Near-IR human detector

• US 6,829,370 B1
• Filed: 11/28/2000
• Issued: 12/07/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 09/03/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Fritz, Bernard S., Pavlidis, Ioannis, Symosek, Peter F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mehta, Bhavesh M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tabatabai, Abolfazl
• Application Number:
  US09/723,902
• Time in Patent Office: 1,470 Days
• Field of Search: 382/103, 382/100, 382/107, 382/115, 382/118, 382/218, 382/209, 382/210, 382/211, 382/212, 359/196, 348/584, 348/169, 250/339.1, 340/5.53, 340/5.83, 356/541, 356/51, 356/368, 356/448
• US Class Current: 382/103
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/143 Sensing or illuminating at different wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/10 Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/161 Detection; Localisation; Normalisation

Abstract

A detection method and system that detects reflection from a scene in at least a portion of an upper band of the near infrared spectrum (e.g., at least a portion within the range of 1.4 μm and above in the near infrared spectrum). The presence of a human body in the scene is then determined by comparing the reflection of at least one region of the scene (e.g., at least one region of the scene including a face region of the human body) to at least one other region of the scene (e.g., at least another region of the scene including one or more inanimate objects).

Claims

1. A detection method comprising:

detecting reflection from a scene using an imaging device operating in at least a portion of an upper band of the near infrared spectrum, the imaging device for use in providing an image frame representative of the detected reflection from at least one region of the scene and the detected reflection from at least another region of the scene, wherein the at least one region of the scene and the at least another region of the scene are spatially distinct; and

determining the presence of a human body in the scene by comparing the detected reflection of the at least one region of the scene to the detected reflection of the at least another region of the scene represented in the image frame.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least a portion of the upper band of the near infrared spectrum is at least a portion within the range of 1.4 μ

m and above in the near infrared spectrum.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least a portion of the upper band of the near infrared spectrum comprises at the 1.4 μ

m to 2.2 μ

m band in the near infrared spectrum.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting reflection includes detecting reflection from the at least one region of the scene comprising a face region of the human body.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting reflection includes detecting reflection from the at least another region of the scene comprising one or more inanimate objects.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the presence of a human body in the scene includes displaying to a user a representation of the detected reflection of the at least one region of the scene and the at least another region of the scene.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the presence of a human body in the scene comprises:

generating data representative of the detected reflection; and

comparing the data to at least one threshold reference reflection level.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein generating data representative of the detected reflection comprises focusing the scene on a pixel array that is sensitive to the at least a portion of the upper band of the near infrared spectrum, and generating a signal representative of the spectral power for each of a plurality of pixels of the pixel array to be used for the comparison to the at least one threshold reference reflection level.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of an inanimate object.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of a human body.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises illuminating the scene using an illumination source matched to the at least a portion of an upper band of the near infrared spectrum.

12. A human body detection system comprising:

a camera sensitive to at least a portion of an upper band of the near infrared spectrum to provide pixel value signals based on detected reflectance of a scene, the camera for use in providing an image frame representative of detected reflection from at least one region of the scene and detected reflection from at least another region of the scene, wherein the at least one region of the scene and the at least another region of the scene are spatially distinct; and

circuitry operable to provide a comparison of the detected reflection of the at least one region of the scene to the detected reflection of the at least another region of the scene represented in the image frame for use in detecting the presence of a human body in the scene.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least a portion of the upper band of the near infrared spectrum is at least a portion within the range of 1.4 μ

m and above in the near infrared spectrum.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the at least a portion of the upper band of the near infrared spectrum comprises at least the 1.4 μ

m to 2.2 μ

m band in the near infrared spectrum.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one region of the scene comprises a face region of the human body.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least another region of the scene comprises one or more inanimate objects.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein the system further comprises a display operable under control of the circuitry to provide a representation of the detected reflection of the at least one region of the scene and the at least another region of the scene for use in determining the presence of the human body in the scene.

18. The system of claim 12, wherein the circuitry is operable to generate data representative of the detected reflection from the pixel value signals and to compare the data to at least one threshold reference reflection level.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of an inanimate object.

