Uniform angular light distribution from LEDs

• US 6,653,765 B1
• Filed: 04/17/2000
• Issued: 11/25/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/17/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Current Lighting Solutions, LLC (f/k/a GE Lighting Solutions, LLC) (American Industrial Partners)
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Srivastava, Alok M., Duggal, Anil R., Duclos, Steven J., Levinson, Lionel M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Nimeshkumar D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BERCK, KENNETH A
• Application Number:
  US09/550,769
• Time in Patent Office: 1,317 Days
• Field of Search: 313/112, 313/506, 313/509, 313/503, 313/505, 313/489, 313/501, 313/110, 313/486, 313/108.D, 313/113, 362/293, 362/512, 362/84, 362/230, 257/99, 257/98
• US Class Current: 313/112
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/62 using mixing chambers, e.g. housings with reflective walls
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/64 using wavelength conversion means distinct or spaced from the light-generating element, e.g. a remote phosphor layer
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/06 for filtering out ultraviolet radiation
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2109/00 Light sources with light-generating elements disposed on transparent or translucent supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2115/10 Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2933/0091 Scattering means in or on the semiconductor body or semiconductor body package H01L33/22 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/44 characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/507 the elements being in intimate contact with parts other than the semiconductor body or integrated with parts other than the semiconductor body

Abstract

A light source (10) includes a light emitting component (32), such as a UV/blue light emitting diode or laser diode, a layer (46) of a light scattering material (42), and a layer (48) of a phosphor material (44). The phosphor material converts a portion of the light emitted by the light emitting component to light of a longer wavelength, such as yellow light. The scattering material scatters the light emitted by the light emitting component and/or the light converted by the phosphor to improve the overall uniformity of the angular distribution of the light. When combined, the converted and scattered light has a more uniform angular distribution, that is, it maintains the approximately the same color as the viewing angle is changed.

Claims

1. A light source comprising:

a light emitting component which emits light in both the blue region and the UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum;

a first layer comprising a phosphor material, the first layer being positioned to receive the light emitted by the light emitting component, the phosphor material converting light in the UV region to light of a different wavelength and leaving a portion of the blue light unconverted;

a second layer comprising a light scattering material, positioned to receive light emitted by the light emitting component, such that all light from the light emitting component exiting the light source passes through both the first and second layers, the light scattering material scattering at least the unconverted blue portion of the light to improve an angular distribution of the unconverted blue portion of the light and provide a more uniform color distribution of the light source.

2. The light source of claim 1, wherein the light scattering material is a particulate material and the second layer is positioned intermediate the light emitting component and the first layer of the phosphor material, such that the light passes first through the light scattering material before passing through the phosphor material.

3. The light source of claim 1, wherein the light emitting component is selected from the group consisting of light emitting diodes and laser diodes.

4. The light source of claim 1, wherein the phosphor material includes a yellow emitting phosphor.

5. The light source of claim 1, wherein the light converted by the phosphor and the scattered second portion of the light are combined.

6. The light source of claim 1, wherein the light converted by the phosphor and the unconverted scattered light are combined to form white light.

9. The light source of claim 1, wherein:

the light scattering material defines a first layer on the light emitting component; and

the phosphor material defines a second layer on the first layer which receives light scattered by the light scattering material.

10. The light source of claim 1, further including:

a housing, the light emitting component being positioned within the housing; and

a window which closes the housing, at least one of the phosphor material and the light scattering material being deposited on the window.

11. The light source of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of at least one of the phosphor material and the light scattering material is dispersed in a medium which encapsulates the light emitting component.

12. The light source of claim 1, further including a housing, the light emitting component being positioned within the housing, at least one of the phosphor material and the light scattering material forming a layer on the housing.

7. A light source comprising:

a light emitting component which emits light in both blue region and the UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum;

a first layer comprising a light scattering material, positioned to receive light emitted by the light emitting component, the light scattering material scattering at least a portion of the blue light to improve an angular color distribution of the light, the light scattering material being a particulate material having a particle size of from about 0.03 microns to about 3 microns; and

a second layer comprising a phosphor material positioned to receive the light emitted by the light emitting component and which has passed through the first layer, the phosphor material converting at least a portion of the UV light to light of a different wavelength.

8. The light source of claim 7, wherein the light scattering material includes a material selected from the group consisting of TiO₂, Al₂O₃, and combinations thereof.

13. A light source with improved angular light distribution comprising:

a light emitting component which emits light of at least a first wavelength;

a particulate light scattering material, which receives light emitted by the light emitting component and scatters the light of the first wavelength without appreciable absorption of the light;

a phosphor material, which receives at least one of the light emitted by the light emitting component and the light scattered by the light scattering material, the phosphor material converting at least a portion of the received light to light of a different wavelength, at least a portion of the light of the first wavelength being unconverted by the phosphor material, wherein the light scattering material is in the form of a layer intermediate the light emitting component and the phosphor material.

14. The light source of claim 13, wherein the phosphor material is in the form of a layer adjacent the layer of light scattering material and receives light scattered by the light scattering material.

15. A method of producing light having a more uniform angular color distribution, the method comprising:

(a) scattering blue light emitted by a light emitting component, which emits light in the UV and blue regions of the spectrum, with a particulate light scattering material to increase the uniformity of the angular distribution of the light; and

(b) converting at least a portion of the UV light emitted by the light emitting component to light of a different wavelength with a phosphor.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein steps (a) and (b) are carried out sequentially.

17. The method of claim 15, further including:

combining the scattered first portion of the light and the light of longer wavelength.