Multilayer infrared reflecting film with high and smooth transmission in visible wavelength region and laminate articles made therefrom

• US 6,927,900 B2
• Filed: 07/03/2003
• Issued: 08/09/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Liu, Yaoqi J., Ruff, Andrew T., Sievers, Jerry A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Thong Q
• Application Number:
  US10/613,500
• Publication Number:
  US 20040004778A1
• Time in Patent Office: 768 Days
• Field of Search: 359350-361, 359557-580
• US Class Current: 359/359
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10005 laminated safety glass or glazing
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10761 containing vinyl acetal
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10807 Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10862 using pressing-rolls
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2367/00 Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/0841 comprising organic materials, e.g. polymers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/282 reflecting for infrared and transparent for visible light, e.g. heat reflectors, laser protection

Abstract

A film includes a multilayer stack composed of unit cells having alternating optical layers of first and second diverse polymers A,B. The unit cells can consist essentially of two (AB), four (2A1B2C1B), or six layers (7A1B1A7B1A1B). The layers form an effective optical packet disposed between non-optical layers, the beginning and ending optical layers of which are selected to control an optical figure of merit such as spectral noise in the visible region. The arrangement of layers beginning at one end of the effective optical packet defines a specific cyclic permutation of the unit cell layer order, which provides a better figure of merit than an effective optical packet of similar design but having a different cyclic permutation.

Claims

1. An optical body comprising at least a first effective optical packet of contiguous optical layers bounded by optically thick layers, the optical layers composed of alternating diverse materials A,B;

wherein the optical layers when counted from one end of the first effective optical packet form a plurality of unit cells each having six optical layers arranged in relative optical thicknesses in a first cyclic permutation of 7A1B1A7B1A1B;

wherein at normal incidence the first effective optical packet provides a reflection band at infrared wavelengths and substantially transmits light at visible wavelengths;

wherein the materials A,B have refractive indices that satisfy a relationship n_A>

n_B along at least one in-plane axis, and wherein the optically thick layers that bound the first effective optical packet have a refractive index n_C along the at least one in-plane axis;

wherein the optical body exhibits a variability in transmission over a visible wavelength range; and

wherein a first optical layer disposed at the one end of the first effective optical packet and a second optical layer disposed at an opposite end of the first effective optical packet are selected from among the sequence of six optical layers 7A1B1A7B1A1B to reduce said variability in transmission.

2. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the first effective optical packet consists essentially of an integer number of unit cells.

3. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the first effective optical packet consists essentially of a noninteger number of unit cells.

4. The optical body of claim 1, wherein n_A>

n_C>

n_B, and wherein the first effective optical packet exhibits reverse symmetry or reverse pseudo-symmetry with respect to a plane in the packet.

5. The optical body of claim 1, wherein n_C equals one of n_A and n_B, and wherein the first effective optical packet exhibits symmetry or pseudo-symmetry with respect to a plane in the packet and wherein the first effective optical packet consists essentially of one optical layer less than an integer number of unit cells.

6. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the optical body further comprises a first layer of glazing material.

7. The optical body of claim 6, wherein the optical body further comprises a second layer of glazing material, and the first effective optical packet is disposed between the first and second layers of glazing material.

8. The optical body of claim 7, further comprising a layer including polyvinyl butyral (PVB) disposed between the first effective optical packet and each of the first and second layers of glazing material.

9. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the unit cells within the first effective optical packet have optical thicknesses that vary along a thickness axis of the packet according to a layer thickness gradient.

10. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the optical body reflects at least 50% of light in a band at least 100 nm wide positioned between wavelengths from about 700 nm to about 2000 nm.

11. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the optical body comprises an additional effective optical packet having a contiguous arrangement of additional unit cells of like design, each such additional unit cell consisting essentially of two optical layers.

12. The optical body of claim 1, wherein the first optical layer and the second optical layer are selected to minimize said variability in transmission.

13. The optical body of claim 1, wherein said variability in transmission is evaluated from 400 to 600 nm.

14. The optical body of claim 1, wherein said variability in transmission is evaluated from 400 to 700 nm.