Multiple diameter cutting elements and bits incorporating the same

• US 7,461,709 B2
• Filed: 08/17/2004
• Issued: 12/09/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 08/21/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Smith International Incorporated (Schlumberger NV)
• Original Assignee: Smith International Incorporated (Schlumberger NV)
• Inventors: Keshavan, Madapusi K., Azar, Michael G., Truax, David K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chilcot, Jr.; Richard E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SMITH, MATTHEW J
• Application Number:
  US10/919,906
• Publication Number:
  US 20050082093A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,575 Days
• Field of Search: 175426-433
• US Class Current: 175/428
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 10/567 with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts

Abstract

Cutting elements are provided having multiple diameter sections. Also provided are bits incorporating such cutting elements.

Claims

1. A cutting element comprising:

a body comprising a longitudinal axis and an exposed periphery comprising at least two constant curvature sections extending along a length of the body, each section having a single radius of curvature along a first plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein each section has a different radius of curvature from an adjacent section along said first plane, said constant curvature sections defining the entire periphery, wherein at least one of said constant curvature sections is for mating with a bit; and

an ultra hard material layer formed over the body, the ultra hard material layer having a periphery, wherein the ultra hard material layer periphery comprises at least two constant curvature sections along a second plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

2. A cutting element as recited in claim 1 wherein the body and the ultra hard material layer peripheries each comprise three constant curvature sections wherein each body periphery section abuts two adjacent body periphery sections and wherein each ultra hard material periphery section abuts two adjacent ultra hard material periphery sections.

3. A cutting element as recited in claim 2 wherein abutting sections have different radii of curvature.

4. A cutting element as recited in claim 3 wherein two sections have the same radius of curvature.

5. A cutting element as recited in claim 1 wherein the body and the ultra hard material layer peripheries each consist of two sections, wherein the two body periphery sections abut each other and wherein the two ultra hard material layer periphery sections abut each other.

6. A cutting element as recited in claim 1 wherein each ultra hard material periphery section is aligned with a corresponding body periphery section and wherein corresponding ultra hard material periphery and body periphery sections have the same radii of curvature.

7. A cutting element as recited in claim 1 wherein said ultra hard material sections define the entire periphery of the ultra hard material layer.

8. A cutting element as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said body and ultra hard material layer peripheries comprise at least two but no more than three constant curvature sections along a plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

9. A cutting element as recited in claim 1 wherein all constant curvature sections of said ultra hard material layer have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along the periphery of said ultra hard material layer.

10. A cutting element as recited in claim 1 wherein said exposed periphery has a length and wherein each of said at least two constant curvature sections extend along said entire length.

11. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter, and

a second pocket having a diameter that is the same as the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket, the first cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein the second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the first diameter portions, wherein the body first diameter portion is brazed to the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, the second cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein the second cutting element second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the second cutting element first diameter portions, wherein the second cutting element body first diameter portion is brazed to the second pocket, and wherein the diameter of the second diameter portion of the second cutting element is greater than the diameter of the second diameter portion of the first cutting element.

12. The bit as recited in claim 11 wherein the first cutting element second diameter portions have diameters greater than the first cutting element first diameter portions.

13. The bit as recited in claim 12 wherein the second cutting element second diameter portions have diameters greater than the second cutting element first diameter portions.

14. A bit as recited in claim 11 wherein all first cutting element cutting layer diameter portions have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along a periphery of said first cutting element cutting layer.

15. A bit as recited in claim 14 wherein all second cutting element cutting layer diameter portions have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along a periphery of said second cutting element cutting layer.

16. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter, and

a second pocket having a diameter that is the same as the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, wherein each cutting element comprises a curved surface for contacting earth formations during drilling, wherein the curved surface of the first cutting element has a diameter that is different from a diameter of the curved surface of the second cutting element.

17. A bit comprising:

a bit body having a pocket; and

a cutting element having a longitudinal axis and mounted on the pocket, the cutting element comprising,

a cutting element body comprising a periphery comprising at least two constant curvature sections along a first plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein each section has a different radius of curvature from an adjacent section, said constant curvature sections defining the entire periphery, said periphery interfacing with said pocket, and

an ultra hard material layer formed over the cutting element body, the ultra hard material layer having a periphery, wherein the ultra hard material layer periphery comprises at least two constant curvature sections along a second plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

18. A bit as recited in claim 17 wherein the cutting element body and the ultra hard material layer peripheries each comprise three constant curvature sections wherein each cutting element body periphery section abuts two adjacent body periphery sections and wherein each of the ultra hard material periphery sections abuts two adjacent ultra hard material periphery sections.

19. A bit as recited in claim 18 wherein abutting sections have different radii of curvature.

20. A bit as recited in claim 19 wherein two sections have the same radius of curvature.

21. A bit as recited in claim 17 wherein the cutting element body and the ultra hard material layer peripheries each consist of two sections, wherein the two cutting element body periphery sections abut each other and wherein the two ultra hard material layer periphery sections abut each other.

22. A bit as recited in claim 17 wherein each ultra hard material periphery section is aligned with a corresponding cutting element body periphery section and wherein corresponding ultra hard material periphery and cutting element body periphery sections have the same radii of curvature.

