Fire detection systems and methods

• US 6,556,981 B2
• Filed: 07/23/2001
• Issued: 04/29/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 11/03/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Jerome H. Lemelson, Robert D. Pedersen
• Original Assignee: Jerome H. Lemelson, Robert D. Pedersen
• Inventors: Lemelson, Jerome H., Pedersen, Robert D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Davis, George B.
• Application Number:
  US09/911,064
• Publication Number:
  US 20020026431A1
• Time in Patent Office: 645 Days
• Field of Search: 706/44, 706/60, 706/913
• US Class Current: 706/44
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06 Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/005 for forest fires, e.g. detecting fires spread over a large or outdoors area fire fighting forest fires A62C3/02
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/125 by using a video camera to detect fire or smoke
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 706/90 Fuzzy logic
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 706/913 Vehicle or aerospace

Abstract

A method for detecting fires and reacting thereto. A stationary, earth orbit satellite, drone aircrafts or piloted aircraft contains infrared detectors and optical means for detecting fires. A computer in the satellite, drone or piloted aircraft and/or on the ground analyzes image signals of the areas being monitored and, upon detecting infrared radiation of varying intensity and shape, indicative that a fire has started, generates signals which are indicative of the coordinate locations of the fire, the extent of the fire, the shape of the area(s) burning, the direction of movement of the fires, the speed(s) of the flame fronts, smoke condition, intensity of the fire, fire ball location(s), etc. In one form, a camera generates image signals which are digitized and recorded. Expert system logic is used to prioritize dangerous areas to assist in directing fire fighting. Information is transmitted to earth bound and/or aircraft contained receivers where fire fighting equipment is available for immediate dispatch to the fire zone.

Claims

1. An automated method for optimizing fire fighting decisions comprising the acts of:

a. generating and storing in a computer database geographic control data characterizing preselected parameters of a plurality of geographic regions of the earth;

b. controlling an imaging system to periodically acquire images of a selected geographic region;

c. generating computer-readable image data defining characteristics of the acquired image of the selected geographic region, and storing the image data in an image memory;

d. accessing the image data stored in the image memory and routing the data to a neural network image processing computer;

e. computer analyzing the image data with the neural network image processing computer and determining whether a fire exists in the selected geographic region;

f. further computer processing the image data of the selected geographic region and generating fire control data defining preselected characteristics of the fire;

g. accessing the geographic control data stored in the database that defines the preselected parameters of the selected geographic region in which the fire is burning;

h. routing the fire control data and the geographic control data to an expert system computer;

i. executing an expert system program in the expert system computer that employs prestored expert rules and analyzing the fire control data and the geographic control data to determine optimum fire fighting actions; and

j. indicating the optimum fire fighting actions determined by the expert system computer.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the acts of:

a. employing a global positioning system to determine the geographic location of fire fighting resources available to fight a fire;

b. generating geographic fire resource data defining the geographic location of the fire fighting resources; and

c. communicating to the expert system computer the geographic fire resource data.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the act of executing the expert system program in the expert system computer includes employing preprogrammed expert decision rules to analyze the geographic fire resource data.

4. The method of claim 2 further comprising the acts of:

a. communicating the fire control data and the resource location data to a display processor; and

b. operating the display processor to control a display to graphically indicate the location of the fire and the fire fighting resources.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising the act of generating command data defining the optimum fire fighting actions determined by the expert system computer.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising the act of communicating the command data to a speech synthesis computer and controlling the speech synthesis computer to generate audible sounds indicating the optimum fire fighting decisions.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising the act of communicating the optimum fire fighting actions determined by the expert system computer to fire fighting resources.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining optimum fire fighting actions includes applying preprogrammed expert system rules to analyzing geographic control data defining the combustibility of the selected geographic region.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining optimum fire fighting actions includes applying preprogrammed expert system rules to analyzing geographic control data defining the terrain of the selected geographic region.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining optimum fire fighting actions includes applying preprogrammed expert system rules to analyzing geographic control data defining the value of property in the selected geographic region.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining optimum fire fighting actions includes applying preprogrammed expert system rules to analyzing geographic control data defining the population of the selected geographic region.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the act of determining optimum fire fighting actions includes applying preprogrammed expert system rules to analyzing geographic control data defining the weather in the selected geographic region.

13. The method of claim 2 further comprising the act of controlling at least one weather station to periodically update and communicate to the computer database data defining the current weather in the selected geographic region.

14. The method of claim 1 further comprising repeating the acts specified in clauses (b) through (j) as a fire bums.

15. The method of claim 5 further comprising the acts of updating optimum fire fighting decisions in response to new fire control data and new resource location data.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein executing an expert system program in the expert system computer to determine optimum fire fighting action includes deriving relative danger values for portions of the selected geographic region.