Method and apparatus for mapping pulses to a non-fixed layout

• US 7,145,954 B1
• Filed: 08/15/2000
• Issued: 12/05/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/12/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: TDC Acquisition Holdings, Inc (Humatics Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Time Domain Corporation (Humatics Corporation)
• Inventors: Richards, James L., Roberts, Mark D., Pendergrass, Marcus H.
• Primary Examiner(s): PHU, PHUONG M
• Application Number:
  US09/638,151
• Time in Patent Office: 2,303 Days
• Field of Search: 375/138, 375/239, 375/242, 375/247
• US Class Current: 375/247
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7172 Pulse shape in general H04L25/03834
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7176 Data mapping, e.g. modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/719 Interference-related aspects

Abstract

A coding method, specifies temporal and/or non-temporal pulse characteristics, where pulse characteristic values are relative to one or more non-fixed reference characteristic values within at least one delta value range or discrete delta value layout. The method allocates allowable and non-allowable regions relative to the one ore more non-fixed references. The method applies a delta code relative to the allowable and non-allowable regions. The allowable and non-allowable regions are relative to one or more definable characteristic values within a characteristic value layout. The one or more definable characteristic values are relative to one or more characteristic value references. In addition, the one or more characteristic value references can be a characteristic value of a given pulse such as a preceding pulse or a succeeding pulse.

Claims

1. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes;

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference;

(c) allocating allowable and non-allowable characteristic regions relative to said at least one non-fixed reference; and

(d) applying the delta code relative to said allowable and non-allowable characteristic regions.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said allowable and non-allowable characteristic regions are relative to at least one definable characteristic value within a layout.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said at least one definable characteristic value is relative to at least one reference.

4. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=axⁿ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1, and n is a nonzero integer.

5. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax<sup>−

1</sup> mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

6. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

7. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax² mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

8. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax³ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

9. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=axⁿ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1, and n is a nonzero integer.

10. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax<sup>−

1</sup> mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

11. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

12. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax² mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

13. A method for coding at least one characteristic of at least one pulse within a pulse train, comprising the steps of:

(a) specifying pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference in accordance with a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein the pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes; and

(b) applying said delta code relative to said at least one non-fixed reference, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax³ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

14. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein allowable and non-allowable characteristic regions are allocated relative to said at least one non-fixed reference and said delta code is applied relative to said allowable and non-allowable characteristic regions.

15. The impulse transmission system of claim 14, wherein said allowable and non-allowable characteristic regions are relative to at least one definable characteristic value within a layout.

16. The impulse transmission system of claim 15, wherein said at least one definable characteristic value is relative to at least one reference.

17. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=axⁿ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1, and n is a nonzero integer.

18. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax<sup>−

1</sup> mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

19. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

20. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax² mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

21. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the sequential delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Sequential Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax³ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

22. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=axⁿ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1, and n is a nonzero integer.

23. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax<sup>−

1</sup> mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

24. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

25. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax² mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.

26. An impulse transmission system comprising:

a Ultra Wideband Transmitter;

a Ultra Wideband Receiver; and

said Ultra Wideband Transmitter and said Ultra Wideband Receiver employ a delta code of a plurality of delta codes, wherein said delta code specifies pulse characteristics relative to at least one non-fixed reference, wherein said pulse characteristics define one of a plurality of communication channels defined by said plurality of delta codes, wherein the delta code is a deterministic delta code, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the iterative delta code generation methodology, wherein the deterministic delta code is generated using the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology, wherein the rational function employed in the Rational Congruential Iterative Delta Code generation methodology is of the form ƒ

(x;

a)=ax³ mod M, where ƒ

is a function of variable x, M is an integer modulus, a is a parameter, with possible values of 1, 2, . . . M−

1.