Dual-mesh network and communication system for emergency services personnel

• US 7,398,097 B2
• Filed: 01/31/2006
• Issued: 07/08/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Scott Technologies, Inc. (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: Scott Technologies, Inc. (3M Company)
• Inventors: Parkulo, Craig Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): BOST, DWAYNE D
• Assistant Examiner(s): BOST, DWAYNE D
• Application Number:
  US11/343,776
• Publication Number:
  US 20060125630A1
• Time in Patent Office: 889 Days
• Field of Search: 455/66.1, 455/90.1, 455/90.2, 455/90.3, 455/100, 455/404.1, 455/404.2, 455/428, 455/445, 455/507, 455/521, 455/557, 370/229, 370/238, 370/254, 370/351, 370/392, 370/408, 370/409, 340/501, 340/505, 340/506, 340/532, 340/539.1, 340/539.11, 340/539.13, 340/539.16, 340/539.17, 340/539.22, 340/539.26, 340/539.27, 340/573.1, 340/573.4, 340/584, 340/586, 340/588, 340/589, 340/593, 340/693.5, 340/870.17, 709/238, 709/243, 701/207, 701/217, 701/300, 348/61, 348/143, 348/160, 348/161
• US Class Current: 455/521
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/02 Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/007 Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/016 Personal emergency signalling and security systems emergency non-personal manually actuated alarm activators G08B25/12
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/16 Security signalling or alarm systems, e.g. redundant systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/12 specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A communications system is provided for emergency services personnel that includes a plurality of portable devices and a base station. The portable devices are configured to be carried by emergency services personnel while at an emergency site. The portable devices each have a first transceiver configured to communicate over a first network and a second transceiver configured to communicate over a second network, where the first and second networks operate independent of one another. For example, they may have at least one of different first and second carrier frequencies, protocol, channels and the like. The base station has at least one transceiver for communicating with the portable devices over at least one of the first and second networks. Optionally, the first and second networks may have different transmission characteristics, such as different transmit ranges, power levels and the like.

Claims

1. A communications system for emergency services personnel, the system comprising:

portable devices to be carried by emergency services personnel while at an emergency site, the portable devices each having a first transceiver configured to communicate over a first network and having a second transceiver configured to communicate over a second network, wherein the first and second networks are independent of one another, the first network constituting a broadcasting mesh network, the portable devices communicating with one another over the first networks; and

a base station having at least one transceiver for communicating with the portable devices.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the portable devices broadcast device related data over the first network, the device related data including a device identification (ID) uniquely identifying a corresponding one of the portable devices that originally broadcast the device related data over the first network.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the portable devices includes a processor configured to perform a search process to search for a target portable device based on transmission signals received over at least one of the first and second networks from the portable devices.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the portable devices communicates broadcast device related data between one another over the first network, and wherein at least one of the portable devices receives remote device related data, from the first network, and transmits the remote device related date over the second network.

5. The system of claim 2, further comprising breathing apparatus, each of the breathing apparatus being interconnected to a corresponding one of the portable devices and providing breathing apparatus related data to the corresponding first transceiver, the first transceiver broadcasting the device related data over the first network with the corresponding device ID.

6. The system of claim 1, further comprising heads-up display (HUD) devices, each of the HUD devices being interconnected to one of the portable devices.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of he portable devices includes a thermal imaging camera.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein communicating over the first and at least one of the portable devices includes a processor that is configured to search for a target portable device based on transmission signals received over one of the first and second networks.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein each portable device includes a PASS unit, the first transceiver of the corresponding portable device broadcasting PASS related data from the PASS unit over the first network.

10. The System of claim 1, further comprising a thermal imaging camera carried by an emergency services person, the thermal imaging camera detecting thermal images of an environment where the camera is located based on a direction in which the camera is pointed, and a display coupled to the camera and the one of the portable devices, the display displaying the thermal images.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein a first portable device receives a broadcast, over the first network, of a data packet having a device II) identifying a target portable device, and in response thereto, the first portable device determines whether the received data packet is addressed to the first portable device, when the received data packet is not addressed to the first portable device, the first portable device rebroadcasting the received data packet over the first network.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein each portable device further comprises a motion sensor to identify a motionless state of the user and a processor module for transmitting a unique identification over at least one of the first and the second networks when the motionless state is identified.