23. A bit as recited in claim 17 wherein said ultra hard material sections define the entire periphery of the ultra hard material layer.

24. A bit as recited in claim 17 wherein each of said cutting element body and ultra hard material layer peripheries comprise at least two but no more than three constant curvature sections along a plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

25. A bit as recited in claim 17 wherein all constant curvature sections of said cutting element ultra hard material have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along the periphery of said ultra hard material layer.

26. A bit as recited in claim 17 wherein said cutting element periphery has a length and wherein each of said at least two constant curvature sections extend along said entire length.

27. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first pocket, and

a second pocket having a diameter, as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the second pocket, that is different from the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, wherein the first cutting element comprises a curved surface having a first curvature along a plane generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first cutting element for contacting an earth formation during drilling, wherein the second cutting element comprises a curved surface having a second curvature along a plane generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the second cutting element for contacting an earth formation during drilling, wherein the first curvature has a diameter that is the same as the diameter of the second curvature.

28. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter, and

a second pocket having a diameter that is different from the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket, the first cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein the second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the first diameter portions, wherein the body first diameter portion is brazed to the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, the second cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein the second cutting element second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the second cutting element first diameter portions, wherein the second cutting element body first diameter portion is brazed to the second pocket, and wherein the diameter of the second diameter portion of the second cutting element is the same as the diameter of the second diameter portion of the first cutting element.

29. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first pocket, and

a second pocket, as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the second pocket, having a diameter that is different from the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, wherein each cutting element comprises a first curved surface for contacting earth formations during drilling and a second curved surface adjacent the first curved surface, wherein the first curved surface of the first cutting element has a first diameter as measured along a first plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first cutting element, wherein the second cutting element first curved surface has a second diameter as measured along a second plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the second cutting element, wherein the first diameter is different from the second diameter, wherein the first cutting element second curved surface has a curvature having a third diameter as measured along the first plane, wherein the second cutting element second curvature has a fourth diameter as measured along the second plane, wherein the difference between the diameters of the two pockets is different from the difference of the first and second diameters, and wherein the first diameter is not equal to the third diameter and the second diameter is not equal to the fourth diameter.

30. The bit as recited in claim 29 wherein the difference between the diameters of the first and second pockets is greater than the difference between the first and second diameters.

31. The bit as recited in claim 29 wherein the difference between the diameters of the first and second pockets is less than the difference between the first and second diameters.

32. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first pocket, and

a second pocket having a diameter, as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the second pocket, that is different from the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket, the first cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein each diameter portion of the body is measure along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first cutting element, wherein each diameter portion of the cutting layer is measured along another plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first cutting element, wherein the second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the first diameter portions, wherein the body first diameter portion is attached to the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, the second cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein each diameter portion of the second cutting element body is measured along a plane generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis the second cutting element, wherein each diameter portion of the second cutting element cutting layer is measured along another plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the second cutting element, wherein the second cutting element second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the second cutting element first diameter portions, wherein the second cutting element body first diameter portion is attached to the second pocket, and wherein the diameter of the second diameter portion of the second cutting element is different from the diameter of the second diameter portion of the first cutting element.

33. The bit as recited in claim 32 wherein the difference between the diameters of the first and second pockets is greater than the difference between the diameter of the second diameter portion of the second cutting element and the diameter of the second diameter portion of the first cutting element.

34. The bit as recited in claim 32 wherein the difference between the diameters of the first and second pockets is less than the difference between the diameter of the second diameter portion of the second cutting element and the diameter of the second diameter portion of the first cutting element.

35. A bit as recited in claim 32 wherein the first cutting element body first diameter portion is brazed to the first pocket, and the second cutting element body first diameter portion is brazed to the second pocket.

36. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter, and

a second pocket having a diameter that is different from the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, wherein each cutting element comprises a curved surface for contacting earth formations during drilling, wherein the curved surface of the first cutting element has a diameter that is different from a diameter of the curved surface of the second cutting element, wherein the difference between the diameters of the two pockets is different from the difference of the diameters of the two curved surfaces, and wherein the difference between the diameters of the first and second pockets is less than the difference between the diameters of the two curved surfaces.

37. A bit comprising:

a body comprising,

a first pocket having a diameter, and

a second pocket having a diameter that is different from the diameter of the first pocket;

a first cutting element mounted on the first pocket, the first cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein the second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the first diameter portions, wherein the body first diameter portion is brazed to the first pocket; and

a second cutting element mounted on the second pocket, the second cutting element having a body and a cutting layer each having a first diameter portion and a second diameter portion, wherein the second cutting element second diameter portions have diameters different from the diameters of the second cutting element first diameter portions, wherein the second cutting element body first diameter portion is brazed to the second pocket, wherein the diameter of the second diameter portion of the second cutting element is different from the diameter of the second diameter portion of the first cutting element and wherein the difference between the diameters of the first and second pockets is less than the difference between the diameter of the second diameter portion of the second cutting element and the diameter of the second diameter portion of the first cutting element.

