Electrochromic layer
First Claim
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1. An improved electrochromic device, comprising:
- a substrate;
a first conductive layer located on said substrate;
an ion storage layer located on the first conductive layer;
an electrolyte layer located on the ion storage layer;
said electrolyte layer having a thickness less than 1000 angstroms;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer; and
a second conductive layer located on the active layer.
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Abstract
An improved electrochromic device comprising a substrate and a first conductive layer located on the transparent substrate. An ion storage layer is located on the first conductive layer. An electrolyte layer is located on the ion storage layer with an active layer being located on the electrolyte layer. A second conductive layer is located on the active layer.
203 Citations
34 Claims
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1. An improved electrochromic device, comprising:
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a substrate;
a first conductive layer located on said substrate;
an ion storage layer located on the first conductive layer;
an electrolyte layer located on the ion storage layer;
said electrolyte layer having a thickness less than 1000 angstroms;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer; and
a second conductive layer located on the active layer. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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2. An improved electrochromic device, comprising:
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a substrate;
a first conductive layer located on said substrate;
a first and a second conductive bus bars located on said first conductive layer;
said first and second conductive bus bars being separated for testing the conductivity of said first conductive layer;
an ion storage layer located on the first conductive layer;
an electrolyte layer located on the ion storage layer;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer; and
a second conductive layer located on the active layer.
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3. An improved electrochromic device, comprising:
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a substrate;
a first conductive bus bar located on said substrate;
a first conductive layer located on said substrate;
a second conductive bus bar located on said first conductive layer;
an ion storage layer located on the first conductive layer;
an electrolyte layer located on the ion storage layer;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer;
a second conductive layer located on the active layer; and
a hermetic layer overlaying said layers and said conductive bus bars for bonding with the transparent substrate for sealing the electrochromic device.
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20. An improved electrochromic device, comprising:
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a substrate;
a first conductive layer located on said substrate;
a taper defined in said first conductive layer;
an ion storage layer located on the first conductive layer;
an electrolyte layer located on the ion storage layer;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer; and
a second conductive layer located on the active layer.
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21. An improved transmissive electrochromic device, comprising a monolithic stack of solid state inorganic materials deposited directly onto a transparent or translucent substrate comprised of glass, polymer, or fiberglass reinforced polymer, comprising:
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a first electrically conductive layer, which is substantially transparent, comprised of ITO, fluorine doped tin oxide, or a grid of metallic or electrically conductive material, located on the top surface of said transparent or translucent substrate;
an ion storage layer, comprised of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), located on the top surface of the first electrically conductive layer;
an electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous Li3PO4, located on the top surface of the ion storage layer;
said electrolyte layer having a thickness less than 1000 angstroms;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous or polycrystalline WO3, located on the top surface of the electrolyte layer;
a second electrically conductive layer, which is substantially transparent, comprised of ITO, fluorine doped tin oxide, or a grid of metallic or electrically conductive material, located on the top surface of the active layer, an electrical contact for the first electrically conductive layer comprised of a Ni pad, suitable for establishing an electrical connection, located on the top surface of the first electrically conductive layer in an area not covered by the ion storage layer, the ion conductor layer, the active layer, or the second electrically conductive layer; and
an electrical contact for the second electrically conductive layer comprised of a Ni pad, suitable for establishing an electrical connection, located on the top surface of the substrate in an area not covered by any layers except the second electrically conductive layer. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. An improved transmissive electrochromic device, comprising a monolithic stack of solid state inorganic materials deposited directly onto a transparent or translucent substrate comprised of glass, polymer, or fiberglass reinforced polymer, comprising:
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a first electrically conductive layer, which is substantially transparent, comprised of ITO located on the top surface of said transparent or translucent substrate with the following properties;
said layer covers the top surface of the substrate except for a narrow strip around the periphery at the edges of the substrate and a larger rectangular area along one edge with the longer dimension of the rectangle being aligned with the edge of the substrate;
the edge of the ITO bordering the uncovered rectangular area is smoothly tapered from the top of the ITO layer to the top surface of the underlying substrate to provide a smooth transition for the subsequently applied layers whose electrical and mechanical properties can be adversely affected by an abrupt transition;
