System and method for providing rapid rerouting of real-time multi-media flows

• US 7,031,311 B2
• Filed: 07/23/2001
• Issued: 04/18/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Primary Network
• Original Assignee: Acme Packet Incorporated (Oracle Corporation)
• Inventors: Penfield, Robert F., Norton, Stephen E., Dobbins, Ephraim W., MeLampy, Patrick J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kizou, Hassan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cho, Hong Sol
• Application Number:
  US09/911,304
• Publication Number:
  US 20030016664A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,730 Days
• Field of Search: 370/392, 370/389, 370/252, 370/254, 370/351, 370/400, 370/401
• US Class Current: 370/392
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/3065 for real time traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/502 Frame based
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/20 Traffic policing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/22 Traffic shaping
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2416 Real-time traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2441 relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2503 Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2557 Translation policies or rules
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1101 Session protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1104 Session initiation protocol [SIP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/65 Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/80 Responding to QoS

Abstract

A system and method for providing rapid rerouting of real-time transport protocol (RTP) multi-media flows is disclosed. Generally, a first endpoint is connected to a second endpoint, wherein the first endpoint comprises a transceiver, software stored within the first endpoint defining functions to be performed by the first endpoint, and a processor configured by the software. The processor is configured to perform the steps of, performing flow processing on a data packet received at a first endpoint, from a second endpoint, removing a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) tag from the data packet, translating a source address and destination address of the data packet, and determining a forwarding destination if more than one destination address of the data packet is provided.

Claims

1. A method for providing rapid rerouting of real-time multi-media data flows, wherein each flow comprises packets flowing between a first endpoint and a second endpoint, wherein each endpoint comprises a network address and source port, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving a plurality of data packets at a first endpoint from a second endpoint, each of the packets corresponding to a first flow;

determining a translated source address and a translated destination address for each said data packet;

selecting one forwarding destination for each data packet from a plurality of forwarding destinations when more than one path to the translated destination address is available, wherein said selecting is based on flow quality statistics associated with the first flow;

performing flow processing, wherein said step of performing flow processing further comprises the steps of;

determining a source address and a destination address of said data packet;

determining if a flow transform record (FTR) is located within said first endpoint;

if said FTR exists within said first endpoint, retrieving said FTR and determining whether to translate said source address, said destination address, or both said source address and said destination address in accordance with said retrieved FTR;

determining if said data packet is a real-time control protocol (RTCP) data packet; and

if said data packet is an RTCP data packet, processing said RTCP data packet to determine flow quality statistics.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said data packet is a real-time protocol (RTP) data flow packet.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of removing a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) tag from said data packet.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said step of removing said MPLS tag from said data packet is performed if specified by a flow transform record located within said first endpoint.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of selecting one forwarding destination is performed by determining and analyzing flow quality statistics for each of the paths to the translated destination address.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of performing traffic measurement on said received data packet.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of applying quality of service characteristics to said data packet, wherein said application allows for guaranteed bandwidth for transmission of said data packet within a data flow.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said step of applying quality of service characteristics provides for policing and shaping of said data flow.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

detecting an interruption in a second flow received from a first one of the forwarding destinations; and

selecting a second forwarding destination as the one forwarding destination, responsive to detecting the interruption.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the detecting step further comprises:

starting a guard timer on receipt of a next packet in the second flow; and

detecting an interruption in the second flow responsive to expiration of the guard timer.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

detecting a failure in a link between the first endpoint and a first one of the forwarding destinations; and

selecting a second forwarding destination as the one forwarding destination, responsive to detecting the interruption.

12. A system for providing rapid rerouting of real-time multi-media data flows, wherein each flow comprises packets flowing between a first endpoint and a second endpoint, wherein each endpoint comprises a network address and source port, the system comprising:

a first endpoint, connected to a second endpoint, wherein said first endpoint comprises;

a transceiver;

software stored within said first endpoint defining functions to be performed by said first endpoint; and

a processor configured by said software to perform the steps of;

receiving a plurality of data packets at the first endpoint from the second endpoint, each of the packets corresponding to a first flow;

determining a translated source address and a translated destination address for each said data packet;

selecting one forwarding destination for each data packet from a plurality of forwarding destinations when more than one path to the translated destination address is available, wherein said selecting is based on flow quality statistics associated with the first flow;

performing flow processing, wherein said step of performing flow processing further comprises the steps of;

determining a source address and a destination address of said data packet;

determining if a flow transform record (FTR) is located within said first endpoint;

if said FTR exists within said first endpoint, retrieving said FTR and determining whether to translate said source address, said destination address, or both said source address and said destination address in accordance with said retrieved FTR;

determining if said data packet is a real-time control protocol (RTCP) data packet; and

if said data packet is an RTCP data packet, processing said RTCP data packet to determine one or more flow quality statistics.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein said data packet is a real-time protocol (RTP) data flow packet.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein said processor is further configured to perform the step of removing a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) tag from said data packet.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein said processor performs said step of removing said MPLS tag from said data packet if specified by a flow transform record located within said first endpoint.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein said step of selecting one forwarding destination is performed by determining and analyzing flow quality statistics for each of the paths to the translated destination address.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein said processor is further configured to perform the step of performing traffic measurement on said received data packet.

