Distributed connection-oriented services for switched communications networks

• US 6,711,171 B1
• Filed: 10/19/1998
• Issued: 03/23/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 11/15/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Extreme Networks, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Enterasys Networks Incorporated (Extreme Networks, Inc.)
• Inventors: Fee, Brendan, Kane, Laura, Cullerot, David L., Dobbins, Kurt, Oliver, Chris, Andlauer, Philip, Grant, Thomas A., Bahi, David H., Skubisz, Michael, Len, Theodore, Yohe, Kevin, Ruffen, David A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hsu, Alpus H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Toan D.
• Application Number:
  US09/174,991
• Time in Patent Office: 1,982 Days
• Field of Search: 370/351, 370/389, 370/392, 370/396, 370/400, 370/404, 370/405, 370/406, 370/408, 370/401
• US Class Current: 370/400
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1886 with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4641 Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN] LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L12/462; encapsulation techniques H04L12/4633; routing of packets H04L45/00; packet switches H04L49/00; virtual private networks for security H04L63/0272
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2212/00 Encapsulation of packets
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0213 Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/04 Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/16 Multipoint routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/24 Multipath
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/34 Source routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/201 Multicast operation; Broadcast operation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/351 for local area network [LAN], e.g. Ethernet switches
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/354 for supporting virtual local area networks [VLAN]

Abstract

Method and apparatus providing connection-oriented services for packet switched data communications networks. Directory services include distributed discovery of MAC addresses and protocol alias addresses. Topology services include a link state topology exchange among switches, which provides each switch with a complete topology graph of the network. This enables an access switch receiving a data packet to determine a complete path from a source end system to a destination end system. Another service includes resolution of broadcast frames to unicast frames, in order to reduce the amount of broadcast traffic. Policy restrictions may be applied prior to connection setup. Path determination services enable multiple paths from a source to a destination. Connection management includes source routed mapping of connections on the desired path. A distributed call rerouting service is provided wherein if a link on an active path fails, each switch receives a topology change notification and unmaps any connection involving the failed link. A broadcast/unknown service provides restricted flooding of nonresolvable packets. Furthermore, connection-oriented switching is provided based on the source and destination MAC addresses as a connection identifier. Still further, resolution of networks outside the switch domain is enabled by access switches listening for network and server route advertisements and maintaining best routes to said networks and servers. The best route metrics may be combined with best path metrics to determine a path from a first access switch to an egress switch connected to the external network.

Claims

1. A method of establishing a connection in a switched communications network comprising a plurality of switches, the method comprising:

each switch exchanging switch link state topology information with other switches of the plurality of switches so that each switch has its own topology graph of the plurality of switches of the switched network that is maintained as a result of the exchange of the switch link state topology information;

when a first packet specifying a destination end system is received on an access port of a first switch from a source end system, the first switch determines a path from the first switch through the switched network to a second switch having an access port attached to the destination end system, including;

determining that the second switch is attached to the destination end system by sending a resolve request message to one or more other switches of the plurality of switches, wherein the resolve request message specifies requested directory information relating to the destination end system; and

accessing the topology graph of the first switch; and

establishing a connection from the source end system to the destination end system, including sending a connect message with the path to all switches on the path, the connect message including a physical address of the source end system and a physical address of the destination end system as a connection identifier.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the switch link state topology information includes switch/port pairs, where each switch has a single physical address and each switch/port pair comprises a switch physical address and a port instance.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein each link and switch in the switch link topology is automatically named by its switch/port pair.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the connect message includes an in-order list of switch/port pairs on the path.

5. A method of request/response messaging in a tree-based network node topology to resolve a destination end system, comprising:

recieving a communication specifying a destination end system at an originating node;

the orginating node sending a resolve request message to at least one first node, wherein the resolve request message specifies requested directory information relating to the destination end system;

the at least one first node determining one or more adjacent nodes to which to send the resolve request message;

the first node sending the resolve request message to the one or more adjacent nodes, maintaining a request count equal to a number of the sent resolve request messages and awaiting a resolve response from each adjacent node and; and

when a number of received resolve responses reaches the request count, forwarding only one resolve response back toward the originating node, such that the originating node receives only a single resolve response from the first node.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein each of the originating node, the at least first node and the one or more adjacent nodes is a switch of a plurality of switches, the method further comprising:

each of the plurality of switches exchanging switch link state topology information with other switches of the plurality of switches so that each switch has its own topology graph of the plurality of switches of the switched network that is maintained as a result of the exchange of the switch link state topology information.

