Transient electrical signal based methods and devices for characterizing molecular interaction and/or motion in a sample
First Claim
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1. A method of detecting an analyte through the occurrence of a polymerase mediated template dependent complementary primer extension reaction in a conducting medium, said method comprising:
- (a) providing a system comprising an immobilized template nucleic acid and a sample;
(b) forming a template primer duplex nucleic acid made up of template and any complementary primer nucleic acids in the analyte in said sample in contact with said medium, wherein said medium comprises a polymerase and a plurality of nucleotides added to a second electrode in said medium;
(c) detecting a transient electrical signal indicative of whether or not a primer extension reaction occurs in the medium and produced in said medium by movement of charged nucleotides through the medium towards the immobilized template primer duplex and resultant covalent bonding of said at least one nucleotide to a terminus of said primer nucleic acid; and
(d) relating said detected transient electrical signal to the occurrence of a polymerase mediated template dependent primer extension reaction in said medium, said transient electrical signal being a signal dependent on complementary primer nucleic acids in the analyte.
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Abstract
Devices for detecting a transient electrical signal in a sample are provided. Also provided are systems that include the subject devices. The subject devices and systems find use in a variety of applications, particularly in the characterization of a sample, and more particularly in the characterization of molecular entities in the sample.
273 Citations
16 Claims
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1. A method of detecting an analyte through the occurrence of a polymerase mediated template dependent complementary primer extension reaction in a conducting medium, said method comprising:
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(a) providing a system comprising an immobilized template nucleic acid and a sample; (b) forming a template primer duplex nucleic acid made up of template and any complementary primer nucleic acids in the analyte in said sample in contact with said medium, wherein said medium comprises a polymerase and a plurality of nucleotides added to a second electrode in said medium; (c) detecting a transient electrical signal indicative of whether or not a primer extension reaction occurs in the medium and produced in said medium by movement of charged nucleotides through the medium towards the immobilized template primer duplex and resultant covalent bonding of said at least one nucleotide to a terminus of said primer nucleic acid; and (d) relating said detected transient electrical signal to the occurrence of a polymerase mediated template dependent primer extension reaction in said medium, said transient electrical signal being a signal dependent on complementary primer nucleic acids in the analyte. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14)
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10. A method of sequencing a nucleic acid, said method comprising:
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(a) providing a system comprising an immobilized template primer duplex nucleic acid made up of said nucleic acid hybridized to a primer nucleic acid, wherein said immobilized template primer duplex nucleic acid is immobilized on a surface of a working electrode and is in contact with a conducting medium comprising a polymerase; (b) adding a plurality of molecules of only one type of nucleotide, at a time to the medium between the working electrode and a second electrode; (c) detecting a transient electrical signal produced in said medium by movement of the molecules of one type of nucleotide and covalent bonding if said one type of nucleotide is complementary to a nucleotide at a terminus of said template nucleic acid; and (d) determining said sequence of said nucleic acid using said detected transient electrical signal occurring upon movement and binding of a complementary charged nucleotide, said method further comprising the step of;
two or more iterations of (a) through (c) to produce a plurality of transient electrical signals from which said sequence of said nucleic acid is determined. - View Dependent Claims (11, 15, 16)
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Specification