Illumination system housing multiple LEDs and provided with corresponding conversion material

• US 7,132,785 B2
• Filed: 09/07/2004
• Issued: 11/07/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Signify North America Corporation (Signify N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Color Kinetics Incorporated (Signify N.V.)
• Inventors: Ducharme, Alfred D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Santiago, Mariceli
• Application Number:
  US10/935,329
• Publication Number:
  US 20050041424A1
• Time in Patent Office: 791 Days
• Field of Search: 313/485, 313/486, 313/501, 362/543, 362/545, 362/800, 362/84, 362/230, 362/235
• US Class Current: 313/501
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/64 using wavelength conversion means distinct or spaced from the light-generating element, e.g. a remote phosphor layer
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 13/08 the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements and reflectors
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 3/04 characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/32 characterised by the arrangement of the photoluminescent material
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/38 Combination of two or more photoluminescent elements of different materials
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2131/406 for theatres, stages or film studios
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2103/10 comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2113/13 comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2115/10 Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/20 Controlling the colour of the light
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/22 using optical feedback
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 47/165 following a pre-assigned programmed sequence; Logic control [LC]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 362/80 Light emitting diode

Abstract

An illumination system according to the principles of the invention may include a first LED and a carrier material. The carrier material may be comprised of plastic, synthetic material, polymer, latex, rubber or other material. The carrier material may also contain a phosphor, fluorescent material, organic fluorescent material, inorganic fluorescent material, impregnated phosphor, phosphor particles, phosphor material, YAG:Ce phosphor, or other material for converting electromagnetic radiation into illumination or visible light.

Claims

1. An illumination apparatus, comprising:

at least one first light emitting diode (LED) adapted to generate first radiation having a first spectrum;

at least one second LED adapted to generate second radiation having a second spectrum;

a housing coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED; and

at least one conversion material associated with only a portion of the housing and arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such that only one of the first radiation and the second radiation, when generated, substantially interacts with the at least one conversion material, the at least one conversion material configured to change at least one frequency component of a corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide at least one converted spectrum.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to down-convert the at least one frequency component of the corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such that at least some of the first radiation or the second radiation passes though the at least one conversion material.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the housing is configured to at least partially enclose the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED, and wherein the housing and the at least one conversion material are cooperatively arranged such that the one of the first radiation and the second radiation impinges upon a first side of the at least one conversion material and the at least one converted spectrum is provided on a second side of the at least one conversion material.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate variable color visible light from the apparatus based at least in part on the at least one converted spectrum.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of a polymeric material, a phosphorescent material, and a fluorescent material.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of latex and rubber.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of an impregnated phosphor and phosphor particles.

9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a YAG:

Ce phosphor.

10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of an inorganic fluorescent material and an organic fluorescent material.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material is integrated with the portion of the housing so as to form part of the housing itself.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one first LED includes at least one blue LED; and

the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the first spectrum.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one second LED includes at least one amber LED.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:

at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate from the apparatus substantially white light having a variable color temperature.

15. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such that both of the first radiation and the second radiation, when generated, impinge upon the at least one conversion material, and wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

16. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one second LED includes at least one amber LED;

the at least one conversion material is configured to down-convert the at least one frequency component of at least one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum;

the housing is configured to at least partially enclose the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED, wherein the housing and the at least one conversion material are cooperatively arranged such that the one of the first radiation and the second radiation impinges upon a first side of the at least one conversion material and the at least one converted spectrum is provided on a second side of the at least one conversion material;

and wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate variable light from the apparatus based at least in part on the at least one converted spectrum.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one conversion material includes rubber and a phosphorescent material.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein:

the at least one first LED includes at least one blue LED, and wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the first spectrum.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one controller is configured to independently control the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate from the apparatus substantially white light having a variable color temperature.

20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a first conversion material, wherein the apparatus further includes a second conversion material different from the first conversion material, and wherein the one of the first radiation and the second radiation selectively interacts with the first conversion material.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first and second different conversion materials are arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such that the one of the first radiation and the second radiation, when generated, impinges upon at least the first conversion material.

22. The illumination apparatus of claim 20, wherein:

the first and second different conversion materials are arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such the first radiation, when generated, impinges only upon the first conversion material and such that the second radiation, when generated, impinges only upon the second conversion material.

