Long wavelength VCSEL with tunnel junction, and implant
First Claim
1. A VCSEL comprising:
- a substrate;
a first mirror above said substrate;
an active region above said first mirror;
a tunnel junction above said active region;
a second mirror above said tunnel junction; and
an isolation implant in a portion of said second mirror, tunnel junction and active region.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A vertical cavity emitting laser (VCSEL) having a tunnel junction. The junction may be isolated with an implant into a top mirror and past the junction and p-layer. A trench around the VCSEL may result in reduced capacitance and more D.C. isolation of the junction. The implant may occur after the trench is made. Some implant may pass the trench to a bottom mirror. Additional isolation and current confinement may be provided with lateral oxidation of a layer below the junction. Internal trenches may be made from the top of the VCSEL vertically to an oxidizable layer below the junction. For further isolation, an open trench may be placed around a bonding pad and its bridge to the VCSEL and internal vertical trenches may be placed on the pad and its bridge down to the oxidizable layer.
182 Citations
63 Claims
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1. A VCSEL comprising:
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a substrate;
a first mirror above said substrate;
an active region above said first mirror;
a tunnel junction above said active region;
a second mirror above said tunnel junction; and
an isolation implant in a portion of said second mirror, tunnel junction and active region. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A VCSEL comprising:
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a substrate;
a first mirror above said substrate;
an active region above said first mirror;
an island isolated tunnel junction above said active region;
a second mirror above said tunnel junction;
a buried isolation implant in a portion of said first mirror, tunnel junction, and active region; and
a third mirror above a first portion of said second mirror. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19)
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20. A VCSEL comprising:
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a first mirror;
an active region above said mirror;
an oxide region above said active region; and
a second mirror above said oxide region;
a trench extending through said second mirror, said oxide region and at least part of said active region, said trench having a bottom; and
an isolation implant region extending down from the bottom of the trench. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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44. A VCSEL comprising:
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a first mirror;
an active region above said first mirror;
an oxidation region above said active region;
a tunnel junction above said oxidation region;
a first part of a second mirror above said tunnel junction;
an implant on a peripheral portion of the first part of said second mirror, said tunnel junction, and at least part of said active region; and
a second part of said second mirror above the first part of said second mirror. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47, 49, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61)
a conductive pad; and
a bridge connecting said conductive pad to said conductive contact.
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57. The VCSEL of claim 56, wherein said conductive pad and bridge are above an implanted material.
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58. The VCSEL of claim 57, wherein a dielectric material is situated between said conductive pad and the implanted material and between said bridge and the implanted material.
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59. The VCSEL of claim 58, further comprising a plurality of vertical trenches in said conductive pad and bridge, wherein each of said vertical trenches goes from said conductive pad and bridge to an oxidation layer.
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60. The VCSEL of claim 59, wherein said peripheral trench is planarized with a material.
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61. The VCSEL of claim 60, further comprising at least one vertical trench through at least a portion of said second mirror, said tunnel junction and said oxidation layer.
- 48. The VCSEL of clam 47, wherein said active region, oxidation region, tunnel junction and second mirror form an island.
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62. A VCSEL comprising:
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first means for reflecting;
means for converting current to light above said first means for reflecting;
means for confining with oxidation above said means for converting current to light;
mean for tunneling above said means for confining;
second means for reflecting above said means for tunneling; and
mean for implant isolating in at least a portion of the periphery of said means for converting current to light. - View Dependent Claims (63)
said first and second means for reflecting are N-doped; and
said means for confining is P-doped.
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Specification