Apparatus for metering electrical power and electronically communicating electrical power information

• US 6,504,357 B1
• Filed: 03/26/1998
• Issued: 01/07/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 02/21/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Elster Electricity LLC (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: ABB Automation GmbH (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Hemminger, Rodney C., Munday, Mark L.
• Primary Examiner(s): KARLSEN, ERNEST F
• Application Number:
  US09/048,800
• Time in Patent Office: 1,748 Days
• Field of Search: 324/142, 324/141, 702/60, 702/61, 702/62, 702/64, 702/65
• US Class Current: 324/142
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/00 Tariff metering apparatus in taximeters G07B13/00; apparatus actuated by coins, cards or the like with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas, or electricity G07F15/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 21/133 by using digital technique
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 22/00 Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 22/10 using digital techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 35/04 of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading

Abstract

An apparatus for electronically communicating metered electrical power is disclosed. A first processor receives voltage and current signals and determines electrical power. The first processor generates an power signal representative of the electrical power determination. A second processor, connected to said first processor, receives the power signal and generates an output signal representative of electrical power information. A output device is connected to receive the output signal to output the electrical power information. The first processor determines units of electrical power from the voltage and current signals and to generates an power signal representative of the determination of such units and the rate at which the units are determined. The output devices may be one of a display, optical port and an option connector. When the output device is a display, the second processor may generate a disk signal representative of a rate of disk rotation in relation to the rate at which the units are determined, wherein the output signal to the display is representative of the units, the rate at which said units are determined, and the rate of disk rotation. The first processor, while concurrently determining units of electrical power, further may determine watt units, apparent reactive power units and the rate at which such units are determined, wherein the watt units, the apparent reactive power units and the rate at which such units are determined are displayed. The first processor may also meter multiple types of electrical power and generates power signals. The second processor, when connected to the optical port, generates an output signal in response to the power signals, wherein the generation of the output signal includes the multiplexing of the power signals into the output signal.

Claims

1. An apparatus for metering a plurality of types of electrical power and electronically communicating electrical power information, said electrical power comprising voltage and current characteristics determined in accordance with sensed analog voltage and current signals, said apparatus comprising:

a first processor which receives said analog voltage and current signals and converts said analog voltage and current signals to digital voltage and current signals, said first processor determining at least one selected type of metered power based on said digital voltage and current signals and outputting a metering signal representative of said at least one selected type of metered power;

a second processor which receives said metering signal and outputs at least one output signal based on said metering signal; and

a commuincations interface, which receives said at least one output signal and communicates said electrical power information external to said apparatus in a format specific to said communications interface,

wherein said second processor adapted to be configured via said communications interface.

2. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising a display having a plurality of visible annunciators, and wherein said at least one output signal comprises a display signal.

3. The apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein said second processor outputs said display signal to selectively activate said visible annunciators.

4. The apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein said metering signal is further representative of a direction and rate of power flow and said display signal is further representative of said direction, and wherein said display signal selectively activates said visible annunciators to indicate said rate and direction of power flow.

5. The apparatus as recited claim 4, wherein said visible annunciators are selectively activated such that rotation of a disk is mimicked.

6. The apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein said visible annunciators are positioned on said display so that the rate of the power flow, the rate of disk rotation and the direction of power flow can be concurrently displayed.

7. The apparatus as recited in claim 4, wherein at least one of said plurality of visible annunciators is activated at said rate of power flow based on a unit of power of said at least one type of metered power.

8. The apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein said at least one of said plurality of visible annunciators is made visible based on the K_h value of said apparatus.

9. The apparatus as recited in claim 4, wherein said display alternately displays a plurality of metered powered types in accordance with said display signal output by said second processor.

10. The apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein all visible annunciators are displayed in response to said display signal.

11. The apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein said display comprises a liquid crystal display.

12. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said communications interface comprises an optical port and said at least one output signal comprises an asynchronous communication signal, and where n said optical port transmits information by converting said asynchronous communication signal to a predetermined wavelength of light.

13. The apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said optical port is adapted to receive and convert said predetermined wavelength of light to said asynchronous communication signal, and wherein said second processor is capable of receiving commands input to said optical port via said serial asynchronous communication signal.

