Apparatus and method for low flux photocatalytic pollution control

• US 6,531,035 B2
• Filed: 02/12/2001
• Issued: 03/11/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/10/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: University of Central Florida (State University System of Florida)
• Original Assignee: University of Central Florida (State University System of Florida)
• Inventors: Martin, Eric, Tabatabaie-Raissi, Ali, Muradov, Nazim Z.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Edna
• Application Number:
  US09/782,427
• Publication Number:
  US 20010050218A1
• Time in Patent Office: 757 Days
• Field of Search: 204/157.15, 204/157.3, 204/158.2, 588/227
• US Class Current: 204/157.15
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2255/802 Photocatalytic
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/885 Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/123 Ultraviolet light
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/28 Moving reactors, e.g. rotary drums B01J19/08 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 21/06 Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 21/063 Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00015 Scale-up
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00191 Control algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0877 Liquid
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0879 Solid
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0892 involving catalytically active material
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/1946 conical
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 35/30 characterised by their physical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 35/39 Photocatalytic properties
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 35/58 Fabrics or filaments
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/10 moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/02 by heating methods of steam generation F22B; preheating boiler feed-water or accumulating preheated boiler feed-water F22D
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/325 Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/38 by centrifugal separation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/725 by catalytic oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2201/3223 : Single elongated lamp located on the central axis of a turbular reactor
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2201/328 : Having flow diverters (baffles)
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2305/10 : Photocatalysts
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 10/37 : using solar energy

Abstract

A new method for design and scale-up of photocatalytic and thermocatalytic processes is disclosed. The method is based on optimizing photoprocess energetics by decoupling of the process energy efficiency from the DRE for target contaminants. The technique is applicable to both low and high-flux photoreactor design and scale-up. The low-flux method is based on the implementation of natural biopolymeric and other low-pressure drop media support for titanium dioxide and other band-gap photocatalysts. The high-flux method is based on the implementation of multifunctional metal oxide aerogels and other media in conjunction with a novel rotating fluidized particle bed reactor.

Claims

1. A method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control comprising the steps of:

passing a target pollutant into a first photocatalytic reactor, a first catalytic media and a second catalytic media, and at least one low flux light source;

providing a substantially uniform irradiance distribution from the at least one low flux light source over the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media;

converting the target pollutant that passes through the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media to a selected level of destruction and removal efficiency(DRE); and

decoupling energy efficiency from the DRE for the target pollutant to improve photocatalytic pollution control performance.

2. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 1, wherein the passing step further comprises the step of:

orienting the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media in series to one another.

3. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 1, wherein the passing step further comprises the step of:

orienting the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media in parallel to one another.

4. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source further includes:

a single low flux light source for both the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media.

5. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 1, wherein the at least one light source further includes:

a first low flux lamp for the first catalytic media and a second low flux lamp for the second catalytic media.

6. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

passing the target pollutant into a second photocatalytic reactor having at least one catalytic media, and at least one low flux light source;

providing a substantially uniform irradiance distribution from the least one low flux light source over the at least one catalytic media; and

converting the target pollutant that pass through the second photocatalytic reactor to a second selected level of destruction and removal efficiency (DRE).

7. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 6, further comprising the step of:

orientating the first photocatalytic reactor in series with the second photocatalytic reactor.

8. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 6, further comprising the step of:

orientating the first photocatalytic reactor in parallel with the second photocatalytic reactor.

9. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 6, wherein the first reactor and the second reactor have different lengths.

10. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 6, wherein the first reactor and the second reactor have identical lengths.

11. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 1, wherein the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media have different lengths.

12. The method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control of claim 1, wherein the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media have identical lengths.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of the passing includes the step of:

inputting the target pollutant with a varying rate.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of:

providing a solely organic polymer substrate for at least one of the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media, adapted to operate below a sol-gel processing temperature.

15. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:

providing a solely organic polymer substrate for at least one of the first catalytic media and the second catalytic media, adapted to operate below a sol-gel processing temperature.

16. A method of low flux photocatalytic pollution control, comprising the steps of:

passing a target pollutant into a photocatalytic reactor having at least one organic catalytic jacket and at least one low flux light source;

providing a substantially uniform irradiance distribution from the at least one low flux light source over the at least one organic catalytic jacket;

converting the target pollutant that passes through the organic catalytic jacket at a selected level of destruction and removal efficiency (DRE); and

decoupling energy efficiency from the DRE for the target pollutant to improve photocatalytic pollution control performance.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of the passing includes the step of:

inputting the target pollutant with a varying rate.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of:

providing a solely organic polymer substrate for the at least one organic catalytic jacket, adapted to operate below a sol-gel processing temperature.

19. The method of claim 16, further comprising the step of:

providing a solely organic polymer substrate for the at least one organic catalytic jacket, adapted to operate below a sol-gel processing temperature.