23. The illumination apparatus of claim 20, wherein:

the first and second different conversion materials are arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED such that only one of the first radiation and the second radiation impinges upon both of the first and second different conversion materials.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:

the first conversion material is configured to change at least a first frequency component of one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum to provide a first converted spectrum; and

the second conversion material is configured to change at least a second frequency component of the same one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum to provide a second converted spectrum different from the first converted spectrum.

25. The illumination apparatus of claim 20, wherein:

the first conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED such that the first radiation, when generated, impinges upon the first conversion material, the first conversion material configured to change at least one first frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide a first converted spectrum; and

the second conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED such that the first radiation, when generated, impinges upon the second conversion material, the second conversion material configured to change at least one second frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide a second converted spectrum different from the first converted spectrum,

wherein the first and second conversion materials are arranged with respect to the at least one first LED and at least one second LED such that essentially none of the second radiation impinges upon either of the first and second conversion materials.

26. The illumination apparatus of claim 20, wherein:

the first conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED such that the first radiation, when generated, impinges upon the first conversion material, the first conversion material configured to change at least one first frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide a first converted spectrum; and

the second conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED such that the first radiation, when generated, impinges upon the second conversion material, the second conversion material configured to change at least one second frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide a second converted spectrum different from the first converted spectrum,

wherein the at least one first LED includes at least one blue LED,

wherein the first conversion material is configured such that the first converted spectrum includes substantially white light having a relatively high color temperature; and

wherein the second conversion material is configured such that the second converted spectrum includes substantially white light having a relatively low color temperature.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the at least one second LED includes at least one amber LED, and wherein the apparatus further comprises:

at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation.

28. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein:

the at least one first LED includes at least one first blue LED;

the at least one second LED includes at least one second blue LED;

the first conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first blue LED such that the first radiation, when generated, impinges upon the first conversion material, the first conversion material configured to change at least one first frequency component of the first spectrum so as to provide a first converted spectrum; and

the second conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one second blue LED such that the second radiation, when generated, impinges upon the second conversion material, the second conversion material configured to change at least one second frequency component of the second spectrum so as to provide a second converted spectrum different from the first converted spectrum.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein:

the first conversion material is configured such that the first converted spectrum includes substantially white light having a relatively high color temperature; and

the second conversion material is configured such that the second converted spectrum includes substantially white light having a relatively low color temperature.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one controller is configured to independently control the first intensity of the first radiation generated by the at least one first blue LED and the second intensity of the second radiation generated by the at least one second blue LED so as to provide from the apparatus substantially white light having a variable color temperature based at least in part on the first converted spectrum and the second converted spectrum.

31. The illumination apparatus of claim 20, wherein:

the second spectrum is different from the first spectrum;

the first conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one first LED such that the first radiation, when generated, only impinges upon the first conversion material, the first conversion material configured to change at least one first frequency component of the first spectrum to create a third spectrum; and

the second conversion material is arranged with respect to the at least one second LED such that the second radiation, when generated, only impinges upon the second conversion material, the second conversion material configured to change at least one second frequency component of the second spectrum to create a fourth spectrum.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, further comprising:

at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate variable color visible light from the apparatus based at least in part on the third spectrum and the fourth spectrum.

33. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one first LED includes a plurality of first LEDs and the at least one second LED includes a plurality of second LEDs, wherein the plurality of first and second LEDs are disposed in a substantially linear arrangement; and

the housing has a substantially linear form.

34. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein the apparatus is configured to resemble a conventional neon lighting apparatus.

35. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein:

at least some of the plurality of first and second LEDs are disposed in a curved substantially linear arrangement; and

at least a portion of the at least one conversion material has a curved substantially linear form corresponding to the curved substantially linear arrangement.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the apparatus is configured to resemble a conventional neon lighting apparatus.

37. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of a polymeric material, a phosphorescent material, and a fluorescent material.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of latex and rubber.

39. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one phosphor-doped material.

40. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the phosphor-doped material includes a translucent material.

41. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a YAG:

Ce phosphor.

42. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein the at least one conversion material is integrated with the portion of the housing so as to form part of the housing itself.

43. The apparatus of claim 42, further comprising at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to vary the at least one converted spectrum.

44. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the at least one conversion material is arranged with respect to the plurality of first and second light emitting diodes such that at least some of the first radiation and the second radiation impinges upon the at least one conversion material.

