Singleton abstract model correspondence to multiple physical models

• US 7,139,774 B2
• Filed: 06/12/2003
• Issued: 11/21/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/12/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Rath, Cale T., Wall, David A., Dettinger, Richard D., Stevens, Richard J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Coby, Frantz
• Application Number:
  US10/459,733
• Publication Number:
  US 20040254939A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,258 Days
• Field of Search: 707/100, 707/101, 707/102, 707/103.R, 707/104.1, 707/200
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/2452 Query translation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/2457 with adaptation to user needs
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99942 Manipulating data structure, e.g. compression, compaction, compilation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99943 Generating database or data structure, e.g. via user interface
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99944 Object-oriented database structure
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99945 Object-oriented database structure processing

Abstract

A method, system and article of manufacture for accessing data in a database independent of the particular manner in which the data is physically represented and for providing an abstract representation of the data in the database. One embodiment provides a method of architecting a logical representation of physical data in a database comprising providing a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields, and providing, on the basis of the template data abstraction model, a logical representation of the physical data, the logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing an abstract view of the physical data and adapted for transforming logical fields of abstract queries into a form consistent with the physical data in the database.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method of generating a logical representation of physical data in one or more databases, comprising:

providing a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields, wherein the template data abstraction model defines a generic abstract view of data; and

programmatically generating, on the basis of the template data abstraction model, a plurality of logical representations of the physical data, each logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing an abstract view of different portions of the physical data and adapted for transforming logical fields of abstract queries into a form consistent with the physical data In the one or more database.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the template data abstraction model comprises:

determining, from a physical representation of the physical data, one or more sets of similar data structures of the one or more databases; and

creating a template logic field for each set of the one or more determined sets of similar data structures.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein each template logical field comprises generic data location metadata;

and wherein providing the logical representation comprises, for each template logical field;

determining whether particular physical data of the database satisfies the generic data location metadata of the template logical field; and

if so, creating a corresponding one of the plurality of logical fields with specific data location metadata mapping the corresponding one logical field to particular physical data of the one or more databases.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the logical representation is done prior to issuing an abstract query against the physical data in the one or more databases.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the logical representation is done at runtime when issuing an abstract query against the physical data in the one or more databases.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the physical representation is one of a relational, a hierarchical and an XML database schema.

32. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of logical field definitions in the logical representations each comprise a logical field name, at least one location attribute identifying a location of physical data corresponding to the logical field name, and a reference to an access method selected from at least two different access method types;

wherein each of the different access methods types defines a different manner of exposing the physical data corresponding to the logical field name of the respective logical field definition.

7. A method of generating a relationship between a logical representation of physical data in a database and a physical representation of the physical data, the method comprising:

providing a plurality of databases, each database having an associated plurality of database data structures;

providing a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields, each template logical field defining a generic abstract view of a set of similar database data structures;

receiving an abstract query having a plurality of query logical fields, each query logical field being generically defined by one of the template logical fields; and

for each database of the plurality of databases;

determining whether the associated plurality of database data structures of the database includes all database data structures needed to satisfy the abstract query; and

if it is determined that the associated plurality of database data structures of the database includes all database data structures needed to satisfy the abstract query, generating the logical representation for the physical data using the template data abstraction model, the logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing an abstract view of the physical data and adapted for transforming the query logical fields into a form consistent with the physical data in the database.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising, if it is determined that the associated plurality of database data structures of the plurality of databases does not include database data structures needed to satisfy the abstract query:

notifying an operator that the abstract query cannot be processed.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the physical representation is one of a relational, a hierarchical and an XML database schema.

10. A method of providing access to physical data in a database having a particular physical data representation, comprising:

providing two or more logical representations, each logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields collectively providing a separate abstract view of at least one portion of the physical data;

receiving an abstract query from the requesting entity, wherein the abstract query comprises references to a plurality of logical fields defined in at least one of the logical representations; and

selecting, on the basis of the plurality of logical fields referenced in the abstract query, one of the two or more logical representations to use in transforming the abstract query into a form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein selecting the one logical representation comprises:

for each logical representation of the two or more logical representations;

comparing the plurality of logical fields defined in the logical representation with the plurality of logical fields referenced in the abstract query; and

if the plurality of logical fields defined in the logical representation includes the plurality of logical field referenced in the abstract query, using the logical representation for transforming the abstract query into the form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein using the one logical representation comprises using the plurality of logical fields defined in the one logical representation for transforming the plurality of logical field referenced in the abstract query into the form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein providing two or more logical representations comprises:

providing a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields; and

providing, on the basis of the template data abstraction model, the two or more logical representations.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein each template logical field comprises generic data location metadata;

and wherein providing the two or more logical representations comprises, for each template logical field;

determining whether particular physical data of the database satisfies the generic data location metadata of the template logical field; and

if so, creating a corresponding one of the plurality of logical fields with specific data location metadata mapping the corresponding one logical field to the particular physical data of the database.

15. A computer readable storage medium containing a program which, when executed, performs an operation of generating a logical representation of physical data in one or more databases, the operation comprising:

retrieving a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields, wherein the template data abstraction model defines a generic abstract view of data; and

generating, on the basis of the template data abstraction model, a plurality of logical representations of the physical data, each logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing a separate abstract view of different portions of the physical data and adapted for transforming logical fields of abstract queries into a form consistent with the physical data in the one or more databases.

