Electronic access control device

• US 6,977,576 B2
• Filed: 12/19/2001
• Issued: 12/20/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 11/15/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: O.S. Security LLC (Acacia Research Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Micro Enhanced Technology Incorporated
• Inventors: Denison, William D., Silvers, Bradley S., Brownfield, Lawrence C.
• Primary Examiner(s): ZIMMERMAN, BRIAN A
• Application Number:
  US10/024,945
• Publication Number:
  US 20020097141A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,462 Days
• Field of Search: 340/825.56, 340/5.73, 340/5.54, 340/5.22, 340/5.23, 340/5.26, 340/5.65, 340/636, 340/5.24, 235/382, 702/80
• US Class Current: 340/5.73
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 25/102 a signal being sent to a remote location, e.g. a radio signal being transmitted to a police station, a security company or the owner
• CPC Class Codes: B62H 5/20 indicating unauthorised use, e.g. acting on signalling devices alarm locks in general E05B45/00, e.g. alarm cable or chain lock E05B45/005
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 2009/00793 by Hertzian waves
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00182 operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00571 operated by interacting with a central unit
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/0069 actuated in a predetermined sequence
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00896 specially adapted for particular uses
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00912 for safes, strong-rooms, vaults or the like
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/33 by means of a password
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/1008 Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/1025 Identification of user by a PIN code
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 1/00 Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 70/7006 Predetermined time interval controlled
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 70/7113 Projected and retracted electrically

Abstract

An electronic lock utilizes two microprocessors remote from each other for enhanced security. The first microprocessor is disposed close to an input device such as a keypad, and the second microprocessor is disposed close to the lock mechanism and well protected from external access. The first microprocessor transmits a communication code to the second microprocessor when it receives via the input device an access code that matches a preset access code. The second microprocessor opens the lock if the transmitted communication code matches a preset communication code. The dual-microprocessor arrangement is advantageously used in a voice controlled access control system and in a motorcycle ignition control system. The present invention further provides an electronic access control system which has a master electronic key having a preset number of access, and an electronic alarm system for a bicycle that has a remote control mounted in the helmet of the rider.

Claims

1. A method of entering a user-programmed access code into a battery-powered electronic access control device having a keypad and a microprocessor-based control circuit including a microprocessor and a memory storing a permanent access code, comprising:

pressing a first key on the keypad to enter the user-programmed access code and trigger a transition of the microprocessor from a sleep mode with reduced power consumption to an operation mode, the user-programmed access code comprising the first key and at least one subsequent keypad entry;

pressing a program key on the keypad to indicate to the microprocessor initiation of a code programming operation, the program key being wired to one of multiple interrupt pins of the microprocessor;

entering the permanent access code using alpha numerical keys on the keypad;

after entering the permanent access code, entering the user-programmed access code using the alphanumerical keys of the keypad; and

,

wherein the keys on the keypad that trigger a transition of the microprocessor from a sleep mode with reduced power consumption to an operation mode include the alpha numerical keys.

2. A battery-powered electronic access control device comprising:

a keypad having at least one row of keys mounted thereon, comprising a program key, for pressing by a user to enter user input;

a microprocessor-based control circuit comprising a microprocessor and a non-volatile memory storing a permanent access code, the microprocessor having multiple inputs for receiving an interrupt signal, and the program key of the keypad being connected to one of the multiple inputs, the microprocessor being programmed to enter a sleep mode to conserve battery power between operations and to awaken from the sleep mode upon the pressing of a first key on the keypad used to enter an input code comprising the first key and at least one subsequent keypad entry;

the microprocessor-based control circuit being connected to the keypad for receiving user inputs entered through pressing the keys of the keypad, the microprocessor being configured to switch from the sleep mode into an operation mode and to enter a code programming operation in response to a pressing of the program key, receive a first key code through the keypad in response to detecting the pressing of the program key, compare the first key code with the permanent access code in the non-volatile memory, receive a second key code through the keypad, and store the second key code in the volatile memory as an access code for the access control device if the first key code matches the permanent access code in the non-volatile memory.

3. An electronic access control device as in claim 2, wherein the microprocessor is further configured to display an error message if it detects that the program key has been pressed out of sequence.

4. An electronic access control device as in claim 2, wherein the keypad further includes a clear key, and the microprocessor is further configured to wait for a pre-selected period of time in response to detecting a pressing of the clear key.

5. An electronic access control device as in claim 2, wherein the microprocessor is further configured to disable operation of the electronic access control device for a pre-selected period of time if the microprocessor has received a pre-selected number of invalid inputs consecutively entered through the keypad.

6. An electronic access control device as in claim 2, wherein the microprocessor is further configured to generate an error message if it detects a lapse of a pre-selected time between two consecutive keypad key entries.

7. An electronic access control device comprising:

a microprocessor-based control circuit comprising a microprocessor and a non-volatile memory containing a stored access code, the microprocessor having at least two interrupt inputs;

a battery for powering operation of the access control device;

a keypad having multiple keys connected to the interrupt inputs of the microprocessor, wherein pressing a first key on the keypad used to enter an input access code sends an interrupt signal to the microprocessor through one of the interrupt inputs, the input access code comprising the first key and at least one subsequent keypad entry; and

a lock actuator operatively controlled by the microprocessor,

the microprocessor being programmed to receive the input access code through the keypad, compare the input access code with the stored access code in the non-volatile memory, and activate the lock actuator if the input access code matches the stored access code, the microprocessor being further programmed to enter a sleep mode between operations to conserve battery power and to switch from the sleep mode to an operation mode upon receiving the interrupt signal through one of the interrupt inputs.