45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to convert the at least one frequency component of the first spectrum and at least one frequency component of the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

46. The apparatus of claim 45, further comprising at least one controller configured to independently control a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to vary the at least one converted spectrum.

47. An illumination method, comprising acts of:

A) generating first radiation having a first spectrum from at least one first LED;

B) generating second radiation having a second spectrum from at least one second LED; and

C) irradiating at least one conversion material associated with only a portion of a housing with at least one of the first radiation and the second radiation such that only one of the first radiation and the second radiation substantially interacts with the at least one conversion material, the at least one conversion material configured to alter a corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide at least one converted spectrum.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to down-convert at least one frequency component of the corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

49. The method of claim 47, wherein the at least one conversion material is arranged such that at least some of the first radiation or the second radiation passes though the at least one conversion material.

50. The method of claim 47, further comprising an act of:

D) independently controlling a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate variable color visible light based at least in part on the at least one converted spectrum.

51. The method of claim 47, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of a polymeric material, a phosphorescent material, and a fluorescent material.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a YAG:

Ce phosphor.

53. The method of claim 51, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of an inorganic fluorescent material and an organic fluorescent material.

54. The method of claim 51, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of latex and rubber.

55. The method of claim 51, wherein the at least one conversion material includes at least one of an impregnated phosphor and phosphor particles.

56. The method of claim 47, wherein the at least one conversion material is arranged with respect to the first radiation and the second radiation such that only the one of the first radiation and the second radiation irradiates the at least one conversion material so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

58. The method of claim 56, wherein:

the first radiation includes radiation generated by at least one blue LED; and

the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the first spectrum.

59. The method of claim 58, wherein the second radiation includes radiation generated by at least one amber LED.

60. The method of claim 59, further comprising an act of:

independently controlling a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate substantially white light having a variable color temperature.

61. The method of claim 47, wherein the at least one conversion material is arranged with respect to the first radiation and the second radiation such that both of the first radiation and the second radiation irradiate the at least one conversion material.

62. The method of claim 61, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to change at least one first frequency component of only the corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

63. The illumination method of claim 47, wherein:

the at least one conversion material includes a first conversion material;

the method further comprises an act of irradiating a second conversion material with at least one of the first radiation and the second radiation, the second conversion material being different than the first conversion material; and

the first conversion material and the second conversion material are arranged such that the first radiation selectively interacts with only the first conversion material and such that the second radiation selectively interacts with only the second conversion material.

64. The method of claim 47, wherein the at least one conversion material includes a first conversion material, wherein the act C) further comprises an act of irradiating a second conversion material different than the first conversion material, and wherein the one of the first radiation and the second radiation selectively interacts with the first conversion material.

65. The method of claim 64, wherein the first and second different conversion materials are arranged with respect to the first radiation and the second radiation such that the one of the first radiation and the second radiation irradiates at least the first conversion material.

66. The method of claim 65, wherein the first and second different conversion materials are arranged with respect to the first radiation and the second radiation such that at least one of the first radiation and the second radiation irradiates both of the first and second different conversion materials.

67. The illumination method of claim 64,

wherein the act C) includes acts of:

irradiating the first conversion material only with the first radiation; and

irradiating the second conversion material only with the second radiation.

68. The illumination method of claim 64, wherein:

only one of the first radiation and the second radiation impinges upon both of the first and second different conversion materials.

69. The method of claim 68, wherein:

the first conversion material is configured to change at least a first frequency component of one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum to provide a first converted spectrum; and

the second conversion material is configured to change at least a second frequency component of the same one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum to provide a second converted spectrum different from the first converted spectrum.

70. The illumination method of claim 47, wherein:

the second radiation has a second spectrum different from the first spectrum; and

the at least one conversion material is arranged with respect to the first radiation and the second radiation such that only one of the first radiation and the second radiation irradiates the at least one conversion material.

71. The method of claim 70, wherein the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the corresponding one of the first spectrum and the second spectrum so as to provide the at least one converted spectrum.

72. The method of claim 70, wherein:

the first radiation includes radiation generated by at least one blue LED; and

the at least one conversion material is configured to alter only the first spectrum.

73. The method of claim 72, wherein the second radiation includes radiation generated by at least one amber LED.

74. The method of claim 73, further comprising an act of:

independently controlling a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation so as to generate substantially white light having a variable color temperature.