an ion storage layer, comprised of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), located on the top surface of the first electrically conductive layer and extending across the tapered edge of the ITO to the uncoated area of the substrate;
an electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous Li3PO4, located on the top surface of the ion storage layer and extending across the tapered edge of the ITO beyond the edge of the Li3PO4 to the uncoated area of the substrate;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous or polycrystalline WO3, located on the top surface of the electrolyte layer;
a nickel contact for the second electrically conductive layer located on the top surface of the substrate in the uncoated rectangular area;
a second electrically conductive layer, which is substantially transparent, comprised of ITO, fluorine doped tin oxide, or a grid of metallic or electrically conductive material, located on the top surface of the active layer and extending across the tapered edge of the ITO onto the top of a portion of the nickel contact;
an electrical contact for the first electrically conductive layer comprised of a Ni pad, suitable for establishing an electrical connection, located on the top surface of the second electrically conductive layer; and
a protective layer comprised of SiO2 which covers the entire electrochromic stack and bonds to the periphery of the substrate providing a hermetic encapsulation for the electrochromic device. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30)
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31. An improved reflective electrochromic device, comprising a monolithic stack of solid state inorganic materials deposited directly onto a transparent or translucent substrate comprised of glass, polymer, or fiberglass reinforced polymer;
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a first electrically conductive layer, which is substantially transparent, comprised of ITO, fluorine doped tin oxide, or a grid of metallic or electrically conductive material, located on the top surface of said transparent or translucent substrate;
an ion storage layer, comprised of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), located on the top surface of the first electrically conductive layer;
an electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous Li3PO4, located on the top surface of the ion storage layer;
said electrolyte layer having a thickness less than 1000 angstroms;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous or polycrystalline WO3, located on the top surface of the electrolyte layer;
and a second electrically conductive layer, which is optically reflective, comprised of aluminum, silver, or any optically reflective and electrically conductive material, located on the top surface of the active layer;
an electrical contact for the first electrically conductive layer comprised of a Ni pad, suitable for establishing an electrical connection, located on the top surface of the first electrically conductive layer in an area not covered by the ion storage layer, the ion conductor layer, the active layer, or the second electrically conductive layer; and
an electrical contact for the second electrically conductive layer comprised of a Ni pad, suitable for establishing an electrical connection, located on the top surface of the substrate in an area not covered by any layers except the second electrically conductive layer.
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32. An improved reflective electrochromic device, comprising a monolithic stack of solid state inorganic materials deposited directly onto a flexible transparent or translucent substrate comprised of glass, polymer, or fiberglass reinforced polymer, comprising:
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a first electrically conductive layer, which is substantially transparent, comprised of ITO located on the top surface of said transparent or translucent substrate with the following properties;
said layer covers the top surface of the substrate except for a narrow strip around the periphery at the edges of the substrate and a larger rectangular area along one edge with the longer dimension of the rectangle being aligned with the edge of the substrate;
the edge of the ITO bordering the uncovered rectangular area is smoothly tapered from the top of the ITO layer to the top surface of the underlying substrate to provide a smooth transition for the subsequently applied layers whose electrical and mechanical properties can be adversely affected by an abrupt transition;
an ion storage layer, comprised of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), located on the top surface of the first electrically conductive layer and extending across the tapered edge of the ITO to the uncoated area of the substrate;
an electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous Li3PO4, located on the top surface of the ion storage layer and extending across the tapered edge of the ITO beyond the edge of the Li3PO4 to the uncoated area of the substrate;
an active layer located on the electrolyte layer, comprised of amorphous or polycrystalline WO3, located on the top surface of the electrolyte layer;
a nickel contact for the second electrically conductive layer located on the top surface of the substrate in the uncoated rectangular area;
a second electrically conductive layer, which is optically reflective, comprised of silver, aluminum, or other electrically conductive and optically reflective material, located on the top surface of the active layer and extending across the tapered edge of the ITO onto the top of a portion of the nickel contact;
an electrical contact for the first electrically conductive layer comprised of a Ni pad, suitable for establishing an electrical connection, located on the top surface of the second electrically conductive layer; and
a protective layer comprised of SiO2 which covers the entire electrochromic stack and bonds to the periphery of the substrate providing a hermetic encapsulation for the electrochromic device. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34)
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Specification