Automated site security, monitoring and access control system

• US 7,466,223 B2
• Filed: 06/21/2006
• Issued: 12/16/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 05/21/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Neology Incorporated (OEP Technologie BV)
• Original Assignee: PIPS Technology Incorporated (3M Company)
• Inventors: Sefton, Alan K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hofsass; Jeff
• Assistant Examiner(s): Labbees; Edny
• Application Number:
  US11/425,415
• Publication Number:
  US 20070069921A1
• Time in Patent Office: 909 Days
• Field of Search: 340/937, 340/540, 340/541, 340/521, 348/118, 348/148
• US Class Current: 340/521
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/52 Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects recognising microscopic objects G06V20/69
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/0175 by photographing vehicles, e.g. when violating traffic rules
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/065 by counting the vehicles in a section of the road or in a parking area, i.e. comparing incoming count with outgoing count
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/207 with respect to certain areas, e.g. forbidden or allowed areas with possible alerting when inside or outside boundaries

Abstract

The invention provides for automatic monitoring and control of the ingress and egress of vehicles to and from various areas within a secure facility. A plurality of cameras, such as infrared-sensitive cameras, capture images of license plates and/or optically readable passive tags on vehicles traveling into and within the facility. A video image processing system detects and extracts a vehicle license plate number (LPN) or other such identifying characters within the captured image of the license plate. Based at least in part on the location of the camera that captured the LPN, the processor stores the LPN with a time-stamp in one or more vehicle databases, such as a site LPN database, an in-transit database, an employee database, an expected visitor database, a “blacklist” database, a loiterer database, a speeder database, a high-security database, a high-security parking lot database, a normal security parking lot database and a visitor parking lot database. Also, depending at least in part on the location of the camera that captured the LPN and whether the vehicle'"'"'s LPN is listed in one or more of the above-listed databases, the processor controls the actuation of various barriers or like devices to allow ingress to and egress from various restricted areas within the facility. The processor also preferably controls information posted on various terminals in the site, such as a Security Portal terminal and a parking lot pay booth terminal, and on variable messaging signs at various locations within the facility.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring and controlling access of vehicles as the vehicles seek access to and travel within a secure facility, the system comprising:

one or more vehicle databases for storing first license plate characters associated with a vehicle located within the secure facility, first location coordinates corresponding to a first location at which the first license plate characters were captured in a first image, and a first timestamp corresponding to a first time at which the first license plate characters were captured in the first image;

one or more mobile monitoring stations distributed within the secure facility, each mobile monitoring station comprising;

a video imaging device for capturing a second images of indicia on vehicles located within the facility;

a location determination device for determining second location coordinates of the mobile monitoring station positioned at a second location; and

a video image processing system in communication with the video imaging device for operating on the second images of the indicia to identify second license plate characters therein, the video image processing system for wirelessly transmitting the second license plate characters, the second location coordinates, and a second timestamp indicating a second time at which the second image was captured;

one or more processors in communication with one or more of the video imaging processing systems of the one or more mobile monitoring stations and in communication with the one or more vehicle databases, the one or more processors for

receiving the second license plate characters, the second location coordinates and the second timestamp,

accessing the one or more vehicle databases to determine whether the second license plate characters match the first license plate characters, and

when the second license plate characters match the first license plate characters, processing the first and second location coordinates to determine information indicative of movement of the vehicle during an elapsed time between the first time and the second time, and generating an output based on the information indicative of movement of the vehicle during the elapsed time; and

a communication network for providing communication between the processors, the mobile monitoring stations, and the vehicle databases.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the one or more processors are operable to process the first and second location coordinates to determine a distance between the first and second locations, to process the first and second timestamps to determine an elapsed time between the first and second times, and to generate the output based on the distance and the elapsed time.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the one or more vehicle databases include an on-site vehicle database for storing information associated with vehicles that are within the secure facility; and

the one or more processors are operable to provide to the on-site vehicle database information associated with the vehicles that has entered the secure facility as indicated by the first or second location coordinates.

