Methods and apparatus for context selection of block transform coefficients

• US 6,680,974 B1
• Filed: 12/02/1999
• Issued: 01/20/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 12/02/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Yang, Kyeong Ho, Sen, Moushumi, Faryar, Alireza Farid
• Primary Examiner(s): Kelley, Chris
• Assistant Examiner(s): SENFI, BEHROOZ M
• Application Number:
  US09/452,990
• Time in Patent Office: 1,510 Days
• Field of Search: 348/392, 348/408, 348/424, 348/401, 348/238, 375/240, 375/240.01, 375/240.02, 375/240.04, 375/240.23, 382/248, 382/239, 382/250, 382/261
• US Class Current: 375/240.18
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/126 Details of normalisation or weighting functions, e.g. normalisation matrices or variable uniform quantisers
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/593 involving spatial prediction techniques
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/60 using transform coding

Abstract

A technique for use in a block transform-based coding system of processing (e.g., encoding and/or decoding) one or more block transform coefficients associated with at least one block of visual data (e.g., an image and/or video sequence) comprises the following steps. First, one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients associated with the visual data are identified. Then, a context selection value is computed for use in processing a block transform coefficient associated with the at least one block, the context selection value being based on the one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients. The context selection value may be computed as a function of one or more values respectively associated with one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients in near proximity, with respect to a scanning order, to the block transform coefficient to be processed. Further, the context selection value may be computed as a function of a spatial frequency associated with the block transform coefficient. Still further, the context selection value may be computed as a function of both the one or more values respectively associated with the one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients in near scanning order proximity and the spatial frequency associated with the block transform coefficient.

Claims

1. A method for use in a block transform-based coding system of processing one or more block transform coefficients associated with at least one block of visual data, the method comprising the steps of:

identifying one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients associated with the visual data; and

computing a context selection value for use in processing a block transform coefficient associated with the at least one block, the context selection value being based on the one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is performed in a video encoder of the system and the processing step includes encoding the block transform coefficient.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is performed in a video decoder of the system and the processing step includes decoding the block transform coefficient.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the context selection value is computed as a function of one or more values respectively associated with one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients in near proximity, with respect to a scanning order, to the block transform coefficient to be processed.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients are a, b and c wherein said coefficients are determined by a first equation:

a=(i+1,j−

1), b=(i,j−

1) and c=(i−

1,j) during an upward scan, and by a second equation;

a=(i−

1,j+1), b−

(i−

1, j) and c=(i,j−

1) during a downward scan.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the context selection value for the block transform coefficient is represented as Q_N(i,j)=f(Ra, Rb, Rc) where f(*) is a function and Ra, Rb and Rc are the reconstructed values of the corresponding coefficients a, b and c, respectively.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the context selection value is computed as a function of a spatial frequency associated with the block transform coefficient.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the block transform coefficient is from an MxNblock and has MxN spatial frequencies associated therewith.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the context selection value for the block transform coefficient is represented as Q_F(i,j)=N·

i+j, where i=0,1, . . . , M−

1 and j=0,1, . . . , N−

1.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the context selection value is used to update parameters used in processing the block transform coefficient.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the updated parameters are used in a Golomb encoding process.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the updated parameters are used in a Golomb decoding process.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the context selection value is computed as:

(i) a function of one or more values respectively associated with one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients in near proximity, with respect to a scanning order, to the block transform coefficient to be processed; and

(ii) a function of a spatial frequency associated with the block transform coefficient.

28. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is respectively performed in a video encoder and a corresponding video decoder of the system such that the video encoder need not provide coding parameter information to the corresponding video decoder.

14. Apparatus for use in a block transform-based coding system for processing one or more block transform coefficients associated with at least one block of visual data, the apparatus comprising:

at least one processing device operative to;

(i) identify one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients associated with the visual data; and

(ii) compute a context selection value for use in processing a block transform coefficient associated with the at least one block, the context selection value being based on the one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus is included in a video encoder of the system and the processing operation includes encoding the block transform coefficient.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus is included in a video decoder of the system and the processing operation includes decoding the block transform coefficient.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the context selection value is computed as a function of one or more values respectively associated with one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients in near proximity, with respect to a scanning order, to the block transform coefficient to be processed.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients are a, b and c wherein said coefficients are determined by a first equation:

a=(i+1,j−

1), b=(i,j−

1) and c=(i−

1,j) during an upward scan, and by a second equation;

a=(i−

1, j+1), b=(i−

1,j) and c=(i,j−

1) during a downward scan.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the context selection value for the block transform coefficient is represented as Q_N(i,j)=f(Ra, Rb, Rc) where f(*) is a function and Ra, Rb and Rc are the reconstructed values of the corresponding coefficients a, b and c, respectively.

20. The appartus of claim 14, wherein the context selection value is computed as a function of a spatial frequency associated with the block transform coefficient.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the block transform coefficient is from an MxN block and has MxN spatial frequencies associated therewith.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the context selection value for the block transform coefficient is represented as Q_F(i,j)=N·

i+j, where i=0,1, . . . , M−

1 and j=0,1, . . . , N−

1.

23. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the context selection value is used to update parameters used in processing the block-transform coefficient.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the updated parameters are used in a Golomb encoding process.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the updated parameters are used in a Golomb decoding process.

26. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the context selection value is computed as:

(i) a function of one or more values respectively associated with one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients in near proximity, with respect to a scanning order, to the block transform coefficient to be processed; and

(ii) a function of a spatial frequency associated with the block transform coefficient.

27. Apparatus for use in a block transform-based coding system for processing one or more block transform coefficients associated with at least one block of visual data, the apparatus comprising:

a block transform coefficient context selector operative to;

(i) identify one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients associated with the visual data; and

(ii) compute a context selection value for use in processing a block transform coefficient associated with the at least one block, the context selection value being based on the one or more previously reconstructed block transform coefficients.