Wireless medical diagnosis and monitoring equipment

• US 7,215,991 B2
• Filed: 03/24/2003
• Issued: 05/08/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 09/04/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Body Science LLC (Acacia Research Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bax, Ralph, Besson, Marcus, von Czettriz, Gotthart
• Primary Examiner(s): Getzow; Scott M.
• Application Number:
  US10/396,621
• Publication Number:
  US 20040015058A1
• Time in patent office: 1,506 Days
• Field of Search: 600/509, 600/513, 600/519, 600/523, 607/60
• US Class Current: 600/509
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0219 of externally powered implanted units
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0271 using a remote monitoring unit
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0412 Low-profile patch shaped housings
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0468 Built-in electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/028 Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/002 Monitoring the patient using a local or closed circuit, e.g. in a room or building A61B5/0017 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4035 Evaluating the autonomic nervous system
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6825 Hand
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6826 Finger
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6838 Clamps or clips
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45103 Non-folded cascode stages
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/903 Radio telemetry

Abstract

A medical diagnosis and monitoring system having at least one sensor for detecting an electrical, physical, chemical, or biological property of a patient such as, but not limited to, EEG- and EKG-signals, respiration, oxygen saturation, temperature, perspiration, etc. A digital-to-analog converter coupled to the sensor and a digital transmitter and receiver for wireless digital two-way communication with an evaluator station.

Claims

1. A medical system for monitoring body functions of a patient comprising:

at least one sensor capable of being arranged on the patient and operable to detect an electrical, physical, chemical, or biological property associated with the patient, and operable to convert the detected property into an electric signal;

at least one converter coupled to the sensor, the converter operable to convert the electric signal generated by the sensor into digital data;

at least one transmitter coupled to the converter, the transmitter operable to wirelessly transmit the digital data to an evaluator station located remotely from the patient; and

at least one receiver operable to receive information through wireless communication, the information including formatting data transmitted by the evaluator station, the formatting data operable to change a format for transmission of the digital data from the transmitter to the evaluator station.

2. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor, converter, transmitter, and receiver are integrated in one semiconductor chip.

3. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor is capable of being fastened to a surface of a skin of the patient.

4. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor is capable of being in contact with a finger of the patient.

5. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor is located in a fingerclip.

6. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor, the converter, the transmitter, and the receiver are operable to be worn on a body of the patient with the sensor in contact with the body.

7. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor, the converter, the transmitter, and the receiver are arranged in a bracelet.

8. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor is placed on a wrist of the patient and wherein the medical system measures oxygen saturation.

9. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor, the converter, the transmitter, and the receiver are arranged on a garment.

10. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor, the converter, the transmitter, and the receiver are arranged on a mattress.

11. The medical system of claim 1 wherein oxygen saturation is measured.

12. The medical system of claim 1 wherein a pulse of the patient is monitored.

13. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the received information is operable to change an amount of redundancy in the digital data.

14. A medical system according to claim 13 wherein the received information is operable to change channel coding of the digital data.

15. A medical system according to claim 14 wherein the channel coding comprises a deterministic code.

16. A medical system according to claim 14 wherein the channel coding comprises stochastic code.

17. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the evaluator station is operable to perform forward error correction.

18. A medical system according to claim 1 further comprising an error correction unit operable to perform error correction on the information received by the at least one receiver.

19. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein a second receiver is operable to receive information from the evaluator station.

20. A medical system according to claim 19 wherein the second receiver is on a different patient than the at least one receiver.

21. The medical system of claim 20 wherein the evaluator station is operable to communicate with both the at least one receiver and the second receiver.

22. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein a second transmitter is operable to transmit digital data from the patient.

23. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein a second transmitter is operable to transmit digital data from a second patient.

24. The medical system of claim 1 in which the at least one sensor is in contact with a body of the patient and another sensor in contact with a second body.

25. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the evaluator station is operable to perform error correction on the digital data transmitted by the at least one transmitter.

26. The medical system of claim 1 further including a cover at least partially covering the receiver, the transmitter, and the converter.

27. A medical system according to claim 1 wherein the converter, the transmitter, and the receiver are adapted to be at least partially under a cover.

28. The medical system of claim 27 further comprising:

a second cover at least partially covering a second receiver, a second converter, and a second transmitter;

a second sensor capable of being in contact with a second human body and operable to record a second set of electric signals in response;

the second converter operable to convert the second set of electric signals into digital data; and

the second transmitter operable to transmit the digital data to the evaluator system.

29. The medical system of claim 28 wherein the cover and the second cover each at least partially cover a respective error correction unit operable to correct transmission errors in the data transmitted by the evaluator station.

30. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the transmitter is responsive to the received information, the received information operative to manipulate the digital data.

31. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the transmitter is responsive to the received information, the received information operative to control operation of the transmitter.

32. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the evaluator station is operable to send a signal to an alarm unit when the sensor is not properly fastened to a surface of a skin of the patient.

33. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the evaluator station comprises a display operable to display the digital data.

34. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the at least one sensor is capable of collecting data selected from the group consisting of:

respiration rate, heart rate, body temperature, perspiration, EEG signals, EKG signals, pulse oximeter signals, electrodermal activity, patient position, patient motion, and combinations thereof.

35. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the digital data transmitted by the transmitter represents the electrical signal.

36. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the digital data transmitted by the transmitter represents processed information.

79. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the at least one transmitter is operable to wirelessly transmit the digital data with digital modulation.

80. The medical system of claim 79 wherein the digital modulation comprises frequency variation, phase variation, amplitude variation or combinations thereof.

81. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the at least one transmitter is operable to wirelessly transmit the digital data with discrete pulse modulation.

