Lighted fastening structure

• US 6,827,459 B2
• Filed: 03/27/2002
• Issued: 12/07/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 03/27/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Johnston, Raymond P., Yi, Jennifer R., Brott, Robert L., Spiewak, Brian E.
• Primary Examiner(s): O'Shea, Sandra
• Assistant Examiner(s): Alavi, Ali
• Application Number:
  US10/107,655
• Publication Number:
  US 20030184991A1
• Time in Patent Office: 986 Days
• Field of Search: 362/22, 362/23, 362/26, 362/27, 362/31, 362/330, 362/319, 362/85, 245/841, 245/861, 200/313, 200/314, 200/317
• US Class Current: 362/616
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0095 Light guides as housings, housing portions, shelves, doors, tiles, windows, or the like
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 13/702 with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2219/062 Light conductor

Abstract

In one embodiment, the invention is directed toward an apparatus that includes a first layer and a second layer attached with one another via sets of fastening elements formed on the layers. The fastening elements may comprise hook-like elements that engage one another in an interlocking arrangement to attach the layers, or alternatively, the fastening elements may take any form envisioned by a designer. In any case, the apparatus may also form a light guide that can be illuminated with a light source to transmit light by total internal reflection (TIR).

Claims

1. A fastening apparatus comprising:

a first layer including a first set of fastening elements; and

a second layer including a second set of fastening elements, wherein the first and second sets of fastening elements are engageable to thereby attach the first layer to the second layer, and wherein a portion of one of the first or second layers forms a light guide.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the engagements of fastening elements comprise hook-like elements that collectively define a distance of travel between the first and second layers.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the distance of travel is in the range of 0.01 centimeters to 1 centimeter.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the portion forming the light guide transmits light via total internal reflection.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the portion forming the light guide includes emission features to extract light from the light guide.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the emission features comprise one of the following:

notches and coatings.

4. A fastening apparatus comprising:

a first layer including a first set of fastening elements;

a second layer including a second set of fastening elements; and

a spring element biasing the first and second layers away from one another, wherein the first and second sets of fastening elements are engageable to thereby attach the first layer to the second layer, and wherein both the first and second layers are light guides.

8. A fastening apparatus comprising:

a bottom layer comprising a first light guide;

a top layer comprising a second light guide; and

means for engaging the top and bottom layers such that upon engagement, an amount of ravel is defined between the top and bottom layers.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the means for engaging includes a plurality of hook-like elements that extend from both the top and bottom layers.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the light guides transmit light via total internal reflection.

11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein at least one of the light guides includes emission features to extract light from the respective light guide.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the emission features comprise one of the following:

notches and coatings.

13. A light guide fastening structure comprising:

a first layer forming a light guide and including a first plurality of fastening elements; and

a second layer forming a light guide and including a second plurality of fastening elements, wherein the second plurality of fastening elements are engagable with the first plurality of fastening demerits such that the first and second layers can be attached to one another.

14. The structure of claim 13, further comprising a light source positioned to illuminate one of the layers.

15. The structure of claim 14, wherein the light source is a light emitting diode (LED).

16. The structure of claim 14, further comprising a number of light sources positioned to illuminate the layers.

17. The structure of claim 13, wherein the engaged pluralities of fastening elements collectively define an amount of travel between the layers.

18. The structure of claim 13, wherein the layers of the light guide fastening structure transmit light via total internal reflection.

19. The structure of claim 13, the layers include emission features to extract light.

20. The structure of claim 19, the emission features comprise one of the following:

surface topography features and material property features.

21. A light guide fastening structure comprising:

a first layer forming a light guide and including first plurality of fastening elements;

a second layer forming a light guide and including a second plurality of fastening elements, wherein the second plurality of fastening elements engage the first plurality of fastening elements and define an amount of travel between the first end second layers; and

a first light source positioned to illuminate the first layer of the light guide fastening structure.