18. The system of claim 12, wherein said processor is further configured to perform the step of applying quality of service characteristics to said data packet, wherein said application allows for guaranteed bandwidth for transmission of said data packet within a data flow.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein said step of applying quality of service characteristics provides for policing and shaping of said data flow.

20. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to perform the steps of:

detecting an interruption in a second flow received from a first one of the forwarding destinations; and

selecting a second forwarding destination as the one forwarding destination, responsive to detecting the interruption.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein the processor is further configured to perform the steps of:

starting a guard timer on receipt of a next packet in the second flow; and

detecting an interruption in the second flow responsive to expiration of the guard timer.

22. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to perform the steps of:

detecting a failure in a link between the first endpoint and a first one of the forwarding destinations; and

selecting a second forwarding destination as the one forwarding destination, responsive to detecting the interruption.

23. A method for providing rapid rerouting of real-time multi-media data flows, wherein each flow comprises packets flowing between a first endpoint and a second endpoint, wherein each endpoint comprises a network address and source port, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving a plurality of data packets at a first endpoint from a second endpoint, each of the packets corresponding to a first flow;

determining a translated source address and a translated destination address for each said data packet;

selecting one forwarding destination for each data packet from a plurality of forwarding destinations when more than one path to the translated destination address is available, wherein said selecting is based on flow quality statistics associated with the first flow;

detecting a plurality of flow interruptions, each interruption being an interruption in one of a plurality of flows to a first one of the forwarding destinations;

determining the number of detected flow interruptions to be a substantial portion of the total number of flows from the first endpoint to the first one of the forwarding destinations; and

selecting a second forwarding destination as the one forwarding destination, responsive to the step of detecting the number of detected flow interruptions.

24. A system for providing rapid rerouting of real-time multi-media data flows, wherein each flow comprises packets flowing between a first endpoint and a second endpoint, wherein each endpoint comprises a network address and source port, the system comprising:

a first endpoint, connected to a second endpoint, wherein said first endpoint comprises;

a transceiver;

software stored within said first endpoint defining functions to be performed by said first endpoint; and

a processor configured by said software to perform the steps of;

receiving a plurality of data packets at the first endpoint from the second endpoint, each of the packets corresponding to a first flow;

determining a translated source address and a translated destination address for each said data packet; and

selecting one forwarding destination for each data packet from a plurality of forwarding destinations when more than one path to the translated destination address is available, wherein said selecting is based on flow quality statistics associated with the first flow;

detecting a plurality of flow interruptions, each interruption being an interruption in one of a plurality of flows to a first one of the forwarding destinations;

determining the number of detected flow interruptions to be a substantial portion of the total number of flows from the first endpoint to the first one of the forwarding destinations; and

selecting a second forwarding destination as the one forwarding destination, responsive to the step of detecting the number of detected flow interruptions.

25. A method for providing rapid rerouting of real-time multi-media data flows across multiple available paths in a network, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving a packet at a first media router, the packet belonging to a forward flow from a source endpoint to a destination endpoint;

detecting an interruption in a reverse flow from the destination endpoint to the source endpoint through the first media router;

selecting a forwarding destination from a plurality of forwarding destinations when more than one path to the destination endpoint is available, responsive to the interruption;

forwarding the packet to the selected forwarding destination.

detecting a plurality of reverse flow interruptions, each reverse flow interruption being an interruption in one of a plurality of reverse flows from the destination endpoint to the source endpoint through the first media router;

determining the number of detected reverse flow interruptions in the plurality to be a substantial portion of the total number of flows from the destination endpoint to the source endpoint through the first media router; and

selecting the forwarding destination, responsive to the step of detecting the number of detected reverse flow interruptions.

26. The method of claim 25, further comprising the steps of:

determining if the received packet is a real-time control protocol (RTCP) data packet; and

if the received data packet is an RTCP data packet, processing the RTCP data packet to produce one or more flow quality statistics associated with the forward flow.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein the detecting step further comprises:

starting a guard timer on receipt of a next packet in the reverse flow; and

detecting an interruption in the reverse flow responsive to expiration of the guard timer.

28. The method of claim 25, wherein said data packet is a real-time protocol (RTP) data flow packet.

29. The method of claim 25, further comprising the step of:

performing traffic measurement on the received packet.

30. The method of claim 25, further comprising the step of applying quality of service characteristics to said data packet, wherein said application allows for guaranteed bandwidth for transmission of the received packet within the forward flow.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein said step of applying quality of service characteristics provides for policing and shaping of said data flow.