Optical frequency modulated transmitter

• US 7,330,665 B2
• Filed: 07/29/2003
• Issued: 02/12/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 11/22/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: HRL Laboratories LLC (The Boeing Co.)
• Original Assignee: HRL Laboratories LLC (The Boeing Co.)
• Inventors: Yap, Daniel, Dunning, Gilmore J., Pepper, David M.
• Primary Examiner(s): LEUNG, CHRISTINA Y
• Application Number:
  US10/630,189
• Publication Number:
  US 20040101317A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,659 Days
• Field of Search: 398/187, 398/192, 398/193, 398/195, 398/196
• US Class Current: 398/187
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/2383 Parallel arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/4006 Injection locking
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/4025 Array arrangements, e.g. constituted by discrete laser diodes or laser bar H01S5/42 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/50 Transmitters

Abstract

An optical frequency modulated transmitter includes a plurality of separately phased-controlled slave lasers, the outputs of which are combined to form a single output beam of the transmitter. A master optical oscillator outputs an optical signal for injection locking the plurality of slave lasers, the optical signal being frequency modulated directly in the master optical oscillator or externally thereof. Additionally, a method of frequency modulating an optical beam is disclosed using a plurality of slave lasers. Each of the slave lasers has an output, the outputs of which are combined to form the optical beam. The plurality of slave lasers is injection locked to an optical output of a master oscillator. The optical output of the master oscillator is frequency modulated before the optical output is applied to the plurality of lasers. Each slave laser of the plurality is phased controlled relative to other slave lasers of the plurality.

Claims

1. An optical frequency modulated transmitter comprising:

(a) a plurality of slave lasers, each of the slave lasers having an output, the outputs of the plurality of slave lasers being combined to form a single output beam of the optical frequency modulated transmitter, the lasers of the plurality of slave lasers being separately phased-controlled;

(b) a master optical oscillator which outputs an optical signal for injection locking said plurality of slave lasers, the optical signal outputted by the master oscillator being frequency modulated directly in the master optical oscillator or externally thereof; and

(c) a plurality of power oscillators arranged in a cascade arrangement upstream of the plurality of slave lasers and wherein the plurality of slave lasers are arranged in a plurality of groups thereof, each group of slave lasers being injection locked to a separate one of the power oscillators of the plurality of power oscillators.

2. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein optical signal outputted by the master oscillator is modulated in an external modulator.

3. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the master oscillator is modulated in response to an application of a modulation current or voltage thereto to thereby modulate the outputted optical signal.

4. The transmitter of claim 3, at least one optical isolator disposed between said master oscillator and said plurality of slave lasers to prevent unwanted injection of laser light back into the master oscillator from the slave lasers.

5. The transmitter of claim 4, wherein the master oscillator and the plurality of slave lasers are each optical devices which output light of a single carrier frequency.

6. The transmitter of claim 1 wherein a bias current or voltage is applied to each slave laser for adjusting the phase thereof relative to other slave lasers in said plurality of slave lasers.

7. The transmitter of claim 6 wherein adjusting the phase of one slave laser relative to other slave lasers in said plurality of slave lasers causes the single output beam of the optical frequency modulated transmitter to be steered.

8. The transmitter of claim 1 wherein the slave lasers in addition to being injection locked to the master oscillator, are each arranged in a phase locked loop.

9. The transmitter of claim 1 wherein adjusting the phase of one slave laser relative to other slave lasers in said plurality of slave lasers causes the single output beam of the optical frequency modulated transmitter to be steered.

10. The transmitter of claim 1 wherein the slave lasers in addition to being injection locked to the master oscillator, are each arranged in a phase locked loop.

11. The transmitter of claim 1 further including a plurality of phase shifters, each phase shifter of said plurality of phase shifters being associated with and coupled upstream of one slave laser of said plurality of slave lasers for adjusting the phase thereof relative to other slave lasers in said plurality of slave lasers.

12. An optical frequency modulated transmitter comprising:

(a) a plurality of slave lasers, each of the slave lasers having an output, the outputs of the plurality of slave lasers being combined to form a single output beam of the optical frequency modulated transmitter;

(b) a master optical oscillator which outputs an optical signal for injection locking of said plurality of slave lasers, the optical signal outputted by the master oscillator being frequency modulated directly in the master optical oscillator or externally thereof;

wherein the lasers of the plurality of slave lasers are injection locked to the master optical oscillator and are separately phased-controlled by a bias current or voltage which is applied to each slave laser for adjusting frequency detuning of said slave laser with respect to said master optical oscillator thereby adjusting the phase of each slave laser relative to other slave lasers in said plurality of slave lasers; and

(c) a plurality of power oscillators arranged in a cascade arrangement upstream of the plurality of slave lasers and wherein the plurality of slave lasers are arranged in a plurality of groups thereof, each group of slave lasers being injection locked to a separate one of the power oscillators of the plurality of power oscillators.

13. The transmitter of claim 12 further including

a plurality of phase shifters coupled to the plurality of power oscillators wherein the plurality of phase shifters and the plurality of slave lasers are arranged in a plurality of groups thereof, each group of slave lasers being injection locked to a separate one of the power oscillators of the plurality of power oscillators.

14. A method of frequency modulating an optical beam comprising the steps of;

providing a plurality of slave lasers, each of the slave lasers having an output, the outputs of the plurality of slave lasers being combined to form the optical beam,

injection locking the plurality of slave lasers to an optical output of a master oscillator;

frequency modulating the optical output of the master oscillator before the optical output thereof is applied to the plurality of lasers;

individually phase controlling the slave lasers of the plurality of slave lasers;

arranging the plurality of slave lasers in groups; and

providing a power oscillator for each group arranged in series between the slave laser and the master oscillator whereby the master oscillator injection locks the power oscillator for each group directly and each slave laser indirectly via one of power oscillators.

15. A method of frequency modulating an optical beam as claimed by claim 14, further comprising the steps of:

providing a plurality of slave lasers, each of the slave lasers having an output, the outputs of the plurality of slave lasers being combined to form the optical beam, injection locking the plurality of slave lasers to an optical output of a master oscillator;

frequency modulating the optical output of the master oscillator before the optical output thereof is applied to the plurality of lasers; and

individually phase controlling the slave lasers of the plurality of slave lasers by adjusting a current or voltage applied to each of the slave lasers in the plurality of slave lasers to (i) thereby frequency detune each slave laser with respect to said master laser and (ii) thereby adjust the phase of each slave laser relative to other slave lasers in said plurality of slave lasers.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein the step of individually phase controlling the slave lasers in the plurality of slave lasers is performed in order to steer the optical beam.

17. The method of claim 14 wherein the step of individually phase controlling the slave lasers in the plurality of slave lasers is performed in order to achieve wavefront coherence of the optical beam.

18. The method of claim 14 further including phase locking each slave laser individually utilizing a phase lock loop associated with each slave laser in the plurality of slave lasers.

19. The method of claim 14 wherein the step of individually phase controlling the slave lasers in the plurality of slave lasers is performed by a phase shifter arranged in series between each slave laser in the plurality of slave lasers and the master oscillator.