Method and apparatus for resolving energy imbalance requirements in real-time

• US 7,337,153 B2
• Filed: 12/06/2002
• Issued: 02/26/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 12/07/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Siemens AG
• Original Assignee: Siemens Power Transmission & Distribution Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Peljto, Haso, Ristanovic, Petar
• Primary Examiner(s): Borissov; Igor N.
• Application Number:
  US10/313,875
• Publication Number:
  US 20030229576A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,908 Days
• Field of Search: 705/37, 705/26, 705/27, 705/63, 705/80, 705/39, 705/412, 705/1, 705/7, 705/8, 705/10, 700/286, 700/291
• US Class Current: 705/412
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/04 Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/50 Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Abstract

A method and apparatus for resolving energy imbalance in a real-time manner is disclosed. A plurality of market user interfaces are coupled to an imbalance engine which determines optimal dispatch requirements corresponding to supply and demand requirements of the market participants. The imbalance engine resolves in a real-time manner the dispatch requirements while considering the transmission limitations, ramping limitations, transmission facilities, and price data.

Claims

1. A computer readable medium having computer readable instructions embedded therein, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to implement a method for adjusting energy generation and energy load in an energy imbalance market to remedy energy generation and energy load imbalances therein, comprising:

providing a plurality of imbalance market user interfaces, each imbalance market user interface configured for receiving from a plurality of imbalance market participants,—

including generating participants and load participants in an energy distribution region subdivided into a plurality of different control areas, energy supply and energy demand requirements for imbalance energy in an energy imbalance market;

retrieving said energy supply and energy demand requirements for imbalance energy from said plurality of imbalance market user interfaces;

determining respective control area imbalance requirements for balancing generation and load imbalances in each of the control areas in the energy distribution region according to the following relationship;

$\mathrm{ImbReq}=\mathrm{LF}-\underset{\mathrm{stp}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br><br><br>\underset{\mathrm{mp}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br><br><br>\mathrm{SchedE}-\mathrm{ACE}+\mathrm{ImbBias}-\mathrm{ImbCA};<br><br>$

wherein ImbReq is the respective control area imbalance requirement, LF is a load forecast for the respective control area, SchedE is a scheduled energy distribution according to a bilateral energy trading market;

mp is unique identifier for each market participant, stp is an identifier for a type of market participant, ACE is a prior average area control error for the respective control area, ImbBias is a temporal imbalance bias for the respective control area, and ImbCA is a temporal imbalance callable reserve for the respective control area;

determining a region imbalance requirement for balancing generation and load imbalances in the energy distribution region responsive to the respective control area imbalance requirements;

determining optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each imbalance market participant responsive to the energy distribution region imbalance requirement; and

issuing dispatch instructions responsive to the optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load to each imbalance market participant.

2. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein said optimal dispatch is calculated in real-time.

3. The computer readable medium of claim 2, wherein said optimal dispatch is calculated in real-time for the plurality of control areas.

4. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein said optimal dispatch is calculated in five minute intervals.

5. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein retrieving said energy supply and energy demand requirements further comprises receiving pricing information from said market participants.

6. The computer readable medium of claim 5, wherein said pricing information is in a step-wise price curve form.

7. The computer readable medium of claim 5, wherein said pricing information is in a piecewise linear price curve form.

8. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein retrieving said energy supply and energy demand requirements further comprises pricing information from said market participants for fixed time intervals.

9. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein said fixed time interval is fifteen minutes.

10. The computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

retrieving market information from a market database;

retrieving historical information from an HIS database; and

pricing said optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each participant responsive to the market information and the historical information.

11. The computer readable medium of claim 10, wherein said market database tracks bidding data including imbalance energy bids from market participants.

12. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the method further comprises processing the bidding data from said imbalance market participants.

13. The computer readable medium of claim 10, wherein—

the method further comprises;

retrieving clearance data from said imbalance market participants; and

processing the clearance data from said imbalance market participants to determine optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each imbalance market participant.

14. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the method further comprises clearing imbalance energy bids across the plurality of control areas.

15. The computer readable medium of claim 10, wherein the method further comprises generating optimal pricing parameters for dispatched instructions.

16. A method for adjusting energy generation and energy load in an energy imbalance market to remedy energy generation and energy load imbalances therein, said method comprising:

receiving from a plurality of imbalance market participants, including generating participants and load participants in an energy distribution region subdivided into a plurality of different control areas, energy supply and energy demand requirements for imbalance energy in an energy imbalance market;

determining respective control area imbalance requirements for balancing generation and load imbalances in each of the control areas in the energy distribution region according to the following relationship;

$\mathrm{ImbReq}=\mathrm{LF}-\underset{\mathrm{stp}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br><br><br>\underset{\mathrm{mp}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br><br><br>\mathrm{SchedE}-\mathrm{ACE}+\mathrm{ImbBias}-\mathrm{ImbCA};<br><br>$

wherein ImbReq is the respective control area imbalance requirement, LF is a load forecast for the respective control area, SchedE is a scheduled energy distribution according to a bilateral energy trading market;

mp is unique identifier for each market participant, stp is an identifier for a type of market participant, ACE is a prior average area control error for the respective control area, ImbBias is a temporal imbalance bias for the respective control area, and ImbCA is a temporal imbalance callable reserve for the respective control area;

determining a region imbalance requirement for balancing generation and load imbalances in the energy distribution region responsive to the respective control area imbalance requirements;

determining optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each imbalance market participant;

responsive to the energy distribution region imbalance requirement;

issuing dispatch instructions responsive to the optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load to each imbalance market participant; and

using the imbalance dispatch instructions for controlling the participants'"'"' respective energy generation and energy load to remedy energy generation and energy load imbalances in the imbalance market.

17. A method for adjusting energy generation and energy load in an energy imbalance market of an energy distribution system separate from a bilateral energy trading market and an automatic generation control function of the energy distribution system, the energy distribution system including an energy distribution region subdivided into a plurality of different control areas including imbalance market participants, the method comprising:

receiving from a plurality of imbalance market participants in an energy distribution region, including energy generation participants and energy load participants, energy supply and energy demand requirements for imbalance energy in an energy imbalance market; and

determining respective control area imbalance requirements for balancing generation and load imbalances in each of the control areas in the region according to the following relationship;

$\mathrm{ImbReq}=\mathrm{LF}-\underset{\mathrm{stp}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br><br><br>\underset{\mathrm{mp}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br><br><br>\mathrm{SchedE}-\mathrm{ACE}+\mathrm{ImbBias}-\mathrm{ImbCA};<br><br>$

wherein ImbReq is the respective control area imbalance requirement, LF is a load forecast for the respective control area, SchedE is a scheduled energy distribution according to a bilateral energy trading market;

mp is unique identifier for each market participant, stp is an identifier for a type of market participant, ACE is a prior average area control error for the respective control area, ImbBias is a temporal imbalance bias for the respective control area, and ImbCA is a temporal imbalance callable reserve for the respective control area;

determining a region imbalance requirement for balancing generation and load imbalances in the energy distribution region responsive to the respective control area imbalance requirements,

determining optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load for each participant in the energy distribution region responsive to the region imbalance requirement;

issuing imbalance dispatch instructions responsive to the determined optimal dispatch of energy generation and energy load to each imbalance market participant; and

using the imbalance dispatch instructions for controlling the participants'"'"' respective energy generation and energy load to remedy energy generation and energy load imbalances in the imbalance market.