38. A bit comprising:

a body comprising a first pocket having a first diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first pocket and a second pocket having a second diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the second pocket;

a first cutting element mounted in the first pocket, the first cutting element having a first body and a first cutting layer, wherein the first body has a first section having a third diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first body and a second section having a fourth diameter as measured along the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first body, wherein the first cutting layer has a first section having a fifth diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the first cutting layer and a second section having a sixth diameter as measured along the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first cutting layer, wherein the first body first section is attached to the first pocket;

a second cutting element mounted in the second pocket, wherein the second cutting element comprises a second body and a second cutting layer, wherein the second body has a first section having a seventh diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the second body and a second section having an eighth diameter as measured along the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the second body, wherein the second cutting layer has a first section having a ninth diameter as measured along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the second cutting layer and a second section having a tenth diameter as measured along the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the second cutting layer, wherein the second body first section is attached to the second pocket, wherein at least one of said fifth, sixth, ninth and tenth diameters is not equal to another of said fifth, sixth, ninth and tenth diameters, wherein when the first diameter is not equal to the second diameter, the sixth diameter is equal to the tenth diameter, and wherein when the first diameter is equal to the second diameter, the sixth diameter is not equal to the tenth diameter.

39. A bit as recited in claim 38 wherein the first body first section is longitudinally aligned with the first cutting layer first section and wherein the first body second section is longitudinally aligned with the first cutting layer second section and wherein the second body first section is longitudinally aligned with the second cutting layer first section and wherein the second body second section is longitudinally aligned with the second cutting layer second section.

40. A bit as recited in claim 39 wherein the third and fifth diameters are equal, wherein the fourth and sixth diameters are equal, wherein the seventh and ninth diameters are equal, and wherein the eighth and tenth diameters are equal.

41. A bit as recited in claim 38 wherein the first and second cutting layer are ultra hard material cutting layers.

42. A bit as recited in claim 38 wherein the first and second diameters are equal, wherein the sixth and tenth diameters are not equal and wherein the third diameter and the seventh diameter are equal.

43. A bit as recited in claim 42 wherein the third diameter is not equal to the fourth diameter and wherein the seventh diameter is not equal to the eighth diameter.

44. A bit as recited in claim 42 wherein the fifth diameter is not equal to the sixth diameter and wherein the ninth diameter is not equal to the tenth diameter.

45. A bit as recited in claim 38 wherein the first and second diameters are not equal, the sixth and tenth diameters are equal and wherein the third and seventh diameters are not equal.

46. A bit as recited in claim 45 wherein the fourth diameter is not equal to the third diameter and wherein the eighth diameter is not equal to the seventh diameter.

47. A bit as recited in claim 45 wherein the fifth diameter is not equal to the sixth diameter and wherein the ninth diameter is not equal to the tenth diameter.

48. A bit as recited in claim 38 wherein the first cutting layer second section is positioned to make cutting contact with the object being cut by the bit and wherein the second cutting layer second section is positioned to make cutting contact with the object being cut by the bit.

49. A cutting element comprising:

a body comprising a longitudinal axis and a periphery comprising at least two single curvature sections, each section having a single radius of curvature along a plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein each section has a different radius of curvature from an adjacent section, said single curvature sections defining the entire periphery; and

an ultra hard material layer formed over the body, the ultra hard material layer having a periphery, wherein the ultra hard material layer periphery comprises at least two single curvature sections along a plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein all single curvature sections of said ultra hard material layer have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along the periphery of said ultra hard material layer.

50. A bit comprising:

a bit body having a pocket; and

a cutting element having a longitudinal axis and mounted on the pocket, the cutting element comprising,

a cutting element body comprising a periphery comprising at least two single curvature sections along a plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein each section has a different radius of curvature from an adjacent section, said single curvature sections defining the entire periphery, and

an ultra hard material layer formed over the cutting element body, the ultra hard material layer having a periphery, wherein the ultra hard material layer periphery comprises at least two single curvature sections along a plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein all single curvature sections of said cutting element ultra hard material have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along the periphery of said ultra hard material layer.

51. A cutting element comprising:

a body comprising a longitudinal axis and an exposed periphery comprising at least two constant curvature sections, each section having a single radius of curvature along a first plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein each section has a different radius of curvature from an adjacent section, said constant curvature sections defining the entire periphery; and

an ultra hard material layer formed over the body, the ultra hard material layer having a periphery, wherein the ultra hard material layer periphery comprises at least two constant curvature sections along a second plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein all constant curvature sections of said ultra hard material layer have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along the periphery of said ultra hard material layer.

52. A bit comprising:

a bit body having a pocket; and

a cutting element having a longitudinal axis and mounted on the pocket, the cutting element comprising,

a cutting element body comprising a periphery comprising at least two constant curvature sections along a first plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein each section has a different radius of curvature from an adjacent section, said constant curvature sections defining the entire periphery, said periphery interfacing with said pocket, and

an ultra hard material layer formed over the cutting element body, the ultra hard material layer having a periphery, wherein the ultra hard material layer periphery comprises at least two constant curvature sections along a second plane generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, wherein all constant curvature sections of said cutting element ultra hard material have an equal thickness as measured longitudinally along the periphery of said ultra hard material layer.