Radio frequency identification device and method

• US 7,583,192 B2
• Filed: 12/11/2006
• Issued: 09/01/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 08/12/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Round Rock Research LLC
• Original Assignee: Keystone Technology Solutions, LLC
• Inventors: Tuttle, John R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Tai T
• Application Number:
  US11/638,248
• Publication Number:
  US 20070103316A1
• Time in Patent Office: 995 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572.1, 340/572.4, 340/572.8, 340/573.1, 340/825.3, 340/870.16, 340/573.4, 342/44, 342/50, 235/490, 235/492
• US Class Current: 340/572.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/758 using a signal generator powered by the interrogation signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/767 Responders; Transponders teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using reflecting targets or active targets F41G3/26
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0702 the arrangement including a battery
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0728 the arrangement being an optical or sound-based communication interface
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/073 Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory protection against unauthorised use of computer memory G06F12/14
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07749 the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07758 arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0776 the adhering arrangement being a layer of adhesive, so that the record carrier can function as a sticker
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07786 the antenna being of the HF type, such as a dipole
• CPC Class Codes: G07B 2017/00629 Circuit, e.g. transponder
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/604 Address structures or formats
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/622 Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5038 for local use, e.g. in LAN or USB networks, or in a controller area network [CAN]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5046 Resolving address allocation conflicts; Testing of addresses testing when self-assigning an address H04L61/5092
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5084 Providing for device mobility network addressing or numbering for mobility support in wireless networks H04W8/26; mobile IP H04W80/04

Abstract

The present invention teaches a method of manufacturing an enclosed transceiver, such as a radio frequency identification (“RFID”) tag. Structurally, in one embodiment, the tag comprises an integrated circuit (IC) chip, and an RF antenna mounted on a thin film substrate powered by a thin film battery. A variety of antenna geometries are compatible with the above tag construction. These include monopole antennas, dipole antennas, dual dipole antennas, a combination of dipole and loop antennas. Further, in another embodiment, the antennas are positioned either within the plane of the thin film battery or superjacent to the thin film battery.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

an article to be transported;

a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag physically associated with the article to be transported, the RFID tag comprising a thin base layer having a mounting portion on one surface, one or more antennas disposed on the base layer, and a radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit disposed adjacent the mounting portion having a memory for storing data, wherein the RFID tag is of non-uniform thickness, including a first thickness at a first location on the RFID tag that includes the base layer and a second thickness, greater than the first thickness, at a second location that includes the mounting portion; and

an interrogation system configured to use RF signals to read, from the RFID tag, an identification code, wherein the identification code is to be associated with the article.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a capacitively coupled power supply configured to supply power to the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the presence of radio frequency signals.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is configured to communicate radio frequency signals by reflecting received radio frequency signals.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is configured to receive spread spectrum modulated signals.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is configured to receive radio frequency signals transmitted at a frequency greater than 200 MHz.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is configured to receive radio frequency signals at a frequency greater than 800 MHz.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a battery to supply power to the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a wake circuit in the RFID tag configured to cause the radio frequency integrated circuit to transition from a sleep mode to an active mode in the presence of received radio frequency signals.

9. The system of claim 1 and further comprising:

a second interrogation system positioned along a route, the second interrogation system configured to use RF signals to read, from the RFID tag, an identification code associated with the article.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the interrogation system includes a first interrogator located at a shipment origin and a second interrogator located at a shipment destination.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the interrogation system is configured to determine description information associated with the article.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the first thickness is no more than ten thousandths of an inch thick, and the second thickness is greater than ten thousandths of an inch thick.

13. A system, comprising:

an article for transportation having an RFID device physically associated thereto, the RFID device having a mounting portion on one surface, one or more antennas, and an integrated circuit disposed adjacent the mounting portion including a memory for storing data associated with the article, wherein the RFID device has a first thickness through at least one location on the RFID device and a second greater thickness in the mounting portion; and

an interrogation system, at a shipment origin, to transmit to the RFID device a radio frequency interrogation message requesting the data, and to receive from the RFID device, responsive to the interrogation message, the data retrieved from the memory and communicated from the RFID device, wherein the data identifies a shipment destination of the article.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the RFID device further comprises a capacitively coupled power supply to supply power to the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the presence of radio frequency signals.

15. The system of claim 13, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit transmitter in the RFID device is configured to communicate radio frequency signals by reflecting received radio frequency signals.

16. The system of claim 13, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID device is configured to receive spread spectrum modulated signals using binary phase shift keyed modulation.

17. The system of claim 13, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID device is configured to receive radio frequency signals transmitted at a frequency greater than 200 MHz.

18. The system of claim 13, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID device is configured to receive radio frequency signals at a frequency greater than 800 MHz.

19. The system of claim 13, wherein the RFID device further comprises a battery configured to supply power to the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the RFID device further comprises a wake circuit in the RFID device configured to cause the radio frequency integrated circuit to transition from a sleep mode to an active mode in the presence of received radio frequency signals.

21. The system of claim 13, further comprising a unit to read the RFID device using light to determine identifying information associated with the article.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein a source of the light includes a laser diode.