13. A method of maintaining a communications link with multiple portable devices configured to be carried by emergency services personnel while on-site at an emergency location, the method comprising:

wirelessly broadcasting an alarm message over a first network from a target portable device configured to be carried by emergency services personnel while on-site at an emergency location, the alarm message identifying the target portable device;

wirelessly broadcasting a search message between the portable devices, the search message identifying the target portable device; and

transmitting a target message from the target portable device over the second network, the target message being received by other portable devices.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising receiving the target message at a receiving portable device and transmitting the target message over a second network by the receiving portable device.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising receiving the target message at a receiving portable device and determining at least one of distance and location information regarding the target portable device based on the target message received.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising determining at least one of distance and location information regarding the target portable device based on one of signal strength, time difference of arrival and time of flight information derived from the target message.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein he target message represents a reply message, the method further comprising receiving the reply message at a receiving portable device and modifying the reply message, to add information identifying the receiving portable device, before retransmission of the reply message and added information.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the target message represents a reply message, the method further comprising receiving the reply message at a receiving portable device, combining the reply message with on-board system information regarding the receiving portable device, and transmitting the reply message and on-board system information over a second network to a base station.

19. The method of claim 13, further comprising transmitting status request messages from a base station over a second network to the portable devices, the portable devices transmitting status information in response to the status request messages over the second network.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein the portable devices periodically transmit status information regarding equipment carried by the emergency personnel and interconnected to the portable device.

21. The method of claim 13, wherein the first network constitutes a broadcasting mesh network that is configured to relay at least one of alarm messages, search messages and target messages between portable devices.

22. The method of claim 13, further comprising a second network that provides long-distance communications range, wherein the first network provides short-distance communications range.

23. A method for locating a portable device, the method comprising:

configuring multiple portable devices to communicate with one another over a broadcasting mesh network, the portable devices being carried by emergency services personnel while on-site at an emergency location;

wirelessly broadcasting, from a target portable device, target transmission signal over the broadcasting mesh network, the target transmission signal including a device identification (ID) uniquely identifying the target portable device;

detecting, at a tracking portable device carried by an emergency services person, the target transmission signal from the broadcasting mesh network; and

estimating a relative location of the target portable device with respect to the tracking portable device based on the target transmission signal.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the estimating operation is based on signal strength of the target transmission signal at the tracking portable device.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the target transmission signal includes a data packet comprising a time stamp of a time at which the target transmission signal was broadcast from the target portable device, the estimating operation calculating at least one of a time of flight and time different of arrival based on the time stamp.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein the tracking portable device begins monitoring the broadcasting mesh network for the target transmission signal in response to a message from one of the target portable device and a base station.

27. The method of claim 23, further comprising wirelessly broadcasts at least one of an alarm message, a search message and a reply message over the broadcasting mesh network between the portable devices.

28. The method of claim 23, further comprising transmitting a search message over a second network to at least the tracking portable device, the search message identifying the target portable device to be located.

29. The method of claim 23, further comprising transmitting a reply message from the base station over one of the broadcasting mesh network and a second network to the target portable device, the reply message acknowledging receipt of an alarm message from the target portable device.

30. The method of claim 23, wherein the estimating is performed at one of the portable devices or at a base station.

31. The method of claim 23, wherein the estimating operation further comprises analyzing the target transmission signal and, based thereon, providing at least one of a status and alarm indication.

32. The method of claim 23, wherein the estimating operation further comprises providing at least one of a status and alarm indication to a user of the tracking portable device via LEDs provided on the tracking portable device.

33. The method of claim 23, further comprising configuring the portable devices to communicate with a base station over a second network, the base station and portable devices conveying data packets bidirectionally over the second network, the data packets including a device ID and at least one of air pressure data, temperature data, alarm data, evacuation acknowledge data and withdraw status data.

34. The method of claim 23, wherein the tracking portable device begins the detecting operation in response to receipt of an alarm message.

35. The method of claim 23, further comprising triggering an alarm message at the target portable device, at least one of the detecting and estimating operations being initiated in response to the alarm message.