20. The system of claim 18, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of a human body.

21. The system of claim 12, wherein the system further comprises an illumination source matched to the at least a portion of an upper band of the near infrared spectrum for use in illuminating the scene.

22. A detection method comprising:

detecting reflection from a scene using an imaging device operable in at least a portion of an upper wavelength band of the near infrared spectrum, the imaging device for use in providing an image frame representative of detected reflection from a first region of the scene and detected reflection from a second region of the scene, wherein the first region and the second region are spatially distinct;

comparing the detected reflection of the first region of the scene to the detected reflection of the second region of the scene represented in the image frame; and

determining the presence of a human body in the scene based on the comparison between the detected reflection of the first region of the scene to the detected reflection of the second region of the scene represented in the image frame.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein detecting reflection from at least a first region of the scene and the second region of the scene comprises:

focusing light reflected from the first region of the scene on at least one pixel of a pixel array; and

focusing light reflected from the second region of the scene on at least a different pixel of the pixel array.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein comparing the detected reflection of the first region of the scene to the detected reflection of the second region of the scene comprises comparing a spectral power of the at least one pixel of the pixel array to a spectral power of the at least a different pixel of the pixel array.

25. The method of claim 22, wherein the at least a portion of the upper wavelength band of the near infrared spectrum is at least a portion within the range of 1.4 μ

m and above in the near infrared spectrum.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the at least a portion of the upper wavelength band of the near infrared spectrum comprises at least the 1.4 μ

m to 2.2 μ

m wavelength band in the near infrared spectrum.

27. The method of claim 22, wherein detecting reflection from at least the first region of the scene further comprises detecting reflection from at least the first region of the scene comprising a face region of the human body.

28. The method of claim 22, wherein detecting reflection from at least the second region of the scene further comprises detecting reflection from at least the second region of the scene comprising one or more inanimate objects.

29. The method of claim 22, wherein determining the presence of the human body in the scene comprises displaying to a user a representation of the detected reflection from the at least the first region of the scene and the second region of the scene.

30. The method of claim 22, wherein determining the presence of the human body in the scene comprises:

generating data representative of the detected reflection from the at least the first region of the scene and the second region of the scene; and

comparing the data to at least one threshold reference reflection level.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of an inanimate object.

32. The method of claim 30, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of a human body.

33. The method of claim 22, wherein the method further comprises illuminating the scene using an illumination source matched to the at least a portion of the upper wavelength band of the near infrared spectrum.

34. A detection method comprising:

providing an imaging device operable in at least a portion of an upper wavelength band within the range of 1.4 μ

m and above in the near infrared spectrum, wherein the imaging device comprises a pixel array for use in providing an image frame representative of detected reflection from a first region of a scene and detected reflection from a second region of the scene.

focusing light reflected in at least the portion of the upper wavelength band within the range of 1.4 μ

m and above in the near infrared spectrum from the first region of the scene on at least one pixel of the pixel array for use in providing the image frame; and

focusing light reflected in at least the portion of the upper wavelength band within the range of 1.4 μ

m and above in the near infrared spectrum from the second region of the scene on at least a different pixel of the pixel array for use in providing the image frame, wherein the first region and the second region are spatially distinct;

comparing a spectral power of the at least one pixel of the pixel array to a spectral power of the at least the different pixel of the pixel array; and

determining the presence of a human body in the scene based on the comparison.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the at least a portion of the upper wavelength band of the near infrared spectrum comprises at least the 1.4 μ

m to 2.2 μ

m wavelength band in the near infrared spectrum.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the second region of the scene comprises one or more inanimate objects.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein determining the presence of the human body in the scene comprises displaying to a user a representation of the spectral power.

38. The method of claim 36, wherein determining the presence of the human body in the scene comprises:

generating data representative of the spectral power; and

comparing the data to at least one threshold reference reflection level.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of an inanimate object.

40. The method of claim 38, wherein the at least one threshold reference reflection level is based on a level of reflection of a human body.

41. The method of claim 34, wherein the first region of the scene comprises a face region of the human body.

42. The method of claim 34, wherein the method further comprises illuminating the scene using an illumination source matched to the at least a portion of the upper wavelength band of the near infrared spectrum.