14. The apparatus as recited in claim 13, wherein said second processor selects said at least one type of metered power from a plurality of types of metered power such that different metered power types can be transmitted from said optical port at different times.

15. The apparatus as recited in claim 14, wherein said second processor selects said at least one type of metered power in response to a control signal received by said optical port.

16. The apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said metering signal is further representative of a direction and rate of power flow and said asynchronous communication signal is further representative of said rate of power flow.

17. The apparatus as recited in claim 16, wherein said information transmitted by said optical port is representative of said rate of power flow.

18. The apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein the second processor selects a plurality of types of metered power and multiplexes said plurality of metered power types over said optical port such that said plurality of types of metered power are transmitted by said optical power.

19. The apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said second processor acknowledges an input from said optical port by echoing said input, and wherein said input places second processor into a condition to receive additional data from said optical port.

20. The apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said second processor is programmable using said optical port.

21. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said output device comprises an option connector and said at least one output signal comprises a serial communications signal.

22. The apparatus as recited in claim 21, wherein said option connector is adapted to receive said serial communication signal, and wherein said second processor is capable receiving commands input to said option connector.

23. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said at least one type of metered power comprises real power, reactive power, and apparent power.

24. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said first processor receives plural phases of analog voltage and current signals, at least two of said plural phases being input to respective analog to digital converters to be converted into said digital voltage and current signals.

25. An apparatus for metering a plurality of types of electrical power and electronically communicating electrical power information, said electrical power comprising voltage and current characteristics determined in accordance with sensed analog voltage and current signals, said apparatus comprising:

a first processor which receives said analog voltage and current signals and converts said analog voltage and current signals to digital voltage and current signals, said first processor determining at least one selected type of metered power based on said digital voltage and current signals and outputting a metering signal representative of said at least one selected type of metered power;

a second processor which receives said metering signal and outputs at least one output signal based on said metering signal;

a non-volatile memory, connected to said second processor, which stores configuration information; and

a communications interface, which receives said at least one output signal and communicates said electrical power information external to said apparatus in a format specific to said communications interface,

wherein said first processor and said second processor determine said at least one type of metered power in accordance with said configuration information stored in said non-volatile memory; and

wherein said non-volatile memory and said second processor are configurable via said communications interface.

26. The apparatus as recited in claim 25, further comprising a display having a plurality of visible annunciators, wherein said at least one output signal comprises a display signal, and wherein said second processor outputs said display signal to selectively activate said visible annunciators.

27. The apparatus as recited in claim 26, wherein said mete ring signal is further representative of a direction and rate of power flow and said display signal is further representative of said direction, and wherein said display signal selectively activates said visible annunciators to indicate said direction of power flow.

28. The apparatus as recited in claim 27, wherein one of said visible annunciators is made visible at the rate determined in accordance with a unit of power of said at least one type of metered power,

wherein the rate is a predetermined fraction of said unit of power and is set in accordance with said configuration information.

29. The apparatus as recited in claim 28, wherein said one of said visible annunciators is made visible based on the K_h value of said apparatus.

30. The apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein said output device comprises an optical port and said at least one output signal comprises an asynchronous communication signal, wherein said optical port transmits information by converting said asynchronous communication signal to a predetermined wavelength of light, and wherein said optical port receives and converts said predetermined wavelength of light to said asynchronous communication signal to communicate with said second processor.

31. The apparatus as recited in claim 30, wherein said metering signal is further representative of a direction and rate of power flow and said asynchronous communication signal is further representative of said rate of power flow, and wherein said information transmitted by said optical port is representative of said rate of power flow.

32. The apparatus as recited in claim 31, wherein the second processor selects a plurality of types of metered power and multiplexes said plurality of metered power types over said optical port such that said plurality of types of metered power are transmitted by said optical power.

33. The apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein said at least one type of metered power comprises real power, reactive power, and apparent power.

34. The apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein said first processor receives plural phases of analog voltage and current signals, at least two of said plural phases being input to respective analog to digital converters to be converted into said digital voltage and current signals.