Content delivery network (CDN) content server request handling mechanism with metadata framework support

• US 7,240,100 B1
• Filed: 04/16/2001
• Issued: 07/03/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 04/14/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Akamai Technologies, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Akamai Technologies, Inc.
• Inventors: Wein, Joel M., Karger, David R., Lisiecki, Philip A., Nottingham, Mark C., Kloninger, John Josef
• Primary Examiner(s): Jaroenchonwanit; Bunjob
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chang; Julian
• Application Number:
  US09/835,663
• Time in Patent Office: 2,269 Days
• Field of Search: 709/223, 709/226, 709/206, 709/204, 709/207, 709/214, 715/500.1
• US Class Current: 709/214
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4511 using domain name system [DNS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4552 Lookup mechanisms between a plurality of directories; Synchronisation of directories, e.g. metadirectories
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/08 for authentication of entities cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication H04L9/32
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1063 Application servers providing network services systems providing special services to telephonic subscribers H04M3/42
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/61 for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/02 based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1001 for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1006 with static server selection, e.g. the same server being selected for a specific client
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1008 based on parameters of servers, e.g. available memory or workload monitoring of computer activity G06F11/30

Abstract

To serve content through a content delivery network (CDN), the CDN must have some information about the identity, characteristics and state of its target objects. Such additional information is provided in the form of object metadata, which according to the invention can be located in the request string itself, in the response headers from the origin server, in a metadata configuration file distributed to CDN servers, or in a per-customer metadata configuration file. CDN content servers execute a request identification and parsing process to locate object metadata and to handle the request in accordance therewith. Where different types of metadata exist for a particular object, metadata in a configuration file is overridden by metadata in a response header or request string, with metadata in the request string taking precedence.

Claims

1. A method of content delivery operative in a content delivery network on behalf of participating content providers, the content delivery network managed by a content delivery network service provider and comprising a plurality of content servers and a domain name service (DNS), and wherein participating content providers identify given content to be delivered over the content delivery network, comprising:

associating a content provider domain or subdomain with a domain managed by the content delivery network service provider so that DNS queries to the content provider domain or subdomain are resolved by the content delivery network domain name service;

for a given piece of content identified by a participating content provider, specifying a given content control to be applied to the given piece of content prior to serving the given piece of content from the content delivery network, wherein the given content control is one of;

(i) first data for specifying whether the given piece of content is to be cached at a content server in the content delivery network and, if so, for how long, (ii) second data identifying a domain of a server from which an instance of the given piece of content can be retrieved, (iii) third data for associating the given piece of content with a given participating content provider for accounting purposes, and (iv) fourth data that enforces a given authentication method or a given access control method;

communicating the given content control for the given piece of content to the plurality of content servers;

resolving a DNS query to the content provider domain or subdomain to an IP address associated with a given content server in the plurality of content servers, wherein the DNS query is resolved by the content delivery network domain name service using the domain managed by the content delivery network service provider in lieu of the content provider domain or subdomain; and

at the given content server of the plurality of content servers;

receiving a request for the given piece of content, wherein the request contains a host header;

determining whether a string in the host header is associated with a content control located within a set of content controls stored at the given content server; and

if a participating content provider has specified a content control for the given piece of content, as indicated by determining whether the string in the host header is associated with a content control located within a set of content controls stored at the given content server, applying the given content control prior to serving the given piece of content from the given content server.

2. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the content provider domain or subdomain is associated with the domain managed by the content delivery network service provider through a DNS canonical name.

3. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given content control is communicated to the plurality of content servers in a header.

4. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given content control is communicated to the plurality of content servers in a configuration file.

5. The method as described in claim 4 wherein the configuration file is provisioned via an extranet application.

6. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the content control is a request metadata component.

7. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given content control is a response metadata component.

8. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given piece of content is one of:

a markup language page, an embedded object of a markup language page, a media file, and a software download.

9. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given content control is communicated to the plurality of content servers in one of:

a request string, a header, and a configuration file.

