Liquid crystal display projection system using multilayer optical film polarizers

• US 6,088,067 A
• Filed: 06/26/1995
• Issued: 07/11/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/26/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Willett, Stephen J., Weber, Michael F., Ouderkirk, Andrew J., Jonza, James M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Parker, Kenneth
• Assistant Examiner(s): Duong, Tai V.
• Application Number:
  US08/494,978
• Time in Patent Office: 1,842 Days
• Field of Search: 349/61, 349/62, 349/5, 349/6, 349/96, 349/105, 359/494, 359/495, 359/497, 359/498, 359/500, 359/586, 359/589, 353/122, 353/119, 353/DIG. 3, 353/DIG. 5
• US Class Current: 349/5
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/3033 in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133545 Dielectric stack polarisers
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13362 providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one

Abstract

A liquid crystal display (LCD) projection system including a projection panel, a light source, and a reflector. The projection panel includes an LCD and a polarizer on one side of the LCD and a reflective polarizer on the other side. The reflective polarizer is a multilayer stack of pairs of adjacent material layers. Each of the layer pairs exhibits a refractive index difference between the adjacent layers in a first direction in the plane of the reflective polarizer and exhibits essentially no refractive index difference between adjacent layers in a second direction in the plane of the reflective polarizer and orthogonal to the first direction. A quarter-wave plate is secured to the reflective polarizer. Light rays from the light source either pass through the reflective polarizer, and on to the LCD, or are reflected back toward the light source, depending on their polarization. Light which is reflected by the reflective polarizer is reflected by the reflector back toward the LCD again. The use of the quarter-wave plate and the reflector help to recycle what would typically be regarded as wasted light, while at the same time reducing heat build-up within the LCD.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal projector system, comprising:

a light source;

a liquid crystal light modulator;

a reflective polarizer disposed between the light source and the light modulator, the reflective polarizer including layers of a first material and a second material having a refractive index difference between the first and second material along a first axis which is large enough to substantially reflect light of a first polarization state and a refractive index difference between the first and second material along a second axis, orthogonal to the first axis, which is small enough to substantially transmit light of a second polarization state;

a reflector disposed to redirect light reflected by the reflective polarizer; and

a retarder film disposed between the reflector and the reflective polarizer,

wherein at least 15% of light of the first polarization state reflected by the reflective polarizer is converted to the second polarization state and redirected for transmission to the light modulator by the reflector and retarder film.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the first and second material comprise layers of semi-crystalline naphthalene dicarboxylic acid polyesters and another polymer.

3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a condensing lens provided between the light source and reflective prepolarizer.

4. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refractive index difference along the first axis exceeds the refractive index difference along the second axis by at least 0.05.

5. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refractive index difference along the first axis exceeds the refractive index difference along the second axis by at least 0.10.

6. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refractive index difference along the first axis exceeds the refractive index difference along the second axis by at least 0.20.

7. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first material of the reflective polarizer exhibits stress-induced birefringence, the materials of the reflective polarizer being uniaxially stretched.

8. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first material is a napthalene dicarboxylic acid polyester and the second material is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polyethylene napthalate, polyethylene terepthalate and cyclohexanedimethylene terepthalate.

9. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terepthalate, polyethylene isopthalate, and copolymers thereof.

10. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a refractive index difference between the first and second material along a third axis orthogonal to a plane of the reflective polarizer is less than about 0.2 times the refractive index difference between the two materials along the first axis.

11. A liquid crystal display projection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a refractive index different between the first and second materials along a third axis orthogonal to a plane of the reflective polarizer is less than about 0.1 times the refractive index difference between the two materials along the first axis.

12. A liquid crystal projector as recited in claim 1, further comprising a dichroic polarizer disposed between the reflective polarizer and the light modulator.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the reflective polarizer is secured to the dichroic polarizer.

14. A liquid crystal projector as recited in claim 1, further comprising a second reflective polarizer disposed in the light path following the light modulator, the second reflective polarizer including layers of a third material and a fourth material having a refractive index difference between the third and fourth material of the second reflective polarizer along a first axis which is large enough to substantially reflect light of one of the first and second polarization and a refractive index difference between the third and fourth material of the second reflective polarizer along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis which is small enough to substantially transmit light of the other of the first and second polarization state.

15. A liquid crystal projector as recited in claim 14, further comprising a second dichroic polarizer disposed in the light path following the second reflective polarizer.

16. A liquid crystal projector as recited in claim 1, further comprising a dichroic polarizer disposed in the light path following the light modulator.

17. A liquid crystal projector as recited in claim 1, wherein the retarder film comprises a 1/4-wave retarder.

18. A liquid crystal projection as recited in claim 1, further comprising a projection lens disposed to receive light transmitted through the light modulator.

19. The projector system of claim 1, further comprising a converging lens disposed between the light source and the reflective polarizer.