16. The computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein each template logical field comprises generic data location metadata;

and wherein generating the logical representation comprises, for each template logical field;

determining, from a physical representation of the physical data, one or more sets of similar data structures of the one or more databases; and

creating a template logic field for each set of the one or more determined sets of similar data structures.

17. The computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein generating the logical representation is done prior to issuing an abstract query against the physical data in the one or more databases.

18. The computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein generating the logical representation is done at runtime when issuing an abstract query against the physical data in the one or more databases.

19. The computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the physical representation is one of a relational, a hierarchical and an XML database scheme.

20. A computer readable storage medium containing a program which, when executed, performs an operation of generating a relationship between a logical representation of physical data in a database and a physical representation of the physical data, the operation comprising:

retrieving a plurality of databases, each database having an associated plurality of database data structures;

retrieving a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields, each template logical field defining a generic abstract view of a set of similar database data structures;

receiving an abstract query having a plurality of query logical fields, each query logical field being generically defined by one of the template logical fields; and

for each database of the plurality of databases;

determining whether the associated plurality of database data structures of the database includes all database data structures needed to satisfy the abstract query; and

if it is determined that the associated plurality of database data structures of the database includes all database data structures needed to satisfy the abstract query, using the template data abstraction model to generate the logical representation for the physical data, the logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing an abstract view of the physical data and adapted for transforming the query logical fields into a form consistent with the physical data in the database.

21. The computer readable storage medium of claim 20, further comprising, if it is determined that the associated plurality of database data structures of any one of the plurality of databases does not include all query data structures:

notifying an operator that the abstract query cannot be processed.

22. The computer readable storaae medium of claim 20, wherein the physical representation is one of a relational, a hierarchical and an XML database schema.

23. A computer readable storage medium containing a program which, when executed, performs an operation of providing access to physical data in a database having a particular physical data representation, the operation comprising:

retrieving two or more logical representations, each logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields collectively providing a separate abstract view of at least one portion of the physical data;

receiving an abstract query from the requesting entity, wherein the abstract query comprises references fo a plurality of logical fields defined in at least one of the logical representations; and

selecting, on the basis of the plurality of logical fields referenced in the abstract query, one of the two or more logical representations to use in transforming the abstract query into a form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data.

24. The computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein selecting the one logical representation comprises:

for each logical representation of the two or more logical representations;

comparing the plurality of logical fields defined in the logical representation with the plurality of logical fields referenced in the abstract query; and

if the plurality of logical fields defined in the logical representation includes the plurality of logical field referenced in the abstract query, using the logical representation for transforming the abstract query into the form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data.

25. The computer readable storage medium of claim 24, wherein using the one logical representation comprises using the plurality of logical fields defined in the one logical representation for transforming the plurality of logical field referenced in the abstract query into the form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data.

26. The computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein retrieving two or more logical representations comprises:

retrieving a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields; and

generating, on the basis of the template data abstraction model, the two or more logical representations.

27. The computer readable storage medium of claim 26, wherein each template logical field comprises generic data location metadata;

and wherein generating the two or more logical representations comprises, for each template logical field;

determining whether particular physical data of the database satisfies the generic data location metadata of the template logical field; and

if so, creating a corresponding one of the plurality of logical fields with specific data location metadata mapping the corresponding one logical field to the particular physical data of the database.

28. A computer, comprising:

a database for storing data; and

a template processor configured for generating a logical representation of physical data in a database, the generating comprising;

retrieving a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields; and

generating, on the basis of the template data abstraction model, the logical representation of the physical data, the logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing an abstract view of the physical data and adapted for transforming logical fields of abstract queries Into a form consistent with the physical data in the database.

29. A computer, comprising:

a database for storing data; and

a template processor configured for generating a relationship between a logical representation of physical data in a database and a physical representation of the physical data, the generating comprising;

retrieving a plurality of databases, each database having an associated plurality of database data structures;

retrieving a template data abstraction model defining template logical fields, each template logical field defining a generic abstract view of a set of similar database data structures;

receiving an abstract query against physical data included in one or more of the plurality of databases, the abstract query having a plurality of query logical fields for corresponding query data structures, each query logical field being generically defined by one of the template logical fields; and

for each database of the plurality of databases;

determining whether the associated plurality of database data structures of the database includes all query data structures; and

if it is determined that the associated plurality of database data structures of the database includes all query data structures, generating the logical representation for the physical data using the template data abstraction model, the logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing an abstract view of the physical data and adapted for transforming the query logical fields into a form consistent with the physical data in the database.

30. A computer, comprising:

a database for storing data; and

a processor configured for performing an operation of providing access to physical data in a database having a particular physical data representation, the operation comprising;

retrieving two or more logical representations, each logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields collectively providing a separate abstract view of at least one portion of the physical data;

receiving an abstract query from the requesting entity, wherein the abstract query comprises references to a plurality of logical fields defined in at least one of the logical representations; and

selecting, on the basis of the plurality of logical fields referenced in the abstract query, one of the two or more logical representations to use in transforming the abstract query into a form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data.

31. A data structure residing in memory and comprising:

a template data abstraction model being configured for generation of a logical representation for at least one portion of physical data in a database, the logical representation defining a plurality of logical fields providing an abstract view of the at least one portion of the physical data and adapted for transformation of logical fields of abstract queries into a form consistent with the at least one portion of the physical data in the database, the template data abstraction model including;

a plurality of template logical fields defining a generic abstract view of the physical data in the database, each template logical field having generic data location metadata for generically representing a relationship between a specific logical field of the plurality of logical fields and a corresponding specific physical data item in the database.