Powerful reductant for decontamination of groundwater and surface streams
First Claim
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1. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, whereR is an alkyl having a sulfonate group selected from the group consisting of methylsulfonate, ethylsulfonate, vinylsulfonate, propylsulfonate, isopropylsulfonate, butylsulfonate, hexylsulfonate, octylsulfonate, decylsulfonate, dodecylsulfonate, and octadecylsulfonate, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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Abstract
The disclosed invention relates to a composite material for use in recovery of radionuclides, metals, and halogenated hydrocarbons from aqueous media. The material has very high surface area, and includes nanometer sized, zero-valent iron on a support. The material can be used to remediate aqueous media which have contaminants such as radionuclides, metals and halogenated hydrocarbons from aqueous media.
62 Citations
8 Claims
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1. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is an alkyl having a sulfonate group selected from the group consisting of methylsulfonate, ethylsulfonate, vinylsulfonate, propylsulfonate, isopropylsulfonate, butylsulfonate, hexylsulfonate, octylsulfonate, decylsulfonate, dodecylsulfonate, and octadecylsulfonate, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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2. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is an alkyl having a quaternary ammonium group selected from the group consisting of methyl trimethylammonium, ethyltrimethylammonium, vinyltrimethylammonium, propyltrimethylammonium, butyltrimethylammonium, hexyltrimethylammonium, octyltrimethylammonium, decyltrimethylammonium, dodecyltrimethylammonium, and octadecyltrimethylammonium, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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3. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is a substituted alkyl having a sulfonate group selected from the group consisting of isopropylsulfonate and isobutylsulfonate, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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4. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is a substituted alkyl having a quaternary ammonium group selected from the group consisting of methyltrimethylammonium, ethyltrimethylammonium, vinyltrimethylammonium, propyltrimethylammonium, butyltrimethylammonium, hexyltrimethylammonium, octyltrimethylammonium, decyltrimethylammonium, dodecyltrimethylammonium, and octadecyltrimethylammonium, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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5. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is an aryl having a sulfonate group selected from the group consisting of phenylsulfonate, benzylsulfonate, xylylsulfonate, biphenylsulfonate, and naphthylsulfonate, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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6. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is an aryl having an ammonium group selected from the group consisting of phenylammonium, benzylammonium, xylylammonium, biphenylammonium, and naphthylammonium, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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7. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is an aryl having a charged ammonium group selected from the group consisting of phenyltrimethylammonium, benzyltrimethylammonium, xylyltrimethylammonium, biphenyltrimethylammonium, and naphthyltrimethylammonium, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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8. An Fe particle having a size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the Fe particle having a silane coupling film thereon, the silane coupling film having the formula R-silane, where
R is selected from the group consisting of decyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, dodecylsulfonate, octadecylsulfonate, phenylsulfonate, ethylammonium, hexylammonium, butyltrimethylammonium, and hexyltrimethylammonium, the coupling film having a thickness of about 2 nanometers to about 1 micrometer.
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Current AssigneePenn State Research Foundation
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Original AssigneePenn State Research Foundation
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InventorsPonder, Sherman M., Mallouk, Thomas F.
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Primary Examiner(s)LAVILLA, MICHAEL E
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Application NumberUS09/834,697Publication NumberTime in Patent Office1,033 DaysField of Search428/570, 428/546, 428/681, 428/336, 428/404, 428/405, 428/379, 428/385, 428/391, 428/401, 428/403, 428/447, 428/450, 428/457, 753/16, 753/19, 752/28, 752/30, 752/31, 752/32, 752/33, 752/42, 752/46, 752/55, 752/53, 252/181.3, 252/181.6, 252/513, 252/519.31, 252/521.2, 106/456, 106/457, 106/460US Class Current428/570CPC Class CodesB09C 1/002 involving in-situ ground wa...B09C 1/08 chemicallyC02F 1/705 Reduction by metalsC02F 2101/20 Heavy metals or heavy metal...C02F 2101/22 Chromium or chromium compou...C02F 2101/322 Volatile compounds, e.g. be...C02F 2101/36 containing halogenC02F 2103/06 Contaminated groundwater or...Y10T 428/12014 having metal particlesY10T 428/12181 Composite powder [e.g., coa...Y10T 428/12951 Fe-base componentY10T 428/265 1 mil or lessY10T 428/294 including metal or compound...Y10T 428/2962 Silane, silicone or siloxan...Y10T 428/2995 Silane, siloxane or silicon...