23. The system of claim 13, further comprising an interrogation system, at a shipment destination of the article, configured to read the RFID device electronically at the shipment destination to determine identifying information associated with the article.

24. The system of claim 23, further comprising an interrogation system, at a point along a shipment route of the article between the shipment origin and the shipment destination, configured to read the RFID device electronically to determine identifying information associated with the article.

25. The system of claim 23, wherein the interrogation system at the shipment destination, is configured to determine the shipment origin of the article from reading the identifying information associated with the article.

26. The system of claim 13, wherein the first thickness is no more than ten thousandths of an inch thick, and the second thickness is greater than ten thousandths of an inch thick.

27. A system for transporting articles, comprising;

an interrogation unit located at a shipment origin, the interrogation unit configured to transmit in remote proximity of an article, a radio frequency interrogation message requesting data associated with the article, the article comprising an RFID tag which further comprises a base layer having a mounting portion on one surface, one or more antennas disposed on the base layer, a transceiver integrated circuit disposed adjacent the mounting portion having a memory for storing data, and electrical connections coupling the transceiver integrated circuit to the one or more antennas, wherein the RFID tag comprises a first thickness along an edge of the RFID tag and a greater thickness in the mounting portion; and

the interrogation unit configured to receive from the RFID tag a signal containing data retrieved from the memory,

wherein the interrogation unit is further configured to interpret the data received to identify a shipment destination.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a capacitively coupled power supply configured to supply power to the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the presence of radio frequency signals.

29. The system of claim 27, wherein the transceiver integrated circuit transmitter in the RFID tag is configured to communicate radio frequency signals by reflecting received radio frequency signals.

30. The system of claim 27, wherein the transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is configured to receive spread spectrum modulated signals.

31. The system of claim 27, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is configured to receive radio frequency signals transmitted at a frequency greater than 200 MHz.

32. The system of claim 27, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is operable to receive radio frequency signals at a frequency greater than 800 MHz.

33. The system of claim 27, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a battery operable to supply power to the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a wake circuit in the RFID tag operable to cause the radio frequency integrated circuit to transition from a sleep mode to an active mode in the presence of received radio frequency signals.

35. The system of claim 27, wherein the interrogation unit farther comprises a unit to read the RFID tag using light to determine identifying information associated with the article.

36. The system of claim 35, wherein a source of the light includes a laser diode.

37. The system of claim 27, wherein the first thickness is no more than ten thousandths of an inch thick.

38. A system for transporting an article along an intended route, comprising:

an interrogation unit operable to transmit to a label, physically associated with a first article, a radio frequency interrogation message requesting data associated with the first article, the label comprising a base layer having a thickness within a range of one to five mils and a mounting portion on one surface, one or more antennas disposed on the base layer, and an integrated circuit disposed adjacent the mounting portion having memory storing data associated with the first article, wherein the label thickness is greatest proximate the mounting portion; and

the interrogation unit further operable to receive from the label, a signal containing the data retrieved from the memory, wherein the first article is to be handled based at least in part on the data received from the label.

39. The system of claim 38, wherein the label farther comprises a capacitively coupled power supply operable to supply power to the integrated circuit in the presence of radio frequency signals.

40. The system of claim 38, wherein the label is operable for communicating radio frequency signals by reflecting received radio frequency signals.

41. The system of claim 38, wherein the label is operable to receive signals using binary phase shift keyed modulation.

42. The system of claim 38, wherein the label is operable for receiving radio frequency signals at a frequency greater than 800 MHz.

43. The system of claim 38, wherein the label farther comprises a battery operable to supply power to the integrated circuit.

44. The system of claim 43, wherein the label farther comprises a wake circuit operable to cause the integrated circuit to transition from a sleep mode to an active mode in the presence of received radio frequency signals.

45. A system comprising:

a unit to transmit a radio frequency signal to an RFID tag physically associated with an article to be shipped, the RFID tag comprising a thin flexible layer having a mounting portion on one surface, one or more antennas disposed on the flexible layer, and a radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit disposed adjacent the mounting portion having a memory storing data associated with the article, wherein the RFID tag is non-uniform in thickness, having a thinnest portion in a peripheral region of the RFID tag and a greatest thickness proximate the mounting portion,

wherein the radio frequency signal to be transmitted to the RFID tag is to include the data to be stored in the memory.

46. The system of claim 45, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a capacitively coupled power supply operable to supply power to the integrated circuit in the presence of radio frequency signals.

47. The system of claim 45, wherein the RFID tag is operable to communicate radio frequency signals by reflecting received radio frequency signals.

48. The system of claim 45, wherein the radio frequency transceiver integrated circuit in the RFID tag is operable to receive spread spectrum modulated signals.

49. The system of claim 45, wherein the RFID tag is operable to receive radio frequency signals transmitted at a frequency greater than 200 MHz.

50. The system of claim 45, wherein the RFID tag is operable to receive radio frequency signals at a frequency greater than 800 MHz.

51. The system of claim 45, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a battery operable to supply power to the integrated circuit.

52. The system of claim 51, wherein the RFID tag further comprises a wake circuit in the RFID tag operable to cause the integrated circuit to transition from a sleep mode to an active mode in the presence of received radio frequency signals.