Led assembly

• US 6,132,072 A
• Filed: 09/04/1998
• Issued: 10/17/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/13/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Gentex Corporation
• Original Assignee: Gentex Corporation
• Inventors: Roberts, John K., Turnbull, Robert R., Knapp, Robert C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sember, Thomas M.
• Application Number:
  US09/148,375
• Time in Patent Office: 774 Days
• Field of Search: 362/516, 362/230, 362/231, 362/293, 362/800, 362/494, 362/490, 362/135
• US Class Current: 362/494
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/14 to electric lighting circuits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/12 Bikes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0023 Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/20 using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 1/0023 the element being a sensor, e.g. distance sensor, camera
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 1/2665 on rear-view mirrors lighting devices for vehicle interior on or for rear-view mirrors B60Q3/258
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 1/2696 Mounting of devices using LEDs
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/1207 with lamps; with turn indicators
• CPC Class Codes: B63B 45/00 Arrangements or adaptations of signalling or lighting devices arrangement of signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor, for vehicles in general B60Q; life-buoys, -belts, -jackets, -suits or the like, characterised by signalling means B63C9/20; lighting devices or systems therefor F21L, F21S
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/00 Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps reversing lights F21S43/00
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/141 Light emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/143 the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/151 arranged in one or more lines
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/25 Projection lenses
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/28 Cover glass
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/285 Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24-F21S41/28
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/321 the reflector being a surface of revolution or a planar surface, e.g. truncated
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 41/322 the reflector using total internal reflection
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/14 Light emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: F21S 43/235 Light guides
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 5/008 : Combination of two or more successive refractors along an optical axis
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 5/02 : of prismatic shape F21V5/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/20 : Dichroic filters, i.e. devices operating on the principle of wave interference to pass specific ranges of wavelengths while cancelling others
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2102/40 : the light being emitted to facilitate access to the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2103/50 : Registration plate lights
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2107/13 : for cycles
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2107/20 : for water vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2107/30 : for aircraft
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2113/13 : comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2115/10 : Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/48091 : Arched
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/48247 : connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 25/0753 : the devices being arranged next to each other
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 25/13 : the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 : Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00012 : Relevant to the scope of the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00014 : the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/1305 : Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/13091 : Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor [MOSFET]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/181 : Encapsulation
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/30107 : Inductance
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/20 : Controlling the colour of the light
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/24 : using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/46 : having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 362/80 : Light emitting diode

Abstract

An illuminator assembly, having a plurality of LEDs on a vehicular support member in a manner such that, when all of the LEDs are energized, illumination exhibiting a first perceived hue, e.g., blue-green, and projected from at least one of the LEDs overlaps and mixes with illumination exhibiting a second perceived hue, e.g., amber, which is distinct from said first perceived hue and which is projected from at least one of the remaining LEDs in such a manner that this overlapped and mixed illumination forms a metameric white color and has sufficient intensity and color rendering qualities to be an effective illuminator.

Claims

1. An LED assembly comprising first and second LEDs oriented such that when said first and second LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first and second LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, the illumination projected from each of said first and second LEDs having a peak wavelength of less than 635 nm, wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second LED.

8. The LED assembly according to claims 1, 2, 3, 6, or 7, and further including a third LED that, when energized, projects illumination exhibiting color coordinates different from the illumination projected from either of said first or second LEDs.

34. The LED assembly according to claims 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, or 30, and further including a plurality of first LEDs and a plurality of second LEDs, wherein the illumination projected from all of said first LEDs exhibits substantially the same color coordinates, and wherein the illumination projected from all of said second LEDs exhibits substantially the same color coordinates, wherein the illumination projected from said first LEDs exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second LEDs.

42. The LED assembly according to claims 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 30, 35, 38, 39, 40, or 41, where said overlapped and mixed effective illumination has an illuminance at some predetermined distance from said illuminator greater than about 15 lux.

43. The LED assembly according to claim 42, where said predetermined distance is greater than about 10 times the smallest dimensional distance between any two color complementary pairs of said plurality of LEDs.

2. An LED assembly comprising first and second LEDs oriented such that when said first and second LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first and second LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, the illumination projected from each of said first and second LEDs having a dominant wavelength below 635 nm, wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second LED.

3. An LED assembly comprising first and second LEDs oriented such that when said first and second LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first and second LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, wherein neither of said first and second LEDs projects illumination having a red hue, and wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second LED.

4. The LED assembly according to claim 3, where neither of said first and second LEDs projects illumination having a dominant wavelength greater than 635 nm.

5. The LED assembly according to claim 3, where the projected illumination from each of said first and second LEDs has a peak wavelength of less than 635 nm.

9. The LED assembly according to claims 3, 6, or 7 further comprising an electronic circuit electrically connected to a power supply and said LEDs and operable to energize and control the illumination of said LEDs.

10. The LED assembly according to claim 9, where said electronic circuit is temperature-sensitive, such that an energizing current supplied to said LEDs decreases as temperature increases.

11. The LED assembly according to claim 10, wherein said electronic circuit decreases the current through said LEDs at a rate of approximately 139 μ

A per degree Celsius.

12. The LED assembly according to claims 3, 6, or 7, where said LED assembly is a vehicular illuminator and where said support member is a vehicular support member.

13. The LED assembly according to claim 12, wherein said illuminator illuminates a portion of the interior of a vehicle.

14. The LED assembly according to claim 12, wherein said illuminator illuminates a portion of the area on or surrounding the exterior of a vehicle.

15. The LED assembly according to claim 12, where said vehicular support member is a component of an interior rearview mirror.

