Apparatus and method for closed-loop intracranial stimulation for optimal control of neurological disease
DCFirst Claim
1. A neurological control system for modulating the activity of at least one nervous system component, the neurological control system comprising:
- at least one intracranial stimulating electrode, each constructed and arranged to deliver a neural modulation signal to at least one nervous system component;
at least one sensor, each constructed and arranged to sense at least one parameter that comprises at least one of physiologic values and neural signals, which is indicative or predictive of a seizure; and
a stimulating and recording unit constructed and arranged to generate said neural modulation signal based upon a neural response sensed by said at least one sensor in response to a previously delivered neural modulation signal.
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Abstract
A neurological control system for modulating activity of any component or structure comprising the entirety or portion of the nervous system, or any structure interfaced thereto, generally referred to herein as a “nervous system component.” The neurological control system generates neural modulation signals delivered to a nervous system component through one or more intracranial (IC) stimulating electrodes in accordance with treatment parameters. Such treatment parameters may be derived from a neural response to previously delivered neural modulation signals sensed by one or more sensors, each configured to sense a particular characteristic indicative of a neurological or psychiatric condition.
913 Citations
85 Claims
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1. A neurological control system for modulating the activity of at least one nervous system component, the neurological control system comprising:
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at least one intracranial stimulating electrode, each constructed and arranged to deliver a neural modulation signal to at least one nervous system component; at least one sensor, each constructed and arranged to sense at least one parameter that comprises at least one of physiologic values and neural signals, which is indicative or predictive of a seizure; and a stimulating and recording unit constructed and arranged to generate said neural modulation signal based upon a neural response sensed by said at least one sensor in response to a previously delivered neural modulation signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. An apparatus for modulating the activity of at least one nervous system component, said system comprising:
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means for monitoring parameters that are indicative or predictive of a seizure; means for delivering neural modulation signals to said nervous system component when the means for monitoring indicate or predict the onset of the seizure; means for sensing a neural response to said neural modulation signals; and controller means for modulating parameters of a subsequent neural modulation signal based on the sensed neural response to a previously delivered neural modulation signal. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A system for neural modulation in the treatment of disease, comprising:
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a system enclosure, in mechanical communication with a calvarium; a control circuit positioned within said system enclosure and in electronic communication with a signal processor; an output stage circuit in electronic communication with said control circuit; a stimulating electrode array, in electronic communication with said output circuit; an intracranial catheter that is attached to said stimulating electrode array; and a microelectrode attached to a microelectrode shaft which is positioned along a longitudinal axis of said intracranial catheter. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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39. An intracranial catheter for use in the treatment of disease, comprising at least one stimulating electrode and at least one microelectrode,
wherein said microelectrode is attached to a microelectrode shaft which is positioned along the longitudinal axis of said intracranial catheter.
- 42. An intracranial catheter for use in the treatment of disease, the intracranial catheter comprising at least one stimulating electrode and at least one microelectrode, wherein said microelectrode is attached to a microelectrode shaft which is parallel to a longitudinal axis of said intracranial catheter.
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49. A method of managing a neurological or psychiatric disease state, the method comprising:
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measuring one or more signals from a patient'"'"'s brain; extracting at least one parameter from the one or more signals that are predictive of future symptomatology of a neurological or psychiatric disease; delivering a neural modulation signal to the patient when the one or more signals predict an onset of the symptomatology; monitoring a patient'"'"'s response to the neural modulation signal; processing the patient'"'"'s response to the neural modulation signal to derive at least one parameter of a subsequent neural modulation signal; and delivering the subsequent neural modulation signal to the patient if the response to the neural modulation signal indicates that the subsequent neural modulation signal is needed. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67)
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68. A method, comprising:
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delivering electrical stimulation to a vagus nerve of a patient; monitoring a brain activity response to the electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve; and delivering a subsequent electrical stimulation to the patient if brain activity response indicates that the subsequent electrical stimulation is needed, wherein monitoring the brain activity response comprises identifying action potentials in individual neurons in the patient'"'"'s brain. - View Dependent Claims (69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74)
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75. A method, comprising:
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delivering electrical stimulation to a vagus nerve of a patient; monitoring a brain activity response to the electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve; deriving parameters of a subsequent electrical stimulation signal from the brain activity response to the electrical stimulation signal; and delivering the subsequent electrical stimulation to the patient if brain activity response indicates that the subsequent electrical stimulation is needed.
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76. A method of managing epilepsy, comprising:
- monitoring parameters of a patient'"'"'s brain activity to predict an onset of a seizure;
delivering a first neural modulation signal to the patient when the monitored parameters of a patient'"'"'s brain activity indicate undesirable brain activity that is predictive of the onset of a seizure; monitoring a patient'"'"'s brain activity response after delivering the first neural modulation signal; and delivering a second neural modulation signal to the patient if the monitored brain activity response indicates that said patient'"'"'s brain activity is undesirable, wherein monitoring the patient'"'"'s brain activity response comprises identifying action potentials in individual neurons in the patient'"'"'s brain. - View Dependent Claims (77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83)
- monitoring parameters of a patient'"'"'s brain activity to predict an onset of a seizure;
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84. A method of managing epilepsy, comprising:
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monitoring parameters of a patient'"'"'s brain activity to predict an onset of a seizure; delivering a first neural modulation signal to the patient when the monitored parameters of a patient'"'"'s brain activity indicate undesirable brain activity that is predictive of the onset of a seizure; monitoring a patient'"'"'s brain activity response after delivering the first neural modulation signal; deriving parameters of a second neural modulation signal from the patient'"'"'s brain activity response to the first neural modulation signal, delivering the second neural modulation signal to the patient if the monitored brain activity response indicates that said patient'"'"'s brain activity is undesirable. - View Dependent Claims (85)
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Specification