Method and article of manufacture for monitoring state of health of an electrical energy storage device

• US 7,567,086 B2
• Filed: 11/21/2006
• Issued: 07/28/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 12/09/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Inventors: Salman, Mutasim A., Verbrugge, Mark W., Yao, Zhenhui
• Primary Examiner(s): TSO, EDWARD H
• Application Number:
  US11/561,907
• Publication Number:
  US 20070132456A1
• Time in Patent Office: 980 Days
• Field of Search: 324/426, 324/427, 324/430, 324/433, 320/107, 320/132, 320/141, 320/162
• US Class Current: 324/426
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/045 Circuits measuring resistance per se G01R27/00, e.g. G01R27/22
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/005 Testing of electric installations on transport means
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3647 for determining the ability of a battery to perform a critical function, e.g. cranking
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/374 with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/389 Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/392 Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health

Abstract

There is provided a method and article of manufacture for monitoring an electrical energy storage device for a system. The method comprises stabilizing the electrical energy storage device. Once the device is stabilized, a discrete electrical load is cyclically applied to the electrical energy storage device and state variables of the electrical energy storage device are monitored. A resistance of the electrical energy storage device is determined, and a remaining useful life parameter of the electrical energy storage device is determined based upon the determined resistance.

Claims

1. Method for monitoring an electrical energy storage device, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying an electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

,

determining a remaining useful life parameter of the electrical energy storage device based upon the determined resistance.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein cyclically applying the electrical load to the electrical energy storage device comprises cyclically activating and deactivating a discrete electrical load.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein cyclically applying the discrete electrical load further comprises:

selectively decreasing a cycle period for activating and deactivating the discrete electrical load.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising executing the method during a period in which the system is deactivated.

4. Method for monitoring an electrical energy storage device, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically activating and deactivating a discrete electrical load including executing a plurality of successive cyclical electrical load events each cyclical load event comprising a plurality of cycles of the discrete electrical load applied at a fixed frequency, wherein each successive cyclical electrical load event is executed at an increased frequency;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

determining a remaining useful life parameter of the electrical energy storage device based upon the determined resistance.

5. Method for monitoring an electrical energy storage device, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying an electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device comprising estimating the resistance by recursively executing a parametric equation comprising a mathematical model of an electrical circuit representative of the electrical energy storage device based upon the monitored state variables of the electrical energy storage device; and

determining a remaining useful life parameter of the electrical energy storage device based upon the determined resistance.

6. Method for monitoring an electrical energy storage device, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying an electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

determining a remaining useful life parameter of the electrical energy storage device based upon the determined resistance comprising comparing the determined resistance and resistances of a new device and a low limit device.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising comparing the determined resistance and the resistances of a new device and a low limit device based upon temperature.

8. Method for monitoring an electrical energy storage device, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device comprising executing the method only after a delay of an elapsed period of time sufficient for the electrical energy storage device to achieve ambient temperature;

cyclically applying an electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

determining a remaining useful life parameter of the electrical energy storage device based upon the determined resistance.

10. Method for monitoring a state of health of an electrical energy storage device for a system, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

,

comparing the determined resistance and resistances of a new device and a low limit device based upon temperature.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein cyclically applying a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device comprises cyclically activating and deactivating the electrical load at decreasing cycle periods.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein cyclically activating and deactivating the electrical load at decreasing cycle periods comprises cycle periods ranging from about twenty seconds to less than five seconds.

13. Method for monitoring a state of health of an electrical energy storage device for a system, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device comprising recursively solving a parametric equation representative of the electrical energy storage device based upon the monitored state variables of the electrical energy storage device; and

comparing the determined resistance and resistances of a new device and a low limit device based upon temperature.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the monitored state variables comprise voltage and current.

15. Method for monitoring a state of health of an electrical energy storage device for a system, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

comparing the determined resistance and resistances of a new device and a low limit device based upon temperature, including linearly comparing the determined resistance and resistances of the new device and the low limit device.

16. Method for monitoring a state of health of an electrical energy storage device for a system, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

comparing the determined resistance and resistances of a new device and a low limit device based upon temperature including exponentially comparing the determined resistance and resistances of the new device and the low limit device.

17. Method for monitoring a state of health of an electrical energy storage device for a system, comprising:

stabilizing the electrical energy storage device including deactivating the system for a period effective to stabilize temperature of the electrical energy storage device;

cyclically applying a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

monitoring state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

determining a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

comparing the determined resistance and resistances of a new device and a low limit device based upon temperature.

18. Article of manufacture, comprising a storage medium having machine-executable code encoded therein effective to monitor a state of health of an electrical energy storage device for a system, the code comprising:

code to stabilize the electrical energy storage device;

code to cyclically apply a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device;

code to monitor state variables of the electrical energy storage device;

code to determine a resistance of the electrical energy storage device; and

,

code to determine a remaining useful life parameter of the electrical energy storage device based upon the determined resistance.

19. The article of claim 18, wherein code to selectively apply a discrete electrical load to the electrical energy storage device comprises code to cyclically activate and deactivate a discrete electrical load.

20. The article of claim 18, wherein the code to determine a resistance of the electrical energy storage device comprises code to recursively execute an equation effective to estimate parameters of the electrical energy storage device based upon the monitored state variables of the electrical energy storage device.