System and method for auto-bias of an amplifier

• US 6,351,189 B1
• Filed: 07/31/2000
• Issued: 02/26/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nokia Solutions and Networks US LLC (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Networks (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Hirvilampi, Mika
• Primary Examiner(s): Pascal, Robert
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, KHANH V
• Application Number:
  US09/628,843
• Time in Patent Office: 575 Days
• Field of Search: 330/289, 330/296, 455/126, 455/127
• US Class Current: 330/296
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/306 in junction-FET amplifiers H03F1/303, H03F1/305, H03F1/309 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/481 A resistor being used as sensor
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/483 A shunting switch being paralleled to the sensor
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/504 the supply voltage or current being continuously controlled by a controlling signal, e.g. the controlling signal of a transistor implemented as variable resistor in a supply path for, an IC-block showed amplifier

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for auto-biasing an amplifier. The auto-bias system of the present invention has an auto-bias feedback loop that adjusts the bias condition of an amplifier to a wanted state between transmission periods. The system monitors a physical quantity indicative of the operating state of the amplifier and controls the amplifier bias so as to control the amplifier operating point sufficiently to compensate for variations in amplifier electrical characteristics, amplifier load, amplifier temperature, and input signals. The system further adjusts the amplifier operating point based on the modulation scheme used to modulate information included in an input signal provided to amplifier, thereby allowing the amplifier to operate in any one of multiple signal modulation systems.

Claims

1. An apparatus for automatically setting a bias level for an amplifier, wherein the apparatus is conveyed an information input signal by an information input signal source, the apparatus comprising:

an amplifier; and

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier and adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and a signal modulation scheme used to produce the information input signal,

wherein the bias control feedback circuit comprises a control device that that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the signal modulation scheme, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier,

wherein the control device comprises a variable voltage divider that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the signal modulation scheme, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier.

2. An apparatus for automatically setting a bias level for an amplifier, the apparatus comprising:

an amplifier, and

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier, said bias control feedback circuit comprising a control device that adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter when the bias control feedback circuit is in a hold mode, and maintains the bias level of the amplifier when the bias control feedback circuit is in a sampling mode.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the bias control feedback circuit is in said hold mode when the amplifier is not transmitting, is in said sampling mode when the amplifier is transmitting, and adjusts a bias level of the amplifier when the amplifier is not transmitting.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the bias control feedback circuit determines a bias level metric based on the measured operating parameter, and wherein the bias control feedback circuit adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the bias level metric.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the bias control feedback circuit comprises a control device that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter to produce a magnitude adjusted signal, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control device adjusts the bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and on a signal modulation scheme.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control device adjusts the bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and on a predetermined gain factor.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control device comprises a variable voltage divider that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the variable voltage divider produces a voltage signal based on the measured operating parameter, and wherein the bias control feedback circuit further comprises a sample and hold device coupled to the control device that samples the voltage signal when the amplifier is not transmitting to produce a sampled voltage and holds the sampled voltage when the amplifier is transmitting so as to sufficiently maintain the bias level as set according to the measured operating parameter.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the sample and hold device includes a switching device that closes the bias control feedback circuit when the amplifier is not transmitting and that opens the bias control feedback circuit when the amplifier is transmitting.

11. An apparatus for automatically setting a bias level for an amplifier, the apparatus comprising:

an amplifier; and

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier, adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter when the bias control feedback circuit is closed, and maintains the bias level of the amplifier when the bias control feedback circuit is open,

wherein the bias control feedback circuit comprises a control device that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter to produce a magnitude adjusted signal, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier,

wherein the control device comprises a variable voltage divider that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier,

wherein the variable voltage divider produces a voltage signal based on the measured operating parameter, and wherein the bias control feedback circuit further comprises a sample and hold device coupled to the control device that samples the voltage signal when the amplifier is not transmitting to produce a sampled voltage and holds the sampled voltage when the amplifier is transmitting so as to sufficiently maintain the bias level as set according to the measured operating parameter,

wherein the sample and hold device produces a sampled voltage signal based on the sampled voltage, and wherein the apparatus further comprises;

a reference voltage source that produces a reference voltage; and

an integrator coupled to the sample and hold device, to the amplifier, and to the reference voltage source, that receives the sampled voltage signal from the sample and hold device, receives the reference voltage from the reference voltage source, compares the sampled voltage signal to the reference voltage, and adjusts the bias level based on the comparison.

12. An apparatus for automatically setting a bias level for an amplifier, the apparatus comprising:

an amplifier;

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier, adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter when the bias control feedback circuit is closed, and maintains the bias level of the amplifier when the bias control feedback circuit is open,

wherein the bias control feedback circuit comprises a control device that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter to produce a magnitude adjusted signal, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier,

a reference voltage source that produces a reference voltage; and

an integrator coupled to the control device and to the reference voltage source, that receives the magnitude adjusted signal from the control device, receives the reference voltage from the reference voltage source, compares the magnitude adjusted signal to the reference voltage, and adjusts the bias level based on the comparison.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the integrator compares the magnitude adjusted signal to the reference voltage to produce a bias level adjustment voltage, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a sample and hold device coupled to the integrator that samples the a bias level adjustment voltage when the amplifier is not transmitting to produce a sampled voltage and holds the sampled voltage when the amplifier is transmitting so as to sufficiently maintain the bias level as set according to the measured operating parameter.

