Capacitive sensing keyboard and pointing device

• US 6,204,839 B1
• Filed: 06/27/1997
• Issued: 03/20/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 06/27/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Compaq Computer Corporation (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Mato, Stephan A. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hjerpe, Richard
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tran, Henry N.
• Application Number:
  US08/884,242
• Time in Patent Office: 1,362 Days
• Field of Search: 345/157, 345/168, 345/156, 345/158, 341/22, 341/24, 341/26, 341/33
• US Class Current: 345/168
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/1616 with folding flat displays, e.g. laptop computers or notebooks having a clamshell configuration, with body parts pivoting to an open position around an axis parallel to the plane they define in closed position
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/1662 Details related to the integrated keyboard
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/169 the I/O peripheral being an integrated pointing device, e.g. trackball in the palm rest area, mini-joystick integrated between keyboard keys, touch pads or touch stripes G06F1/1643 takes precedence; constructional details of pointing devices G06F3/033
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04101 2.5D-digitiser, i.e. digitiser detecting the X/Y position of the input means, finger or stylus, also when it does not touch, but is proximate to the digitiser's interaction surface and also measures the distance of the input means within a short range in the Z direction, possibly with a separate measurement setup
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0202 Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the input device
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0213 Arrangements providing an integrated pointing device in a keyboard, e.g. trackball, mini-joystick for pointing devices integrated in a laptop computer G06F1/169; joysticks G05G9/047; constructional details of pointing devices G06F3/033
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0219 Special purpose keyboards
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/023 Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04883 for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/975 using a capacitive movable element

Abstract

A combination keyboard and pointing device is incorporated in a portable computer and includes a dielectric base member on a top side of which a spaced series of electrically conductive pad member portions of a capacitance-based proximity sensing system are formed. Manually depressible key members are positioned above the pads. With the sensing system switched to a typing mode, the pads capacitively sense the proximity, velocity and acceleration of a user'"'"'s fingers depressing their associated keys and output signals useable by the computer to display the character associated with the depressed key. A sensed increased stroke velocity of each manually depressed key may be used to alter the key character image displayed on the screen, for example capitalizing, bolding or underlining the character. The sensing system may be manually or automatically switched from its typing mode to a pointing mode in which it capacitively senses various hand and finger motions and orientations to carry out various pointing functions, such as cursor movements, pick functions, and scrolling functions, in response to the sensed hand and finger motions and orientations.

Claims

1. Electronic apparatus comprising:

a combination keyboard/pointing device including;

a support member having a top side,

a series of keys carried on said support member for movement through stroke distances toward said top side, and

capacitance-based proximity sensing circuitry including proximity sensors disposed beneath said keys. said canacitance-based proximity sensing circuitry being switchable between;

(1) a typing mode in which said circuitry, via said proximity sensors capacitively senses changes in the proximity of a user'"'"'s fingers to said top side while the fingers are depressing said keys through said stroke distances, and responsively generates signals useable to generate corresponding typing characters on a screen, and

(2) a pointing mode in which said circuitry, via the same proximity sensors, capacitively senses predetermined user hand orientations and movements upwardly adjacent said keys and responsively generates signals useable to control a movable cursor on a screen.

2. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a screen on which said typing characters and said movable cursor may be displayed.

3. The electronic apparatus of claim 2 wherein said electronic apparatus is a computer.

4. The electronic apparatus of claim 3 wherein said computer is a portable computer.

5. The electronic apparatus of claim 4 wherein said portable computer is a notebook computer.

6. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a manual switch operative to selectively switch said circuitry between one of said typing and pointing modes and the other of said typing and pointing modes.

7. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 wherein, with said circuitry in said typing mode, said circuitry is operative to sense a predetermined user hand orientation and movement along and upwardly adjacent said keys and responsively switch to said pointing mode.

8. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 wherein, with said circuitry in said pointing mode, said circuitry is operative to sense the direction of movement of a portion of a user'"'"'s hand along and upwardly adjacent said keys and responsively generate a signal useable to move the cursor along the screen in a direction related in a predetermined manner to the user'"'"'s hand direction movement.

9. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 wherein, with said circuitry in said pointing mode, said circuitry is operative to sense a tapping of one of said keys and responsively generate a cursor pick signal.

10. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 wherein, with said circuitry in said pointing mode, said circuitry is operative to sense the movement of a user'"'"'s hand along and upwardly adjacent said keys and responsively generate a page scrolling signal.

11. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 wherein, with said circuitry in said typing mode, said circuitry is operative to capacitively sense the key stroke velocity of each key and responsively generate (1) a first signal useable to display on a screen a first key character image when the sensed key stroke velocity of the key is in a first predetermined range, and (2) a second signal useable to display on a screen a second key character image when the sensed key stroke velocity of the key is in a second predetermined range.

12. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 wherein said electronic apparatus is a computer having computer control circuitry, and said capacitance-based proximity sensing circuitry includes:

a spaced series of electrically conductive pad structures underlying said keys in registry therewith and acting as said proximity sensors,

means for impressing predetermined alternating wave forms on said pad structures,

multiplexing switch circuitry having an input side connected to said pad structures, and an output side,

analog electrical circuitry having an input side connected to said output side of said multiplexing switch circuitry, and an output side, said analog electrical circuitry being operative to sense capacitance changes at said pad structures caused by changes in proximity of objects adjacent thereto, and responsively generate analog output signals, and

digital electrical circuitry for receiving said analog output signals, converting them to digital signals, and transmitting said digital signals to said computer control circuitry.

13. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

said circuitry includes a spaced series of electrically conductive pad structures underlying said keys in registry therewith and acting as said proximity sensors, and

said circuitry is operative to cause said pad structures to function as electrical transceivers during said typing mode.

14. The electronic apparatus of claim 13 wherein said circuitry is further operative to cause said pad structures to function as electrical transceivers during said pointing mode.

15. The electronic apparatus of claim 13 wherein said circuitry, when in said pointing mode, is operative to cause at least one of said pad structures to function solely as an electrical transmitter, and to cause at least a portion of the balance of said pad structures to function solely as electrical receivers.

16. The electronic apparatus of claim 11 wherein:

said support member is a dielectric plate member,

said circuitry includes a spaced series of electrically conductive pad structures disposed on said top side of said dielectric plate member, underlying said keys in registry therewith, and acting as said proximity sensors and

each key has associated therewith a spring structure operative to resiliently bias the key toward an outwardly extended position relative to said top side of said dielectric plate member, and a stop structure operative to prevent the key from contacting its underlying pad structure when the key is depressed through its full stroke distance.