Method of and apparatus for controlling charging and/or discharging of a battery for a hybrid electric vehicle

• US 6,686,724 B2
• Filed: 05/21/2002
• Issued: 02/03/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 05/21/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Motor Company
• Original Assignee: Ford Motor Company
• Inventors: Melichar, Robert John, Coates, Calvin Edward
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward H.
• Application Number:
  US10/063,866
• Publication Number:
  US 20030218447A1
• Time in Patent Office: 623 Days
• Field of Search: 320/104, 320/124, 320/125, 320/127, 320/128, 320/134, 320/136, 320/135, 320/137
• US Class Current: 320/135
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/13 in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/907 Electricity storage, e.g. battery, capacitor

Abstract

This invention is a method and apparatus for controlling charging and/or discharging a battery for a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).

Claims

1. A method of controlling charging and discharging of a multi-module battery for a hybrid vehicle, the method comprising the steps of:

detecting a battery maintenance condition requiring at least one of charging and discharging a module of the battery;

detecting a vehicle condition;

selectively performing at least one of charging and discharging a module of the battery in response to the battery maintenance condition and the vehicle condition without user intervention.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of selectively performing at least one of charging and discharging comprises delaying performing the at least one of charging and discharging required by the battery maintenance condition in response to the vehicle condition.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of selectively performing at least one of charging and discharging comprises immediately performing the at least one of charging and discharging required by the battery maintenance condition in response to the vehicle condition.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid vehicle has an operational state and a non-operational state, and:

the step of detecting a battery maintenance condition comprises detecting a time period after the vehicle transitions from the operational state to the non-operational state; and

the step of selectively performing at least one of charging and discharging comprises charging a module of the battery.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein:

the step of detecting a battery maintenance condition comprises detecting a discharge period for a module of the battery; and

the step of performing at least one of charging and discharging comprises discharging the module and then charging the module.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of detecting a battery maintenance condition comprises detecting a state of charge of a module of the battery under normal conditions, and then detecting a state of charge of the module under controlled conditions if the state of charge of the module under normal conditions is not within a predetermined range.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step of detecting a state of charge of a module of the battery under normal conditions comprises detecting a voltage of a module of the battery under normal conditions.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein:

the step of detecting a state of charge of the module under controlled conditions comprises detecting a state of charge of the module under a constant current discharge if the state of charge of the module detected under normal conditions is below a threshold; and

the step of performing at least one of charging and discharging comprises charging the module if the difference between the state of charge detected under constant current discharge and a predetermined state of charge exceeds a threshold.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein:

the step of detecting a state of charge of the module under controlled conditions comprises detecting a state of charge of the module under a constant current charge if the state of charge of the module detected under normal conditions is above a threshold; and

the step of performing at least one of charging and discharging comprises discharging the module if the difference between the state of charge detected under constant current discharge and a predetermined state of charge exceeds a threshold.

10. A system for controlling charging and discharging of a battery for a hybrid vehicle, the system comprising:

a processor; and

a program which controls the processor (i) to detect a battery maintenance condition requiring at least one of charging and discharging a module of the battery, (ii) to detect a vehicle condition, and (iii) to selectively control auxiliary circuitry to perform at least one of charging and discharging a module of the battery in response to the battery maintenance condition and the vehicle condition without user intervention.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the program controls the processor to selectively perform at least one of charging and discharging by delaying performing the at least one of charging and discharging required by the battery maintenance condition in response to the vehicle condition.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the program controls the processor to selectively perform at least one of charging and discharging by immediately performing the at least one of charging and discharging required by the battery maintenance condition in response to the vehicle condition.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein the hybrid vehicle has an operational state and a non-operational state, and:

the program controls the processor to detect a battery maintenance condition by detecting a time period after the vehicle transitions from the operational state to the non-operational state; and

the program controls the processor to selectively perform at least one of charging and discharging by charging a module of the battery.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein the program controls the processor:

to detect a battery maintenance condition by detecting a discharge period for a module of the battery; and

to perform at least one of charging and discharging by discharging the module and then charging the module.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein the program controls the processor to detect a battery maintenance condition by detecting a state of charge of a module of the battery under normal conditions, and then by detecting a state of charge of the module under controlled conditions if the state of charge of the module under normal conditions is not within a predetermined range.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the program controls the processor to detect a state of charge of a module of the battery under normal conditions by detecting a voltage of a module of the battery under normal conditions.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the program controls the processor:

to detect a state of charge of the module under controlled conditions by detecting a state of charge of the module under a constant current discharge if the state of charge of the module detected under normal conditions is below a threshold; and

to perform at least one of charging and discharging by charging the module if the difference between the state of charge detected under constant current discharge and a predetermined state of charge exceeds a threshold.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein the program controls the processor:

to detect a state of charge of the module under controlled conditions by detecting a state of charge of the module under a constant current charge if the state of charge of the module detected under normal conditions is above a threshold; and

to perform at least one of charging and discharging by discharging the module if the difference between the state of charge detected under constant current discharge and a predetermined state of charge exceeds a threshold.