Electro-optic displays
First Claim
1. An electrophoretic display comprising:
- an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid and confined within a plurality of capsules, the capsules being held within a polymeric binder, andtwo electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the electrodes being light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface through which an observer can view the display,the display having a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the electrophoretic medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium,the display further comprising insulating layers disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrophoretic display comprises an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid, and two electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium. At least one of the electrodes is light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface. The display has a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium. Insulating layers are disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium. Similarly electrophoretic displays are provided equipped with color filter arrays or reflectors.
438 Citations
35 Claims
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1. An electrophoretic display comprising:
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an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid and confined within a plurality of capsules, the capsules being held within a polymeric binder, and two electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the electrodes being light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface through which an observer can view the display, the display having a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the electrophoretic medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising insulating layers disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. An electrophoretic display comprising:
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an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid, and two electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the electrodes being light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface through which an observer can view the display, the display having a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the electrophoretic medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising insulating layers disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the insulating layers having a volume resistivity of about 109 to about 1011 ohm cm.
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13. An electrophoretic display comprising:
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an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid, and two electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the electrodes being light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface through which an observer can view the display, the display having a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the electrophoretic medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising insulating layers disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium, the insulating layer remote from the viewing surface being formed by an adhesive layer.
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14. An electrophoretic display comprising:
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an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid, the charged particles and the suspending fluid being present as a plurality of discrete droplets held within a continuous phase comprising a polymeric binder, and two electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the electrodes being light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface through which an observer can view the display, the display having a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the electrophoretic medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising insulating layers disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. An electrophoretic display comprising:
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an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid, and two electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the electrodes being light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface through which an observer can view the display, the display having a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the electrophoretic medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising insulating layers disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium; and voltage supply means for applying voltages to the two electrodes, the voltage supply means being arranged to supply both a high frequency alternating current voltage effective to drive the display to its open optical state and a low frequency alternating or direct current voltage effective to drive the display to its closed optical state. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. An electrophoretic display comprising:
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an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of charged particles suspended in a suspending fluid, the suspending fluid having dissolved or dispersed therein a polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of η
in the suspending fluid and being substantially free from ionic or ionizable groups in the suspending fluid, the polymer being present in the suspending fluid in a concentration of from about 0.5η
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1 to about 2.0η
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1; andtwo electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, at least one of the electrodes being light-transmissive and forming a viewing surface through which an observer can view the display, the display having a closed optical state in which the charged particles are spread over substantially the entire viewing surface so that light cannot pass through the electrophoretic medium, and an open optical state in which the electrophoretic particles form chains extending between the electrodes so that light can pass through the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising insulating layers disposed between the electrodes and the electrophoretic medium. - View Dependent Claims (35)
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Specification