4. The system of claim 1 further comprising:

the one or more vehicle databases including a blacklist database for storing information associated with vehicles that should not have access to a restricted area of the secure facility;

a security portal for communicating information from the one or more processors to security personnel; and

the one or more processors in communication with the blacklist database for accessing the blacklist database to determine whether the first or second license plate characters correspond to characters associated with a black-listed vehicles that should not have access to a restricted area of the secure facility, and upon entry of a black-listed vehicle into a restricted area as indicated by the first or second location coordinates, providing information to the security portal to alert the security personnel that a black-listed vehicle has entered a restricted area of the secure facility.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the one or more vehicle databases include an in-transit vehicle database for storing information associated with vehicles that have been admitted to the secure facility but which are not within a designated parking area within the secure facility;

the one or more vehicle databases include a parking area database for storing information associated with vehicles that are within a designated parking area within the secure facility; and

the one or more processors are operable to determine that a parked vehicle has second license late characters matching first license plate characters of a vehicle listed in the in-transit vehicle database,

determine that the second location coordinates of the parked vehicle correspond to a designated parking area

enter at least the second license plate characters into the parking area database, and

remove at least the first license plate characters from the in-transit vehicle database

thereby indicating that the parked vehicle is no longer in transit and is in a designated parking area within the secure facility.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the one or more mobile monitoring stations include;

a first mobile monitoring station disposed at the first location within the secure facility, the video imaging device of the first mobile monitoring station for capturing the first image of indicia on an in-transit vehicle when the in-transit vehicle passes near the first mobile monitoring station at the first time indicated by the first timestamp, the video image processing system of the first mobile monitoring station for operating on the first image of the indicia to identify the first license plate characters in the first image; and

a second mobile monitoring station disposed at the second location within the secure facility, the video imaging device of the second mobile monitoring station for capturing the second image of indicia on the in-transit vehicle when the in-transit vehicle passes near the second mobile monitoring station at the second time indicated by the second timestamp, the video image processing system of the second mobile monitoring station for operating on the second image of the indicia to identify the second license plate characters in the second image; and

the one or more processors are operable to

receive the first and second characters and determine that the second license plate characters match the first license plate characters,

receive the first and second timestamps,

receive the first and second location coordinates indicating the first and second locations,

determine a distance between the first and second locations based on the first and second location coordinates, and

determine an in-transit time between the first and second locations based on the difference between the first timestamp and the second timestamp.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein:

the one or more vehicle databases include a speeder database for storing information associated with vehicles that have exceeded a speed limit within the secure facility; and

the one or more processors are for generating a speeding alert signal when the in-transit time is less than a predetermined minimum time, communicating the speeding alert signal to a security portal to notify security personnel of a speeding vehicle, and providing to the speeder database information associated with vehicles that have exceeded the speed limit within the secure facility.

8. The system of claim 6 further comprising:

a variable message sign for displaying visual messages to operators of vehicles within the secure facility, the variable message sign in communication with the one or more processors; and

the one or more processors for generating a speeding alert signal when the in-transit time is less than a predetermined minimum time, and communicating the speeding alert signal to the variable message sign to notify an operator of a speeding vehicle that the vehicle has been detected exceeding a speed limit.

9. The system of claim 6 wherein:

the one or more vehicle databases include a loiterer database for storing information associated with vehicles that are determined to have loitered within the secure facility; and

the one or more processors are for generating a loitering alert signal when the in-transit time is greater than a predetermined maximum time, communicating the loitering alert signal to a security portal to notify security personnel of a loitering vehicle, and providing to the loiterer database information associated with vehicles that are determined to have loitered within the secure facility.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the one or more mobile monitoring stations include;

a first mobile monitoring station disposed at an entrance to a parking area within the secure facility, the video imaging device of the first mobile monitoring station for capturing the first images of indicia on a vehicles entering the parking area, the video image processing system of the first mobile monitoring station for operating on the first image of the indicia to identify the first license plate characters in the first image; and

a second mobile monitoring station disposed at an exit to the parking area, the video imaging device of the second mobile monitoring station for capturing the second image of indicia on a vehicles exiting the parking area, the video image processing system of the second mobile monitoring station for operating on the second image of the indicia to identify the second license plate characters in the second image;

the one or more vehicle databases include a parking area database for storing characters associated with vehicles that have entered the parking area; and

the one or more processors for providing to the parking area database information associated with vehicles that have entered the parking area, and for removing from the parking area database information associated with vehicles that have exited the parking area.

11. The system of claim 10 wherein:

the one or more vehicle databases include an in-transit vehicle database for storing information associated with vehicles that have been admitted to the secure facility and are in transit within the secure facility; and

the one or more processors are for removing from the in-transit vehicle database information associated with vehicles that have entered the parking area, and for providing to the in-transit vehicle database information associated with vehicles that have exited the parking area.

12. The system of claim 10 further comprising:

a variable message sign for displaying visual messages to operators of vehicles within the secure facility, the variable message sign in communication with the one or more processors; and

the one or more processors for maintaining a count of vehicles that are in the parking area at any given time, and communicating information related to the count to the variable message sign to notify an operator of a vehicle regarding a number of available parking spaces in the parking area.

13. The system of claim 1 wherein each of the one or more processors is a component of a corresponding one of the one or more mobile monitoring stations.