8. An electronic access control device as in claim 7 wherein the microprocessor-based control circuit includes a low-battery detection circuit that is enabled by the microprocessor in the operation mode for measuring a voltage of the battery and disabled when the microprocessor is in the sleep mode.

9. An electronic access control device as in claim 7 wherein the lock actuator includes a solenoid control circuit for energizing a solenoid, the solenoid control circuit being controlled by the microprocessor and being enabled when the microprocessor is in the operation mode, the solenoid control circuit having first and second energized states controlled by a timer to energize the solenoid in the first energized state for a pre-selected first time interval at a first power level to move a plunger of the solenoid into a refracted position, and subsequently to energize the solenoid in the second energized state at a second power level to maintain the plunger in the retracted position for a second pre-selected time interval, the second power level being non-zero and lower than the first power level.

10. An electronic access control device as in claim 7, wherein the keypad includes a program key connected to one of the interrupt inputs of the microprocessor, and wherein the microprocessor is programmed to enter a code programming sequence in response to a pressing of the program key, receive a first input code from the keypad, compare the first input code with the stored access code in the non-volatile memory, receive an additional access code from the keypad if the first input code matches the stored access code, and store the additional access code in the non-volatile memory.

11. An electronic access control device as in claim 7, further including a communication port connected to the microprocessor-based control circuit for sending an access code to the microprocessor-based control circuit for writing into the non-volatile memory to form the stored access code.

12. An electronic access control device as in claim 11, wherein the microprocessor is programmed to receive a serial number for said electronic access control device through the communication port and write the serial number into the non-volatile memory.

13. An electronic access control device as in claim 12, wherein the non-volatile memory further contains a serial number for said electronic access control device, and wherein the microprocessor is further programmed to transmit the serial number through the communication port.

14. An electronic access control device as in claim 7, further including a communication port connected to the microprocessor-based control circuit, and wherein the microprocessor is programmed to receive a read signal through the communication port and in response to the read signal to transmit the stored access code through the communication port.

15. A method comprising the steps of:

storing an access code within a non-volatile memory;

providing a wake-up signal in response to pressing a first key on a keypad used to enter an input code comprising the first key and at least one subsequent keypad entry;

waking-up a microprocessor for a period of time in response to the wake-up signal;

transmitting an input code to the microprocessor;

comparing the input code with the access code during the period of time;

activating a lock actuator if the input access code matches the access code;

entering a sleep mode after the period of time, wherein during the sleep mode the microprocessor operates at a lower power consumption rate than when the microprocessor is awake.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the access code is a permanent access code.

17. An apparatus comprising:

a non-volatile memory containing an access code;

a circuit generating a wake-up signal in response to pressing a first key on a keypad used in entering an input code comprising the first key and at least one subsequent keypad entry;

a processor that is woke-up for a period of time in response to the wake-up signal, compares the input code with the access code, and generates a signal to activate a lock actuator if the input code matches the access code;

wherein the processor enters a sleep mode after the period of time, the sleep mode causing the processor to operate at a lower power consumption rate than when the processor is awake.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the access code is a permanent access code.

19. The apparatus of claim 17 further comprising a low-battery detection circuit that is enabled by the processor for measuring a voltage of a battery and disabled when the processor is in the sleep mode.

20. The apparatus of claim 17 further comprising a solenoid control circuit for energizing a solenoid, the solenoid control circuit being controlled by the processor and being enabled when the processor is woke-up, the solenoid control circuit having first and second energized states controlled by a timer to energize the solenoid in the first energized state for a pre-selected first time interval at a first power level to move a plunger of the solenoid into a retracted position, and subsequently to energize the solenoid in the second energized state at a second power level to maintain the plunger in the retracted position for a second pre-selected time interval, the second power level being non-zero and lower than the first power level.

21. The apparatus of claim 17, the keypad comprising a program key connected to an interrupt input of the processor, and wherein the processor is programmed to enter a code programming sequence in response to a pressing of the program key, receive a first input code from the keypad, compare the first input code with the stored access code in the non-volatile memory, receive an additional access code from the keypad if the first input code matches the stored access code, and store the additional access code in the non-volatile memory.

22. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a communication port operatively connected to the processor for sending an access code to the processor for writing into the non-volatile memory to form the stored access code.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the processor is programmed to receive a serial number for the apparatus through the communication port and write the serial number into the non-volatile memory.

24. The apparatus of claim 17, further including a communication port operatively connected to the processor, and wherein the processor is programmed to receive a read signal through the communication port and in response to the read signal to transmit the access code through the communication port.

25. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the non-volatile memory further contains a serial number for the apparatus, and wherein the processor is further programmed to transmit the serial number through the communication port.

26. A battery-powered electronic access control device comprising:

a keypad having at least one row of keys mounted thereon, comprising a program key, for pressing by a user to enter user input;

a microprocessor-based control circuit comprising a microprocessor and a non-volatile memory storing a first access code, the microprocessor having multiple inputs for receiving an interrupt signal, and the program key of the keypad being connected to one of the multiple inputs, the microprocessor being programmed to enter a sleep mode to conserve battery power between operation and to awaken from the sleep mode upon the pressing of any of at least two keys on the keypad, including the keys on the keypad used to program the first access code;

the microprocessor-based control circuit being connected to the keypad for receiving user inputs entered through pressing the keys of the keypad, the microprocessor being configured to switch from the sleep mode into an operation mode and to enter a code programming operation in response to a pressing of the program key, receive a first key code through the keypad in response to detecting the pressing of the program key, compare the first key code with the first access code in the non-volatile memory, receive a second key code through the keypad, and store the second key code in the volatile memory as a new access code for the access control device if the first key code matches the first access code in the non-volatile memory.