Colored electrochromic transparent window assemblies

• US 6,643,050 B2
• Filed: 06/12/2001
• Issued: 11/04/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 06/13/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Incorporated (Nouryon BV)
• Original Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Incorporated (Nouryon BV)
• Inventors: Lin, Chia-Cheng, Rukavina, Thomas G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Epps, Georgia
• Assistant Examiner(s): TRA, TUYEN Q
• Application Number:
  US09/879,260
• Publication Number:
  US 20020118437A1
• Time in Patent Office: 875 Days
• Field of Search: 359/265, 359/266, 359/267, 359/268, 359/269, 359/270, 359/271, 359/272, 359/273, 359/274, 359/275
• US Class Current: 359/265
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10045 with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10513 Electrochromic layer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10761 containing vinyl acetal
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/1077 containing polyurethane
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1503 caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1533 structural features not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2203/055 wavelength filtering

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrochromic window assembly having coloration associated therewith. The assembly includes an electrochromic device defined by two transparent substrates defining a chamber therebetween, and an electrochromic medium including at least one dye contained within the chamber. At least one of the two substrates has a color. The at least one dye also has a color, which either coordinates with the color of the at least one substrate to produce a window assembly of a desired color, or which complements the color of the at least one substrate.

Claims

1. An electrochromic window assembly comprising:

first and second spaced transparent substrates defining a chamber therebetween, at least one of said first and second transparent substrates having a first color with a first hue angle; and

an electrochromic medium contained in said chamber, said electrochromic medium including at least one dye defining a second color in an electrochemically activated state upon application of electrical potential selected from colors having a second hue angle ranging from said first hue angle plus 45°

to said first hue angle minus 45°

.

2. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 1 wherein said second hue angle ranges from said first hue angle of said first color plus 30°

to said first hue angle of said first color minus 30°

.

3. An electrochromic window assembly comprising:

first and second spaced transparent substrates defining a chamber therebetween, at least one of said first and second transparent substrates having a color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 450 nanometers to 550 nanometers or ranging from 560 nanometers to 590 nanometers; and

an electrochromic medium contained in said chamber, said electrochromic medium including at least one dye defining a color in an electrochemically activated state upon application of electrical potential selected from colors that coordinate with or complement said color of one of said first and second transparent substrates.

4. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said electrochromic window assembly has a luminous transmittance for CIE standard illuminant A (LTA) of at least 70%.

5. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said electrochromic medium has variable light transmittance upon application of electrical potential.

6. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 5, wherein said electrochromic window assembly has an LTA value of from about 1% to about 80%.

7. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said first and second transparent substrates are selected from glass and polymeric materials.

8. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 7, wherein said glass is float glass.

9. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said first and said second substrates are glass, and further comprising a transparent polymeric layer.

10. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 9, wherein said transparent polymeric layer is laminated to an outer surface of said first transparent substrate.

11. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 10, further comprising a glass outer substrate, said transparent polymeric layer laminated between said glass outer substrate and said outer surface of said first transparent substrate.

12. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one dye of said electrochromic medium comprises at least two compounds comprising at least one anodic electrochromic compound and at least one cathodic electrochromic compound, and wherein application of electrical potential to said electrochromic medium causes simultaneous oxidation of said anodic electrochromic compound and reduction of said cathodic electrochromic compound, thereby causing said compounds to define said color.

13. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one dye is selected from viologen dyes and phenazine dyes.

14. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said electrochromic window assembly is selected from automotive windshields, automotive side windows, automotive sun roofs, architectural glazings, architectural windows, architectural skylights, and aircraft transparencies and portions thereof.

15. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said electrochromic window assembly has a color which is different than the color of said first and second transparent substrates and said at least one dye.

16. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a blue color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 470 nanometers to 490 nanometers.

17. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a green color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 500 nanometers to 520 nanometers.

18. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 575 nanometers to 585 nanometers.

19. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a hue angle ranging from 50°

to 90° and

said at least one dye has a generally coordinating color in said electrochemically activated state.

20. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 450 nanometers to 495 nanometers and said at least one dye is a generally complementing color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 570 nanometers to 640 nanometers in said electrochemically activated state.

21. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 20, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 470 nanometers to 490 nanometers and said at least one dye is a generally complementing color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 570 nanometers to 620 nanometers in said electrochemically activated state.

22. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 20, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a green color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 495 nanometers to 550 nanometers and said at least one dye is a generally complementing purple color in said electrochemically activated state.

23. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 22, wherein at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 500 nanometers to 520 nanometers and said at least one dye is a generally complementing color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 500 c nanometers to 520 c nanometers in said electrochemically activated state.

24. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 495 nanometers to 550 nanometers and said at least one dye is a generally complementing color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 495 c nanometers to 550 c nanometers in said electrochemically activated state.

25. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one dye is a generally complementing color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 440 nanometers to 490 nanometers in said electrochemically activated state.

26. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 575 nanometers and to 585 nanometers and said at least one dye is a generally complementing color defined by a dominant wavelength ranging from 470 nanometers to 490 nanometers in said electrochemically activated state.

27. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said assembly has a chroma(C*) value of no greater than 15.

28. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 27, wherein said assembly has a C* value of no greater than 10.

29. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 27, wherein said electrochromic medium is selected from thermosetting material and thermoplastic material.

30. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a dominant wavelength ranging from 450 nanometers to 495 nanometers.

31. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a 5 dominant wavelength ranging from 495 nanometers to 550 nanometers.

32. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 3, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a hue angle ranging from 50°

to 90°

.

33. An electrochromic window assembly comprising:

first and second spaced transparent substrates defining a chamber therebetween, at least one of said first and second transparent substrates having a color defined by a hue angle ranging from 140°

to 300°

; and

an electrochromic medium contained in said chamber, said electrochromic medium including at least one dye defining a color in an electrochemically activated state upon application of electrical potential selected from colors that coordinate with or complement said color of one of said first and second transparent substrates.

34. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 33, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a hue angle ranging from 200°

to 240°

.

35. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 33, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a hue angle ranging from 150°

to 190°

.

36. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 33, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a hue angle ranging from 200°

to 300°

.

37. An electrochromic window assembly as in claim 33, wherein said at least one of said first and second transparent substrates has a color defined by a hue angle ranging from 140°

to 200°

.