14. The system of claim 1 wherein the one or more processors comprise a central processor in communication with all of the mobile monitoring stations.

15. A method for monitoring and controlling access of vehicles as the vehicles seek access to or travel within a secure facility, the method comprising:

(a) storing first license plate character information associated with a vehicles traveling within the secure facility;

(b) storing first location coordinates corresponding to a first location at which the first license plate characters were captured in a first image;

(c) capturing a second images of indicia on a vehicle traveling within the secure facility or seeking access to an area of the secure facility;

(d) determining second location coordinates of a second location at which the second image of the vehicle was captured;

(e) operating on the second images to determine second license plate character information there from;

(f) comparing the second license plate character information to the first license plate character information; and

(g) when the first license plate character information matches the second license plate character information, processing the first and second location coordinates to determine information indicative of movement of the vehicle within the secure facility.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(g) controlling the operation of a barrier that blocks vehicle access to one of the areas of the secure facility;

(h) moving the barrier to allow a vehicle to access the area of the secure facility when the second license plate character information corresponds to stored license plate character information associated with a vehicle having prior authorization to travel into the area of the secure facility.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

(i) storing first license plate character information in an in-transit vehicle database indicating that the vehicle allowed access in step (h) is in transit within the area of the secure facility;

(j) capturing one or more images of indicia on the vehicle as it enters a parking area of the secure facility;

(k) operating on the one or more images captured in step (j) to determine second license plate character information there from;

(l) comparing the second license plate character information to the first license plate character information; and

(m) operating on the in-transit vehicle database to indicate that the vehicle having the second license plate character information is no longer in transit within the secure facility.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

(n) capturing one or more images of indicia on the vehicle as the vehicle exits the parking area of the secure facility;

(o) operating on the one or more images captured in step (n) to determine third license plate character information there from;

(p) comparing the second license plate character information to the third license plate character information; and

(q) operating on the in-transit vehicle database to indicate that the vehicle having the third license plate character information is in transit within the secure facility.

19. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(g) storing in the one or more vehicle databases first license plate character information associated with vehicles that are restricted from accessing one or more areas within the secure facility;

step (b) including capturing one or more images of indicia on a vehicle seeking access to a restricted area of the secure facility;

step (d) including operating on the one or more images captured in step (b) to determine second license plate character information there from;

(h) comparing the second license plate character information to the first license plate character information stored in step (g); and

(i) communicating an alert signal to security personnel when the second license plate character information corresponds to the first license plate character information stored in step (g).

20. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(g) determining an elapsed time between a first capture of indicia on a vehicle at a first location within the secure facility and a second capture of indicia on the same vehicle at a second location within the secure facility;

(h) determining whether the vehicle exceeded a speed limit while traveling between the first and second locations based on the elapsed time determined in step (g); and

(i) storing violation information associated with the vehicle if the vehicle exceeded the speed limit.

21. The method of claim 20 further comprising (j) sending speeding alert information to security personnel if the vehicle exceeded the speed limit.

22. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(g) determining an elapsed time between a first capture of indicia on a vehicle at a first location within the secure facility and a second capture of indicia on the same vehicle at a second location within the secure facility;

(h) determining whether the vehicle loitered while traveling between the first and second locations based on the elapsed time determined in step (g); and

(i) storing violation information associated with the vehicle if the vehicle loitered between the first and second locations.

23. The method of claim 22 further comprising (j) sending loitering alert information to security personnel if the vehicle loitered within the secure facility.

24. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(g) incrementing a count of vehicles in a parking area in the secure facility when a vehicle enters the parking area;

(h) decrementing the count of vehicles in the parking area when a vehicle exits the parking area;

(i) comparing the count of vehicles in the parking area to a capacity of the parking area;

(j) determining a number of parking spaces available in the parking area based on the comparison of step (i); and

(k) displaying to an operator of a vehicle approaching the parking area a message related to the number of parking spaces determined in step (j).

25. A apparatus for monitoring and controlling access of vehicles as the vehicles seek access to or travel within a secure facility, the apparatus comprising:

means for storing first license plate character information associated with a vehicles traveling within the secure facility and for storing first location coordinates corresponding to a first location at which the first license late characters information was captured in a first image;

means for capturing a second image of indicia on a vehicle traveling within the secure facility or seeking access to one of the areas of the secure facility;

means for determining second location coordinates of a second location at which the second image of the vehicle was captured;

means for operating on the second images to determine second license plate character information there from;

means for comparing the second license plate character information to the first license plate character information; and

means for processing the first and second location coordinates to determine information indicative of movement of the vehicle within the secure facility.