22. The structure of claim 21, wherein light is transmitted between the layers when the layers are engaged in a first position and substantially no light is transmitted between the layers when the layers are engaged in a second position.

23. The structure of claim 21, further comprising a second light source positioned to illuminate the second layer.

24. The structure of claim 23, wherein the first light source emits a first color of light and the second light source emits a second color of light, wherein the first and second colors of light are not substantially transmitted in additive manner when the layers are engaged in a first position and the first and second colors of light are substantially transmitted in additive manner when the layers are engaged in a second position.

25. The structure of claim 21, further comprising an optical element positioned to distribute light from the light source into the first layer of the light guide fastening structure.

26. The structure of claim 21, wherein light is transmitted between the first and second layers and extracted from the second layer.

27. A method comprising:

engaging a first layer of a light guide fastening structure with a second layer of a light guide fastening structure; and

transmitting light via total internal reflection (TIR) through one of the layers.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising:

engaging the first layer of the light guide fastening structure with the second layer of the light guide fastening structure in a first position to substantially transmit light between the layers; and

engaging the first layer of the light guide fastening structure with the second layer of the light guide fastening structure in a second position to substantially not transmit light between the layers.

29. The method of claim 27, further comprising:

transmitting light via total internal reflection (TIR) through both of the layers of the light guide fastening structure.

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising transmitting different colors of light through the first and second layers of the light guide fastening structure.

31. The method of claim 30, further comprising:

engaging the first layer of the light guide fastening structure with the second layer of the light guide fastening structure in a first position to substantially transmit light between the layers such that the different colors of light substantially combine in an additive manner; and

engaging the first layer of the light guide fastening structure with the second layer of the light guide fastening structure in a second position to substantially not transmit light between the layers such that the different colors of light do not substantially combine in an additive manner.

32. The method of claim 27, further comprising transmitting light between the layers.

33. The method of claim 32, further comprising extracting light from one of the layers.

34. A switch array comprising:

an array of sensor elements that generate signals in response to force;

an array of spring elements corresponding to the array of sensor elements;

a bottom layer including a first set of fastening elements, the bottom layer defining holes for aligning with the spring elements; and

a number of top layer sections each including second sets of fastening elements, wherein the first and second sets of fastening elements are engaged, thereby attaching the bottom layer to the top layer sections, and wherein one of the bottom layer or top layer sections form a light guide.

35. The switch array of claim 34, wherein the bottom layer and each of the top layer sections form light guides.

36. The switch array of claim 34, wherein the engaged sets of fastening elements define a distance of travel between the bottom layer and each top layer section.

37. The switch array of claim 36, wherein the top layer sections are biased away from the bottom layer upon protrusion of the spring elements through the holes in the bottom layer.

38. The switch array of claim 34, wherein the spring elements are dome spring elements.

39. The switch array of claim 38, wherein the dome spring elements are individually positioned and unattached to one another.

40. The switch array of claim 38, wherein the dome spring elements comprise an array of dome spring elements connected to one another.

41. The switch array of claim 40, wherein the array of dome spring elements form a light guide that can transmit light via total internal reflection.

42. The switch array of claim 41, wherein the array of dome spring elements further comprise one or more channels between dome spring elements in the array of dome spring elements.

43. The switch array of claim 34, wherein each of the top layer sections comprises a key of the switch array.

44. The switch array of claim 34, the top and bottom layers are extruded films.

45. The switch array of claim 34, wherein the switch array is selected from the following group of switch arrays:

a computer keyboard, a membrane switch array, a keypad, an instrument panel of an aircraft, an instrument panel of a watercraft, an instrument panel of a motor vehicle, a switch array for an appliance and a switch array of a musical instrument.

46. An apparatus comprising:

an array of dome spring elements, wherein part of the array of dome spring elements is a light guide that transmits light via total internal reflection.

47. The apparatus of claim 46, further comprising a light source that illuminates the array of dome spring elements to cause the transmission of light via total internal reflection.