10. A method of content delivery operative in a content delivery network on behalf of participating content providers, the content delivery network managed by a content delivery network service provider and comprising a plurality of content servers and a domain name service (DNS), and wherein participating content providers identify given content to be delivered over the content delivery network, comprising

aliasing a content provider domain to a domain managed by the content delivery network service provider so that DNS queries to the content provider domain are resolved by the content delivery network domain name service, wherein the content provider domain is part of a URL identifying a given piece of content published by the participating content provider;

for the given piece of content identified by a participating content provider, specifying a given content control to be applied to the given piece of content prior to serving the given piece of content from the content delivery network, wherein the given content control is one of;

(i) first data for specifying whether the given piece of content is to be cached at a content server in the content delivery network and, if so, for how long, (ii) second data identifying a domain of a server from which an instance of the given piece of content can be retrieved, (iii) third data for associating the given piece of content with a given participating content provider for accounting purposes, and (iv) fourth data that invokes a security mechanism;

resolving a DNS query to the content provider domain to an IP address associated with a given content server in the plurality of content servers, wherein the DNS query is resolved by the content delivery network domain name service using the domain managed by the content delivery network service provider in lieu of the content provider domain; and

at the given content server of the plurality of content servers;

receiving a request for the given piece of content, wherein the request contains a host header;

determining whether a string in the host header is associated with a content control located within a set of content controls stored at the given content server; and

if a participating content provider has specified a content control for the given piece of content, as indicated by determining whether the string in the host header is associated with a content control located within a set of content controls stored at the given content server, applying the given content control prior to serving the given piece of content from the given content server.

11. The method as described in claim 10 further including the step of communicating the given content control to the plurality of content servers.

12. The method as described in claim 11 wherein the given content control is communicated to the plurality of content servers via a configuration file.

13. The method as described in claim 10 wherein the given piece of content is one of:

a markup language page, an embedded object of a markup language page, a media file, and a software download.

14. The method as described in claim 10 wherein the step of aliasing uses a DNS canonical name (CNAME).

15. A method of content delivery operative in a content delivery network on behalf of participating content providers, the content delivery network managed by a content delivery network service provider and comprising a plurality of content servers and a domain name service (DNS), and wherein a participating content provider identifies given content to be delivered over the content delivery network by aliasing a content provider domain to a domain managed by the content delivery network service provider so that DNS queries to the content provider domain are resolved by the content delivery network domain name service, comprising:

for a given piece of content identified by a participating content provider, specifying a given content control to be applied to the given piece of content prior to serving the given piece of content from the content delivery network, wherein the given content control is one of;

(i) first data for specifying whether the given piece of content is to be cached at a content server in the content delivery network and, if so, for how long, (ii) second data identifying a domain of a server from which an instance of the given piece of content can be retrieved, (iii) third data for associating the given piece of content with a given participating content provider for accounting purposes, and (iv) fourth data that enforces a given authentication method or a given access control method;

communicating the given content control for the given piece of content to the plurality of content servers in the content delivery network;

resolving a DNS query to the content provider domain to an IP address associated with a given content server in the plurality of content servers, wherein the DNS query is resolved by the content delivery network domain name service using the domain managed by the content delivery network service provider in lieu of the content provider domain; and

at the given content server of the plurality of content servers;

receiving a request for the given piece of content, wherein the request contains a host header;

determining whether a string in the host header is associated with a content control located within a set of content controls stored at the given content server; and

if a participating content provider has specified a content control for the given piece of content, as indicated by determining whether the string in the host header is associated with a content control located within a set of content controls stored at the given content server, applying the given content control prior to serving the given piece of content from the given content server; and

serving the given piece of content from the given content server after the given content control has been applied.

16. The method as described in claim 15 wherein the given content control is communicated to the plurality of content servers in the content delivery network by one of:

a request string, a header, and a configuration file.

17. The method as described in claim 16 wherein the configuration file is provisioned via an extranet application.

18. The method as described in claim 15 wherein the given piece of content is one of:

a markup language page, an embedded object of a markup language page, a streaming media file, and a software download.