System and method for analyte measurement using AC excitation
First Claim
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1. A method for determining a concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid, comprising the:
- a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the biological fluid;
b) measuring a first response to the first signal;
c) applying a second signal to the biological fluid, wherein the second signal is a DC signal;
d) measuring a second response to the second signal; and
e) combining the first response with the second response to produce an indication of the concentration of the medically significant component.
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Abstract
A method of measuring an analyte in a biological fluid comprises applying an excitation signal having a DC component and an AC component. The AC and DC responses are measured; a corrected DC response is determined using the AC response; and a concentration of the analyte is determined based upon the corrected DC response. Other methods and devices are disclosed.
567 Citations
160 Claims
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1. A method for determining a concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid, comprising the:
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a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the biological fluid; b) measuring a first response to the first signal; c) applying a second signal to the biological fluid, wherein the second signal is a DC signal; d) measuring a second response to the second signal; and e) combining the first response with the second response to produce an indication of the concentration of the medically significant component. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of measuring a biological fluid test sample, the method comprising:
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measuring a first electrical response of the biological fluid test sample, the first electrical response having an AC component; measuring a second electrical response of the test sample; and determining a value indicative of a glucose concentration of the test sample based at least in part upon the first electrical response and the second electrical response. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. A method for measuring a biological fluid test sample, the method comprising:
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measuring a first electrical response of the biological fluid test sample to a first test signal, the first test signal having an AC component; measuring a second electrical response of the test sample to a second test signal; and determining a value indicative of a glucose concentration in the test sample based at least in part upon the first electrical response and the second electrical response. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50)
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51. A method for determining a concentration of an analyte of a biological fluid, comprising:
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applying a first alternating signal to the biological fluid; measuring a response to the first signal; applying a second signal having a DC component to the biological fluid; measuring a response to the second signal; and analyzing the response to the first signal and the response to the second signal to produce an indication of the concentration of the analyte. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66)
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67. A method for determining a glucose concentration of a blood sample, comprising:
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applying a first signal to the blood sample, the first signal having an AC component; measuring a first response to the first signal; applying a second signal to the blood sample, the second signal having an AC component; measuring a second response to the second signal; applying a third signal to the blood sample, the third signal having a DC component; measuring a third response to the third signal; and determining a value indicative of a glucose concentration in the blood sample based at least in part upon the first response, the second response and the third response. - View Dependent Claims (68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87)
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88. An apparatus for determining a glucose concentration of a blood sample, comprising
a test chamber adapted to receive the blood sample; -
a first electrode circuit adapted to apply a first test signal having an AC component and a second test signal having a DC component to the blood sample upon the sample being received in the test chamber; a second electrode circuit adapted to measure a first response to the first test signal and a second response to the second test signal; and a processor adapted to process the first response and the second response to determine a value indicating the glucose concentration of the blood sample. - View Dependent Claims (89, 90, 91, 92)
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93. A method for determining a hematocrit value of a blood sample, comprising:
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(a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the blood sample; (b) measuring an AC response to the first signal; (c) measuring a temperature of the blood sample; and (d) determining the hematocrit value of the blood sample using the AC response and the temperature. - View Dependent Claims (94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103)
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104. A method for determining a glucose concentration of a blood sample, comprising:
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applying an alternating potential to the blood sample; measuring a first response to the alternating potential; applying a DC potential to the blood sample; measuring second response to DC potential; determining a first value relating to a hematocrit content of the blood sample using the first response; determining a second value relating to the temperature of the blood sample using the first value and the first response; and determining a third value relating to the glucose concentration of the blood sample using the first value, the second value, and the second response. - View Dependent Claims (105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114)
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115. A method for determining a glucose concentration of a blood sample, comprising the steps of:
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a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the blood sample; b) measuring an AC response to the first signal; c) applying a second signal to the blood sample, wherein the second signal is a DC signal; d) measuring a DC response to the second signal; e) determining a hematocrit value of the blood sample using the AC response; f) determining an estimated temperature of the blood sample using the hematocrit value and the AC response; and g) determining the glucose concentration of the blood sample using the hematocrit value, the estimated temperature, and the DC response. - View Dependent Claims (116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125)
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126. A method for determining a glucose concentration of a blood sample, comprising:
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a) providing the blood sample, wherein the blood sample has a minimum sample volume of less than or equal to 0.4 μ
l;b) applying a signal having an AC component to the blood sample; c) measuring an AC response to the signal; and d) determining the glucose concentration of the blood sample using at least the AC response wherein the determination has a Total Test Time of within about 3 seconds or less. - View Dependent Claims (127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137)
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138. A method for determining a glucose concentration of a blood sample, comprising:
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a) applying a signal having an AC component to the blood sample; b) measuring an AC response to the signal; and c) determining the glucose concentration of the blood sample using at least the AC response wherein the determination has a Total Test Time of within about 5.5 seconds or less. - View Dependent Claims (139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150)
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151. A method for determining the concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid comprising:
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providing a cell for receiving a sample of the fluid; providing on the cell a chemistry which reacts with the medically significant component and first and second terminals across which the reaction of the chemistry with the medically significant component can be assessed; providing an instrument having first and second terminals complementary to the first and second terminals, respectively, of the cell, placement of the first and second terminals of the cell in contact with the first and second terminals, respectively, of the instrument permitting the instrument to assess the reaction; and providing in the instrument an assessment controller configured to apply across the first and second terminals of the instrument a first signal, determine the identity of the sample in response of the cell to the first signal, and produce an indication of the identity of the sample. - View Dependent Claims (152, 153)
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154. A method for determining the concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid comprising the steps of:
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(a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the biological fluid; (b) measuring a first response to the first signal; and (c) determining an identity of the biological fluid based upon the first response. - View Dependent Claims (155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160)
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Specification