Directional display and method of making a mask for a directional display

• US 6,473,141 B2
• Filed: 06/05/2001
• Issued: 10/29/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/07/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha (Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha (Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Woodgate, Graham John, Ezra, David, Moseley, Richard Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): Sikes, William L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CHOWDHURY, TARIFUR RASHID
• Application Number:
  US09/874,684
• Publication Number:
  US 20020126389A1
• Time in Patent Office: 511 Days
• Field of Search: 349/15, 349/117, 349/187, 345/84, 345/87, 348/51, 348/59, 359/462, 359/463, 430/5, 430/323
• US Class Current: 349/15
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/27 involving lenticular arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/30 involving parallax barriers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/32 Holograms used as optical elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133512 Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix G02F1/136209 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133524 Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133526 Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1336 Illuminating devices
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133606 including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133607 the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/0439 for recording Holographic Optical Element [HOE] HOE per se G02B5/32
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2210/22 2D SLM object wherein the object beam is formed of the light modulated by the SLM SLM per se G03H2001/0224
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2270/54 Recording material filed in recessed substrate
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/305 using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/31 using parallax barriers
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/312 the parallax barriers being placed behind the display panel, e.g. between backlight and spatial light modulator [SLM]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/32 using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/351 for displaying simultaneously
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/359 Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/376 for tracking left-right translational head movements, i.e. lateral movements

Abstract

A directional display comprises a display arrangement such as a spatial light modulator and a rear parallax barrier illuminated by a suitable backlight. The spatial light modulator and the parallax barrier cooperate to produce Fresnel diffraction which results in spatially non-uniform brightness across viewing windows of the display. Also, where the spatial light modulator has pixels of non-constant vertical aperture, further variations in the intensity profile at the windows occurs. In order to compensate for this, a mask is provided, for instance between the parallax barrier and the backlight. The mask cooperates with the parallax barrier to produce an intensity pattern having variations which are the inverse of the variations in intensity pattern produced by the parallax barrier and the spatial light modulator. The variations are superimposed and substantially cancel each other out so as to result in viewing windows which have substantially uniform light intensities.

Claims

1. A method of making a mask for a display comprising a display arrangement for producing a plurality of viewing zones, each of which has a non-uniform first angular intensity profile with a first angularly varying component, the display further comprising a compensator for superimposing in the viewing zones a second angular intensity profile having a second angularly varying component which is substantially the inverse of the first angularly varying component, the display arrangement comprising a spatial light modulator having a plurality of picture elements and an array of discrete light sources, wherein the picture elements are arranged as columns and the light sources comprise parallel evenly spaced line sources, the light sources comprise a diffuse backlight and a parallax barrier, the parallax barrier comprises a plurality of slits, each of which cooperates with a respective group of the picture element columns to form the viewing zones of a zeroth order lobe, the compensator comprises a mask disposed between the parallax barrier and the backlight, and the mask comprises a plurality of strips of varying light transmissivity which cooperate with the slits of the parallax barrier to form the second angularly varying intensity profile

the method comprising the steps of:

disposing a photosensitive material in a plane substantially parallel to the spatial light modulator and intersected by the viewing zones;

operating the display with the picture elements being transmissive so as to expose the photosensitive material; and

reducing and repeating an image recorded by the photosensitive material.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parallax barrier is replaced with by a further parallax barrier of reduced slit width during exposure of the photosensitive material.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display is viewpoint corrected to form viewing windows in a preferred viewing plane and the photosensitive material is disposed at the viewing windows.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mask is formed on a transparent substrate of the parallax barrier.

5. A method of making a holographic mask for a display of the type comprising a display arrangement for producing a plurality of viewing zones, each of which has a non-uniform first angular intensity profile with a first angularly varying component, the display further comprising a compensator for superimposing in the viewing zones a second angular intensity profile having a second angularly varying component which is substantially the inverse of the first angularly varying component, the display arrangement comprising a spatial light modulator having a plurality of picture elements and an array of discrete light sources, wherein the picture elements are arranged as columns and the light sources comprise parallel evenly spaced line sources, the light sources comprise a diffuse backlight and a parallax barrier, the parallax barrier comprises a plurality of slits, each of which cooperates with a respective group of the picture element columns to form the viewing zones of a zeroth order lobe, the compensator comprises a mask disposed between the parallax barrier and the backlight, and the mask comprises a plurality of strips of varying light transmissivity which cooperate with the slits of the parallax barrier to form the second angularly varying intensity profile, and of the viewpoint corrected type forming viewing windows in a preferred viewing plane,

the method comprising the steps of:

disposing a photosensitive material at a parallax barrier plane with respect to the spatial light modulator; and

exposing the photosensitive material by uniformly illuminating the viewing windows and supplying a front reference beam.

6. A method of making a holographic mask for a display comprising a display arrangement for producing a plurality of viewing zones, each of which has a non-uniform first angular intensity profile with a first angularly varying component, the display further comprising a compensator for superimposing in the viewing zones a second angular intensity profile having a second angularly varying component which is substantially the inverse of the first angularly varying component, the display arrangement comprising a spatial light modulator having a plurality of picture elements and an array of discrete light sources, wherein the picture elements are arranged as columns and the light sources comprise parallel evenly spaced line sources, the light sources comprise a diffuse backlight and a parallax barrier, the parallax barrier comprises a plurality of slits, each of which cooperates with a respective group of the picture element columns to form the viewing zones of a zeroth order lobe, the compensator comprises a mask disposed between the parallax barrier and the backlight, and the mask comprises a plurality of strips of varying light transmissivity which cooperate with the slits of the parallax barrier to form the second angularly varying intensity profile, and of the viewpoint corrected type forming viewing windows in a preferred viewing plane,

the method comprising the steps of:

disposing a photosensitive material in a parallax barrier position with respect to the viewing windows; and

exposing the photosensitive material by illuminating the viewing windows with a first intensity profile having a first spatially varying component which is substantially the inverse of a second spatially varying component of a second intensity profile produced by the display with out the compensator and by supplying a front reference beam.