14. A communication device comprising:

an information source that produces a digital information input signal based on a signal modulation scheme;

a processor coupled to the information source that produces a control signal based on the signal modulation scheme;

a transmitter coupled to the information source and to the processor having an auto-bias feedback loop that comprises;

an amplifier; and

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier, receives the control signal from the processor, and adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and on the control signal,

wherein the bias control feedback circuit includes a variable voltage divider that magnitude scales a signal received by the variable voltage divider based on a control signal received from the processor, thereby causing an adjustment of a bias level of the amplifier.

15. The communication device of claim 14, wherein the processor and the information source are the same element.

16. A communication device comprising:

a transmitter having an autobias feedback loop that comprises;

an amplifier;

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier, adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter when the bias control feedback circuit is in a hold mode, and maintains the bias level of the transmitter when the bias control feedback circuit is in a sampling mode; and

a processor coupled to the transmitter that controls whether the auto-bias feedback loop is in the hold mode or sampling mode.

17. The communication device of claim 16, wherein the auto-bias feedback loop is in said sampling mode when the amplifier is not transmitting, is in said hold mode when the amplifier is transmitting, and adjusts a bias level of the amplifier when the amplifier is not transmitting.

18. The communication device of claim 16, wherein the bias control feedback circuit comprises a control device that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier.

19. The communication device of claim 18, wherein the control device adjusts the bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and a predetermined gain factor.

20. The communication device of claim 18, wherein the control device adjusts the bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and on a signal modulation scheme.

21. The communication device comprising:

a transmitter having an auto-bias feedback loop that comprises;

an amplifier;

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier, adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter when the bias control feedback circuit is closed, and maintains the bias level of the transmitter when the bias control feedback circuit is open; and

a processor coupled to the transmitter that controls the opening and the closing of the auto-bias feedback loop,

wherein the bias control feedback circuit comprises a control device that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier,

wherein the control device comprises a variable voltage divider that produces a voltage signal based on the measured operating parameter, and wherein the bias control feedback circuit further comprises a sample and hold device that samples the voltage signal when transmitter is not transmitting to produce a sampled voltage and holds the sample voltage when the transmitter is transmitting so as to sufficiently maintain the bias level as set according to the measured operating parameter.

22. The communication device of claim 21, wherein the sample and hold device includes a switching device that closes the bias control feedback circuit in response to a control signal received from the processor when the transmitter is not transmitting and that opens the bias control feedback circuit in response to a control signal received from the processor when the transmitter is transmitting.

23. A communication device comprising:

a transmitter having an auto-bias feedback loop that comprises;

an amplifier;

a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier that measures an operating parameter of the amplifier, adjusts a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter when the bias control feedback circuit is closed, and maintains the bias level of the transmitter when the bias control feedback circuit is open; and

a processor coupled to the transmitter that controls the opening and the closing of the auto-bias feedback loop,

wherein the bias control feedback circuit comprises a control device that adjusts a magnitude of a signal received by the control device based on the measured operating parameter, thereby causing an adjustment in a bias level of the amplifier,

wherein the control device comprises a variable voltage divider that produces a voltage signal based on the measured operating parameter, and wherein the bias control feedback circuit further comprises a sample and hold device that samples the voltage signal when the transmitter is not transmitting to produce a sampled voltage and holds the sampled voltage when the transmitter is transmitting so as to sufficiently maintain the bias level as set according to the measured operating parameter,

wherein the sample and hold device produces a sampled voltage signal based on the sampled voltage, and wherein the communication device further comprises;

a reference voltage source that produces a reference voltage; and

an integrator coupled to the control device, to the sample and hold device, to the amplifier, and to the reference voltage source, that receives the sampled voltage signal from the sample and hold device, receives the reference voltage from the reference voltage source, compares the sampled voltage signal to the reference voltage, and adjusts the bias level based on the comparison.

24. A method for automatically biasing an amplifier comprising steps of:

closing a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier;

measuring an operating parameter of the amplifier;

adjusting a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter when the bias control feedback circuit is closed;

opening the bias control feedback circuit; and

holding the adjusted bias level when the bias control feedback circuit is open.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the step of closing comprises a step of closing the auto-bias feedback loop when the amplifier is not transmitting and wherein the step of opening comprises a step of opening the bias control feedback circuit when the amplifier is transmitting.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein the step of adjusting comprises a step of adjusting a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and a signal modulation scheme.

27. The method of claim 24, wherein the step of adjusting comprises a step of adjusting a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and a predetermined gain factor.

28. The method of claim 24, wherein the step of adjusting comprises steps of:

determining a bias level metric based on the measured operating parameter; and

adjusting a bias level of the amplifier based on the determined bias level metric when the bias control feedback circuit is closed.

29. The method of claim 24, wherein the step of adjusting comprises steps of:

determining a voltage based on the measured operating parameter;

sampling the determined voltage when the bias control feedback circuit is closed to produce a sampled voltage;

comparing the sampled voltage to a reference voltage; and

adjusting a bias level of the amplifier based on the comparison of the sampled voltage to the reference voltage.

30. A method for automatically biasing an amplifier comprising steps of:

closing a bias control feedback circuit coupled to the amplifier;

measuring an operating parameter of the amplifier;

receiving a control signal based on a signal modulation scheme; and

adjusting a bias level of the amplifier based on the measured operating parameter and on the received control signal when the bias control feedback circuit is closed;

opening the bias control feedback circuit; and

holding the adjusted bias level when the bias control feedback circuit is open.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the step of adjusting comprises steps of:

determining a bias level metric based on the measured operating parameter;

magnitude scaling the determined bias level metric based on the control signal;

comparing the magnitude scaled bias level metric to a reference signal; and

adjusting a bias level of the amplifier based on the comparison of the magnitude scaled bias level metric and the reference signal.