37. A medical system for monitoring body functions of a patient comprising:

an evaluator station located remotely from the patient and operable for wireless data communication;

a sensor capable of being arranged on the patient and operable to detect an electrical, physical, chemical, or biological property associated with the patient, and operable to convert the detected property into an electric signal;

a converter coupled to the sensor, the converter operable to convert the electric signal generated by the sensor into digital data; and

a transmitter coupled to the converter, the transmitter operable to wirelessly transmit the digital data to the evaluator station;

a receiver operable to receive information from the evaluator station through wireless communication;

wherein the evaluator station is operable to change the format of the digital data transmitted from the transmitter to the evaluator station.

38. The medical system of claim 37 further comprising first and second arrangements of components, the first arrangement including the converter, the transmitter, and the receiver, the second arrangement including an additional converter, an additional transmitter, and an additional receiver.

39. The medical system of claim 38 wherein the first and second arrangements are positionable adjacent to the patient.

40. The medical system of claim 38 wherein the first and second arrangements are positionable adjacent to different patients.

41. The medical system of claim 37 wherein received information is operable to change an amount of redundancy in the digital data.

42. The medical system of claim 41 wherein the received information is operable to change channel coding of the digital data.

43. The medical system of claim 42 wherein an additional error correction unit of the evaluator station is operable to perform direct error correction as a function of the channel coding.

44. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the transmitter is operable to wirelessly transmit the digital data with channel coding.

45. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the evaluator station is operable to manipulate the digital data.

46. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the evaluator station is operable to control the transmitter.

47. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the converter, the transmitter, and the receiver are arranged in a bracelet.

48. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the sensor is operable to be placed on a wrist of the patient.

49. The medical system of claim 48 wherein oxygen saturation is measured.

50. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the evaluator station includes an alarm unit.

51. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the evaluator station includes a display.

52. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the sensor is capable of collecting data selected from the group consisting of respiration rate, heart rate, body temperature, perspiration, EEG signals, EKG signals, pulse oximeter signals, electrodermal activity, patient position, patient motion, and combinations thereof.

82. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the transmitter is operable to wirelessly transmit the digital data with digital modulation.

83. The medical system of claim 82 wherein the digital modulation comprises frequency variation, phase variation, amplitude variation or combinations thereof.

84. The medical system of claim 37 wherein the transmitter is operable to wirelessly transmit the digital data with discrete pulse modulation.

53. A medical system for acquiring measured data, including measuring body functions, comprising:

a first set of components having a first sensor operable to contact a body, a first transmitter, and a first receiver, the first set of components operable to rest close to the body; and

an evaluator station having a second transmitter and a second receiver, the evaluator station operable to wirelessly communicate with the first transmitter and the first receiver, second data transmitted from the second transmitter is operable to control and manipulate first data transmitted by the first transmitter.

54. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein the first set of components is integrated in one semiconductor chip.

55. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein the first sensor is capable of being fastened to a surface of a skin of the patient.

56. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein the first sensor is capable of being in contact with a finger of the patient.

57. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein the first sensor is located in a fingerclip.

58. A medical system according to claim 55 wherein the first sensor, the first transmitter, and the first receiver are operable to be worn on a body of the patient with the first sensor in contact with the body.

59. A medical system according to claim 58 wherein the first sensor, the first transmitter, and the first receiver are arranged in a bracelet.

60. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein the first sensor is placed on a wrist of the patient and wherein the medical system measures oxygen saturation.

61. The medical system of claim 53 wherein oxygen saturation is measured.

62. The medical system of claim 53 wherein a pulse of the patient is monitored.

63. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein the first receiver is operable to receive the second data, the second data being operable to change an amount of redundancy in the first data.

64. A medical system according to claim 63 wherein the second data is operable to change channel coding of the first data.

65. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein the evaluator station is operable to perform forward error correction.

66. A medical system according to claim 53 further comprising an error correction unit of the first set of components;

the error correction unit operable to perform error correction on the second data.

67. A medical system according to claim 53 wherein a third receiver is operable to receive third data from the second transmitter.

68. A medical system according to claim 67 wherein the third receiver is on a different patient than the first receiver.

69. The medical system of claim 67 wherein the evaluator station is operable to communicate with both the first receiver and the third receiver.

70. A medical system according to claim 67 wherein a third transmitter is operable to transmit third data from a second body.

71. The medical system of claim 53 in which a second sensor is in contact with a second body.

72. The medical system of claim 53 wherein the evaluator station is operable to perform error correction on the first data transmitted by the first transmitter.

73. The medical system of claim 53 further including a cover at least partially covering the first set of components.

74. The medical system of claim 73 further comprising:

a second cover at least partially covering a second set of components; and

a second sensor operable to contact a second human body, the second sensor being part of the second set of components.

75. The medical system of claim 74 wherein the cover at least partially covers an error correction unit operable to correct transmission errors in the second data transmitted from the second transmitter.

76. The medical system of claim 53 wherein the evaluator station further includes an alarm unit capable of operation when the first sensor is not responding properly.

77. The medical system of claim 53 wherein the evaluator station further includes a display operable to display information representative of the first data transmitted by the first transmitter.

78. The medical system of claim 53 wherein the sensor is capable of collecting data selected from the group consisting of respiration rate, heart rate, body temperature, perspiration, EEG signals, EKG signals, pulse oximeter signals, electrodermal activity, patient position, patient motion, and combinations thereof.

85. The medical system of claim 53 wherein the first transmitter is operable to wirelessly transmit with digital modulation.

86. The medical system of claim 85 wherein the digital modulation comprises frequency variation, phase variation, amplitude variation or combinations thereof.

87. The medical system of claim 53 wherein the first transmitter is operable to wirelessly transmit with discrete pulse modulation.