Systems and methods for peritoneal dialysis
First Claim
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1. A system for providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the system comprising:
- a catheter having an inflow lumen and an outflow lumen in communication with the patient'"'"'s peritoneal cavity;
a fluid circuit in fluid communication with the catheter thereby defining a closed fluid path capable of circulating a therapy fluid into, through and out of the peritoneal cavity;
a first supply of the therapy fluid including a dialysate coupled to the fluid circuit;
a cycler that pumps the dialysate into the fluid circuit and circulates the dialysate along the closed fluid path during a treatment period to remove a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
a second supply of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cycler can pump the second supply of fluid into the fluid circuit during the treatment period;
a cleaning device coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cleaning device is capable of removing solutes including at least a portion of urea from the therapy fluid as it circulates along the closed fluid path;
a reservoir coupled fluidly to the fluid circuit via the cycler and one or more pumps and branching off the closed loop for moving fluid at a controlled flowrate from the fluid circuit to the reservoir and from the reservoir to the fluid circuit, and wherein the reservoir is adapted to provide a variable increase in volume capacity to the fluid circuit allowing the system to compensate for an increase in fluid volume in the fluid circuit during treatment; and
a discharge path coupled to the fluid circuit allowing the fluid circuit to be drained of fluid after the treatment period.
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Abstract
Systems and methods relating to dialysis therapy, particularly continuous flow dialysis therapy, are provided. The present invention includes a single closed fluid path along which a minimal amount of therapy fluid including dialysate is fed into, continuously circulated and cleaned such that a therapeutic effective amount of solutes, excess water and the like can be removed from the patient connected to the closed fluid loop during treatment.
353 Citations
38 Claims
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1. A system for providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the system comprising:
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a catheter having an inflow lumen and an outflow lumen in communication with the patient'"'"'s peritoneal cavity; a fluid circuit in fluid communication with the catheter thereby defining a closed fluid path capable of circulating a therapy fluid into, through and out of the peritoneal cavity; a first supply of the therapy fluid including a dialysate coupled to the fluid circuit; a cycler that pumps the dialysate into the fluid circuit and circulates the dialysate along the closed fluid path during a treatment period to remove a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient; a second supply of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cycler can pump the second supply of fluid into the fluid circuit during the treatment period; a cleaning device coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cleaning device is capable of removing solutes including at least a portion of urea from the therapy fluid as it circulates along the closed fluid path; a reservoir coupled fluidly to the fluid circuit via the cycler and one or more pumps and branching off the closed loop for moving fluid at a controlled flowrate from the fluid circuit to the reservoir and from the reservoir to the fluid circuit, and wherein the reservoir is adapted to provide a variable increase in volume capacity to the fluid circuit allowing the system to compensate for an increase in fluid volume in the fluid circuit during treatment; and a discharge path coupled to the fluid circuit allowing the fluid circuit to be drained of fluid after the treatment period. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method of providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication with a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient; supplying a source of the fluid including a dialysate to the fluid circuit; circulating the dialysate along the closed fluid path; branching a container off the closed fluid path and communicating the container fluidly with a circulator of the dialysate via one or more pumps to increase a volume capacity of the fluid circuit to compensate for an increase in fluid volume in the fluid circuit by moving fluid from the fluid circuit to the container and from the container to the fluid circuit at controlled flowrates with the one or more pumps; removing an amount of solutes from the fluid as the fluid circulates along the closed fluid path; and draining the fluid circuit of fluid after treatment. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method of providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication to a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a therapy fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient; supplying a first source of a therapy fluid including a dialysate to the fluid circuit; supplying a second source of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution to the fluid circuit; circulating the therapy fluid along the closed fluid path; branching a container off the closed fluid path and communicating the container fluidly with a circulator of the therapy fluid from the fluid circuit to the container and from the container to the fluid circuit at a controlled flowrate to increase a volume capacity of the fluid circuit to compensate for an increase in fluid volume due to the ultrafiltrate and the osmotic agent solution; removing an amount of solutes including a therapeutically effective portion of urea from the therapy fluid as the therapy fluid circulates; and draining the fluid circuit of fluid after treatment. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A method of providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication to a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a therapy fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient; supplying a first source of therapy fluid including a dialysate to the fluid circuit; supplying a second source of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution to the fluid circuit; circulating the dialysate and the osmotic agent solution along the closed fluid path; removing a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the therapy fluid including a therapeutically effective portion of urea; and pumping fluid from the fluid circuit at a controlled and effective rate into a container via a pump and pumping the fluid from the container via the same pump or another pump into the fluid circuit to compensate for an increase in fluid volume due to the second supply of the therapy fluid and the ultrafiltrate. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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33. A method of reducing an amount of dialysate used during dialysis therapy, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication to a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient; supplying a source of the fluid including a dialysate in an amount of about 6 liters or less to the fluid circuit; circulating the dialysate along the closed fluid path; branching a container off the closed fluid path and communicating the container fluidly with a circulator of the dialysate at a controlled flowrate from the fluid path to the container and from the container to the fluid path to increase a volume capacity of the fluid circuit to compensate for an increase in fluid volume in the fluid circuit due to removal of the ultrafiltrate from the patient; and removing an amount of solutes from the therapy fluid as the therapy fluid is continuously circulated. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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Specification