7. The method of claim 6, the method further comprising:

in response to receiving a first packet specifying a destination end system on an access port of the originating node from a source end system, determining a path from the originating node through the switched network to a second switch having an access port attached to the destination end system, including;

determining, from the single resolve response, that the second switch is attached to the destination end system; and

accessing the topology graph of the originating node; and

establishing a connection from the source end system to the destination end system.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein establishing the connection includes sending a connect message with the path to all switches on the path, the connect message including a physical address of the source end system and a physical address of the destination end system as a connection identifier.

9. A method of request/response messaging in a tree-based network node topology, comprising:

an originating node sending a request message to at least one first node;

the first node sending the request message to adjacent nodes;

the first node receiving a response from each adjacent node; and

the first node forwarding only one response back toward the originating node, such that the originating node receives only a single response from the first node,

wherein the other nodes are switches in a switched communications network, and the request message is an inter-switch resolve message for resolving a destination end system.

10. A system for establishing a connection in a switched communications network, the system comprising:

a plurality of switches, each switch including logic to maintain a topology graph of the plurality of switches of the switched network by exchanging switch link state topology information with other switches,

wherein a first switch of the plurality of switches, in response to receiving on an access port of the first switch a first packet specifying a destination end system from a source end system, is operable to;

determining a path from the first switch through the switched network to a second switch having an access port attached to the end system, by determining that the second switch is attached to the destination end system by sending a resolve request message to one or more other switches of the plurality of switches, wherein the resolve request message specifies requested directory information relating to the destination end system, and by accessing the topology graph of the first switch; and

establish a connection from the source end system to the destination end system by sending a connect message with the path to all switches on the path, the connect message including a physical address of the source end system and a physical address of the destination end system as a connection identifier.

11. The system of claim 10, each switch further including one or more ports to receive at least a first packet and logic to determine a complete path through the switched network for the first packet by accessing its topology graph.

12. A system for request/response messaging in a tree-based network node topology to resolve a destination end system, the system comprising:

an originating node operable to receive a communication specifying a destination end system, and to send a resolve request message to one or more nodes, wherein the resolve request message specifies requested directory information relating to the destination end system; and

a first node of the one or more nodes operable to determine one or more adjacent nodes to which to send the resolve request message, to send the resolve request message to the one or more adjacent nodes, to maintain a request count equal to a number of the sent resolve request messages, to await a resolve response from each adjacent node, and to forward only one resolve response back toward the originating node in response to a number of received resolve responses reaching the request count, such that the originating node receives only a single resolve response from the first node.

13. A system for request/response messaging in a tree-based network node topology, the system comprising:

an originating node operable to send a request message to one or more other nodes; and

a first node of the one or more nodes operable to send the request message to adjacent nodes, to receive a response from each adjacent node, and to forward only one response back toward the originating node, such that the originating node receives only a single response from the first node;

wherein the one or more other nodes are switches in a switched communications network, and the request message is an inter-switch resolve message for resolving a destination end system.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein each of the originating node, the at least first node and the one or more adjacent nodes is a switch of a plurality of switches, wherein each of the plurality of switches is operative to exchange switch link state topology information with other switches of the plurality of switches so that each switch has its own topology graph of the plurality of switches of the switched network that is maintained as a result of the exchange of the switch link state topology information.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the originating node is operative to:

in response to receiving a first packet specifying a destination end system on an access port of the originating node from a source end system, determine a path from the originating node through the switched network to a second switch having an access port attached to the destination end system, including determining, from the single resolve response, that the second switch is attached to the destination end system and accessing the topology graph of the originating node; and

establish a connection from the source end system to the destination end system.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the originating node is further operative to establish the connection by sending a connect message with the path to all switches on the path, the connect message including a physical address of the source end system and a physical address of the destination end system as a connection identifier.