16. The LED assembly according to claim 12, where said vehicular support member is a component of an exterior rearview mirror.

17. The LED assembly according to claim 12, where said vehicular support member is a component of a dome light.

18. The LED assembly according to claim 12, where said vehicular support member is a component of a vanity light.

19. The LED assembly according to claims 3, 6, or 7, where all of said LEDs are selected from the group comprising of discrete LEDs, individual LED chips, and a mixture of discrete LEDs and individual LED chips.

20. The LED assembly according to claim 19, where said discrete LEDs are selected from the group comprising of T1, T13/4, T5, surface mount, axial-leaded polyled, SuperNova lamp, Pirahna lamp, and Brewster lamp.

21. The LED assembly according to claims 3, 6, or 7, where said illuminator assembly further comprises a secondary optic that influences the illumination projected from one or more of said LEDs.

22. The LED assembly according to claim 21, where said secondary optic comprises a lens selected from the group comprising of TIR, radial microprism structure, plano-convex, bi-convex, aspheric, catadioptric, and holographic optic element.

23. The LED assembly according to claim 21, where said secondary optic is comprised of a deviator designed to steer the illumination projected from one or more of said LEDs.

24. The LED assembly according to claim 23, where said deviator is selected from the group comprising of molded polycarbonate prism operating in refractive mode, molded acrylic prism operating in refractive mode, molded polycarbonate prism operating in TIR mode, molded acrylic prism operating in TIR mode, a diffraction grating, a binary optic and a holographic optical element.

25. The LED assembly according to claim 23, where said secondary optic comprises a diffuser.

26. The LED assembly according to claim 25, where said diffuser performs a function selected from the group comprising of aesthetically hiding the illuminator assembly'"'"'s internal components;

filtering the spectral composition of the projected illumination from one or more of said LEDs; and

narrowing, broadening, or smoothing the projected illumination from one or more of said LEDs.

27. The LED assembly according to claim 26, where said diffuser influences the projected illumination from one or more of said LEDs by one or more of the following:

refraction, reflection, total internal reflection, scattering, diffraction absorption, or interference.

28. The LED assembly according to claim 27, where said diffuser is a dichroic filter.

6. An LED assembly comprising first and second LEDs oriented such that when said first and second LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first and second LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, wherein neither of said first and second LEDs projects illumination having a green hue, and wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second LED.

7. An LED assembly comprising first and second LEDs oriented such that when said first and second LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first and second LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, the illumination projected from said first LED having a blue-green hue and the illumination projected from said second LED having an amber hue.

29. An LED assembly comprising first and second LEDs oriented such that when said first and second LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first and second LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, the illumination projected from neither of said first and second LEDs having a dominant wavelength between 505 and 530 nm, wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second LED.

30. An LED assembly for use in a vehicle, said assembly comprising:

a first LED for projecting illumination exhibiting first color coordinates;

a second LED for projecting illumination exhibiting second color coordinates different from said first color coordinates; and

a control circuit for varying the intensity of the illumination generated by at least one of said LEDs, wherein said first and second LEDs are oriented such that the illumination projected from each LED overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, wherein said control circuit enables the intensity generated by either or both of said first and second LEDs to be independently adjusted.

31. The LED assembly according to claim 30, wherein said control circuit enables the intensity of the illumination generated by both said first and second LEDs to be adjusted so as to change the illuminance of the effective white illumination.

32. The LED assembly according to claim 30, wherein said control circuit enables the intensity of the illumination generated by either or both of said first and second LEDs to be independently adjusted to thereby change the perceived color of the illumination resulting from the overlapping illumination projected from said first and second LEDs.

33. The LED assembly according to claim 30, wherein said control circuit includes a microprocessor.

35. An LED assembly comprising first, second, and third LEDs oriented such that when said first, second, and third LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first, second, and third LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second and third LEDs, the illumination projected from said second LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said third LED, and neither said first, second, or third LED projects illumination having a red hue.

36. The LED assembly according to claim 35, where neither of said first, second, or third LEDs projects illumination having a dominant wavelength greater than 635 nm.

37. The LED assembly according to claim 35, where the projected illumination from each of said first, second, and third LEDs has a peak wavelength of less than 635 nm.

40. The LED assembly according to claim 35, 38, or 39 and further including a control circuit for varying the intensity generated by at least one of said LEDs, wherein said first, second, and third LEDs are oriented such that the illumination projected from each LED overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination.

41. The LED assembly according to claim 40, wherein said control circuit enables the intensity generated by both said first, second, and third LEDs to be adjusted so as to change the illuminance of the effective white illumination.

44. The LED assembly according to claim 40, wherein said control circuit enables the intensity generated by either or all of said first, second, and third LEDs to be independently adjusted to thereby change the perceived color of the illumination resulting from the overlapping illumination projected from said first, second, and third LEDs.

45. The LED assembly according to claims 35, 38, or 39, where said illuminator assembly is a vehicular illuminator assembly and where said support member is a vehicular support member.

38. An LED assembly comprising first, second, and third LEDs oriented such that when said first, second, and third LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first, second, and third LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second and third LEDs, the illumination projected from said second LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said third LED, and neither said first, second, or third LED projects illumination having a green hue.

39. An LED assembly comprising first, second, and third LEDs oriented such that when said first, second, and third LEDs are energized, illumination projected from said first, second, and third LEDs overlaps and is capable of forming effective white illumination, wherein the illumination projected from said first LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said second and third LEDs, the illumination projected from said second LED exhibits color coordinates different from the illumination projected from said third LED, and neither said first, second or third LED projects illumination having a blue hue.