient to form a first structure having the conductive polymer strands affixed to the substrate; (c) contacting the sensor substrate, with affixed conductive polymer strands, with a second medium containing mobile molecular recognition headgroups; and (d) applying a second potential to the substrate sufficient to affix the molecular recognition headgroups to the affixed conductive polymer strands.
371 Citations
36 Claims
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1. A sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component, which sensor does not rely on redox mediators, the sensor comprising:
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a plurality of conductive polymer strands each having at least a first end and a second end and each aligned in a non random orientation; a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for said analyte component and participating in a redox reaction when contacting a molecule of said analyte component, said plurality of headgroups being attached to said conductive polymer strands such that when said redox reaction occurs at a headgroup, a mobile charge carrier is transferred directly to a conductive polymer strand attached to said headgroup, without redox reaction in the polymer strand; and an electrode substrate attached to said conductive polymer strands at said second ends that reports to an electronic circuit reception of mobile charge carriers from said conductive polymer strands web the presence of said analyte component is sensed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component, the sensor comprising:
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a plurality of multi-stranded nucleic acid wires each having at least a first end and a second end; a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for said analyte component and participating in a redox reaction when contacting a molecule of said analyte component, said plurality of headgroups being attached to said multi-stranded nucleic acid strands; and an electrode substrate attached to said multi-stranded nucleic acid strands at said second ends that reports to an electronic circuit reception of mobile charge carriers from said multi-stranded nucleic acid strands whereby the presence of said analyte component is sensed. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component, which sensor does not rely on redox mediators, the sensor comprising:
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a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for said analyte component and participating in a redox reaction when contacting a molecule of said analyte component such that when said redox reaction occurs at a headgroup, a mobile charge carrier is generated; a diode having a first electrode to which said plurality of molecular recognition headgroups are affixed such that mobile charge carriers generated by said redox reaction are transferred to said first electrode; and a circuit for detecting when said mobile charge carriers are transferred to said first electrode whereby the presence of said analyte component is sensed. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A sensor for sensing the presence of a nucleic acid sequence, the sensor comprising:
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a plurality of sequence-specific single-stranded nonconductive nucleic acid wires each having at least a first end and a second end; an electrode substrate attached to said sequence-specific single-stranded nonconductive nucleic acid strands at said second ends that reports to an electronic circuit, reception of mobile charge carriers originating from complementary multi-stranded nucleic acid strands; molecular recognition headgroups arranged to inject mobile charge carriers into nucleic acid wires whereby when said sensor is exposed to an analyte having said complementary nucleic acid sequence, at least some of said single-stranded nonconductive nucleic acid wires hybridize with said analyte to form conductive multi-stranded nucleic acid strands whereby the presence of said nucleic acid sequence is sensed. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32)
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33. A sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component, which sensor does not rely on redox mediators, the sensor comprising.
a plurality of conductive polymer strands each having at least a first end and a second end; -
a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for said analyte component and participating in a redox reaction when contacting a molecule of said analyte component, said plurality of headgroups being attached to said first ends of said conductive polymer strands such that when said redox reaction occurs at a headgroup, a mobile charge carrier is transferred directly to a conductive polymer strand attached to said headgroup, without redox reaction in the polymer strand; and an electrode substrate attached to said conductive polymer strands at said second ends that reports to an electronic circuit reception of mobile charge card ers from said conductive polymer strands whereby the presence of said analyte component is sensed, wherein the conductive polymer strands'"'"' conductivity reversibly changes between conductive and insulative states. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36)
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Specification