Power factor corrected UPS with improved connection of battery to neutral

• US 6,069,412 A
• Filed: 03/29/1993
• Issued: 05/30/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Eaton Power Quality Corporation (Eaton Corporation PLC.)
• Original Assignee: Powerware Corporation (Eaton Corporation PLC.)
• Inventors: Johnson, Robert W. Jr., Raddi, William J., Paulakonis, Joseph C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gaffin, Jeffrey
• Assistant Examiner(s): Zura, Peter
• Application Number:
  US08/038,469
• Time in Patent Office: 2,619 Days
• Field of Search: 363/44-48, 363/37, 363/89, 363/126, 363/124, 363/16, 363/17, 307/66, 323/222
• US Class Current: 307/66
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/062 for AC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/007 Plural converter units in cascade push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4208 Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/458 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

An uninterrupted power supply (UPS) device with uninterrupted neutral from input to output utilizes the same converter for converting rectified AC power and battery power to positive and negative high voltage (HV) rails. A simple circuit is utilized for connecting the battery to the conversion components of the PFC circuit without adverse affect on the performance of the PFC circuit, and while holding the battery substantially connected to neutral. In a first embodiment, the circuit comprises a simple combination of four diodes and a pair of high pass capacitors arranged so that in both power line and battery supply modes the battery is balanced around neutral. In a second, preferred embodiment, one terminal of the battery is connected directly to neutral.

Claims

1. An uninterrupted power supply (UPS), having first and second input terminals for connection to a power line source, one of said terminals being connected to power line neutral, first and second output terminals, one of said output terminals being connected to said neutral through an uninterrupted conductor, and a battery, comprising

a power factor correction (PFC) circuit having an AC to DC converter circuit, an input connected across said input terminals, and having a positive output terminal providing a positive DC high voltage with respect to said neutral and a negative output terminal providing a negative high DC voltage with respect to neutral,

a high positive voltage rail connected to said positive output terminal and a negative high voltage rail connected to said negative output terminal,

an output circuit having an input connected across said positive and negative rails, and providing an output to said output terminals, and

battery connection circuit means for connecting said battery to said PFC converter circuit so that when the power line voltage fails and said UPS is in battery mode operation, battery voltage is converted through said PFC converter circuit to supply said positive and negative high voltage rails.

2. The UPS of claim 1, wherein said PFC converter circuit comprises a first inductance and a first capacitor connected between said positive high voltage rail and neutral, and a second inductor and a second capacitor which is connected between said negative high voltage rail and neutral, and wherein said battery connection circuit operatively connects said battery to drive each of said first and second inductors during power line failure.

3. The UPS as described in claim 1, wherein said PFC converter circuit comprises first and second switching elements, and further comprises switching means for switching said switching elements under normal operation and battery mode operation.

4. The UPS as described in claim 1, wherein said battery has first and second output terminals and said battery connection circuit connects one of said terminals directly to said neutral.

5. The UPS as described in claim 1, wherein said battery has first and second output terminals and wherein said battery connection circuit comprises a diode connected between neutral and at least one of said battery terminals.

6. The UPS as described in claim 4, further comprising a switch connected to the other one of said battery terminals, said switch being normally open, and switching control means for closing said switch when the voltage on said power line source falls to a predetermined unacceptable level.

7. The UPS as described in claim 1, wherein said output circuit is a DC to AC converter.

8. An uninterrupted power supply (UPS), having first and second input terminals for connection to a power line source, the first of said input terminals being connected to power line neutral, first and second output terminals, an uninterrupted neutral connection from said first input terminal to said first output terminal, for connecting neutral directly to said first output terminal, comprising:

a rectifier means connected to said input terminals for providing positive and negative rectified voltage outputs,

a power factor correction (PFC) circuit having inputs connected to the outputs of said rectifier means, said PFC circuit having an AC to DC converter circuit for providing positive and negative DC voltage outputs relative to said neutral connection, a battery having first and second output terminals, one of said terminals being connected directly to said neutral connection, and a connection circuit for connecting the other of said battery terminals to one of the inputs of said PFC converter circuit so that when the power line voltage fails battery voltage is converted through said PFC circuit to provide said positive and negative DC voltage outputs, and

an output circuit having an input connected across said positive and negative DC outputs and providing an output across said output terminals.

9. The UPS as described in claim 8, wherein said output circuit is a DC to AC converter.

10. The UPS as described in claim 8, wherein said battery connection circuit comprises a switch for controllably connecting said battery to said PFC converter circuit.

11. The UPS as described in claim 8, comprising control means for controlling said PFC converter circuit when the power line source is below a predetermined voltage level.

12. An uninterrupted power supply (UPS) having first and second input terminals for receiving AC power from a power source, one of said input terminals being connected to the neutral of said power source, said UPS providing AC output power to a pair of output terminals, said UPS being operable in an AC mode when said power source delivers a predetermined satisfactorily high voltage and operable in a battery mode when said power source does not deliver said satisfactorily high voltage, comprising:

only one converter circuit for providing a DC output;

a power factor correction circuit for delivering a power factor corrected power from said input terminals, said power factor correction circuit including said only one converter circuit;

a battery and a battery connecting circuit for providing energy to said one converter circuit so as to provide said DC output when in said battery mode;

a DC to AC converter for converting the output of said one converter circuit to provide AC power to said output terminals; and

an uninterrupted connection for connecting (a) said one input terminal connected to neutral, (b) one of said battery terminals and (c) one of said AC output terminals, whereby power neutral is connected directly to said battery and to a load connected across said AC output terminals.