Biological signal management

• US 7,587,237 B2
• Filed: 02/02/2004
• Issued: 09/08/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 02/02/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Braemar Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Cardionet Incorporated
• Inventors: Korzinov, Lev, Baumann, Eric
• Primary Examiner(s): Bockelman; Mark W
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bertram; Eric D
• Application Number:
  US10/770,702
• Publication Number:
  US 20050171448A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,045 Days
• Field of Search: 607/18, 600/509
• US Class Current: 600/509
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/316 Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/318 Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/361 Detecting fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/363 Detecting tachycardia or bradycardia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/364 Detecting abnormal ECG interval, e.g. extrasystoles, ectopic heartbeats

Abstract

Systems and techniques for managing biological signals. In one implementation, a method includes receiving a cardiac biological signal that includes information describing events, determining a merit of each event based on one or more of a severity of a cardiac condition associated with the event and a quality of the event, and handling a subset of the events that meet a merit criterion. The subset can be handled for medical purposes.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring a cardiac biological signal using electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, comprising:

receiving, at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, the cardiac biological signal that includes information describing events, wherein events comprise periods in time when an information content of the cardiac biological signal is of increased relevance to a particular purpose and the events are demarcated by periods of time that are not of increased relevance to the particular purpose;

at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, classifying the events into two or more categories based on cardiac conditions indicated by the information describing each event;

at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, determining a measure of merit of the information describing each event, wherein the measure of merit embodies a severity of the cardiac condition associated with the event and an amount of noise in the information describing the event;

comparing, at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, the measure of merit of information describing each event with a first merit criterion;

transmitting, for medical purposes, information describing a first proper subset of the events in a first of the categories that have merits meeting the first merit criterion from the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation to a remote medical receiver, wherein the remote medical receiver is not located at the same site at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation;

at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, discarding information describing a second proper subset of the events in the first of the categories that have measures of merit that fail to meet the first merit criterion;

comparing, at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, the measure of merit of information describing each event with a second merit criterion;

transmitting, for medical purposes, information describing a third proper subset of the events in a second of the categories that have measures of merit meeting the second merit criterion from the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation to the remote medical receiver, wherein the second category differs from the first category and the second merit criterion differs from the first merit criterion; and

at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, discarding information describing a fourth proper subset of the events in the second of the categories that have measures of merit that fail to meet the second merit criterion.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first merit criterion is based on measures of merit of other events in the first of the categories.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the information describing the first proper subset comprises transmitting the information describing events that have measures of merit among a certain number of the most meritorious in the first of the categories.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the first proper subset of the events comprises events that occur within a certain time span and excludes events occurring outside the certain time span.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein:

the first proper subset of the events comprises events that occur within a predetermined time span and excludes events occurring outside the predetermined time span.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the cardiac biological signal comprises receiving a measurement of electrical potential.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying the events as one or more of an asystole event, a tachycardia event, a bradycardia event, and an atrial fibrillation/flutter event based on identifying characteristics of these events.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying the events based on a frequency of heart beats.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising associating information describing each event in the first proper subset with information describing a time span in which the event occurred.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein associating the information describing each event in the first proper subset with the information describing the time span comprises associating the information describing each event in the first proper subset with the information describing the time span when the event measure of merit is among a predetermined number of the most meritorious events in the first of the categories.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein associating the information describing each event in the first proper subset with the information describing the time span comprises generating a data structure having a time stamp associated with the information describing the event.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein associating information describing each event in the first proper subset comprises associating raw data drawn from an electrocardiogram with information describing the time span in which the event occurred.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the cardiac biological signal comprises a stream of information describing a state of a heart of a biological system.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising comparing a first measure of merit of information describing a first event with a second measure of merit of information describing a second event to identify a more meritorious event.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising creating an episode describing the more meritorious event.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein creating the episode comprises summarizing a relevance of the information describing the more meritorious event.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the cardiac biological signal comprises an electrocardiogram signal.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein:

a first event described in the cardiac biological signal has a first duration;

a second event described in the cardiac biological signal has a second duration; and

the first duration is not equal to the second duration.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying a first event as a tachycardia event.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying a first event as a bradycardia event.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying a first event as an atrial fibrillation/flutter event.

22. A method of monitoring a cardiac biological signal using electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, comprising:

receiving a cardiac biological signal that includes information describing events at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, wherein events comprise periods in time when an information content of the cardiac biological signal is of increased relevance to a particular purpose and the events are demarcated by periods of time that are not of increased relevance to the particular purpose;

determining, at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, a measure of merit of information describing each event, wherein the measure of merit embodies both the severity of the cardiac condition indicated by the information describing the event and an amount of noise in the information describing the event;

comparing, at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, the measure of merit of information describing each event with a merit criterion;

transmitting, for medical purposes, information describing a first proper subset of the events that have measures of merit meeting the merit criterion from the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation to a remote medical receiver; and

discarding information describing a second proper subset of the events that have measures of merit that fail to meet the merit criterion at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein determining the measure of merit of the information describing each event comprises determining the amount of noise in the information describing the event.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein determining the measure of merit of the information describing each event comprises determining a signal dropout during the event.

25. An article comprising one or more machine-readable media storing instructions operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations for monitoring a cardiac biological signal using electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, the operations comprising:

receiving the cardiac biological signal that includes information describing events, wherein events comprise periods in time when an information content of the cardiac biological signal is of increased relevance to a particular purpose and the events are demarcated by periods of time that are not of increased relevance to the particular purpose;

classifying the events into two or more categories based on cardiac conditions indicated by the information describing each event;

determining a measure of merit of the information describing each event, wherein the measure of merit embodies a severity of the cardiac condition associated with the event and a an amount of noise in the information describing the event;

comparing the measure of merit of information describing each event with a first merit criterion;

transmitting, for medical purposes, information describing a first proper subset of the events in a first of the categories that have merits meeting the first merit criterion to a remote medical receiver, wherein the remote medical receiver is not located at the same site at the electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation;

discarding information describing a second proper subset of the events in the first of the categories that have measures of merit that fail to meet the first merit criterion;

comparing the measure of merit of information describing each event with a second merit criterion;

transmitting, for medical purposes, information describing a third proper subset of the events in a second of the categories that have measures of merit meeting the second merit criterion to the remote medical receiver, wherein the second category differs from the first category and the second merit criterion differs from the first merit criterion; and

discarding information describing a fourth proper subset of the events in the second of the categories that have measures of merit that fail to meet the second merit criterion.

26. The article of claim 25, wherein the first merit criterion is based on measures of merit of other events in the first of the categories.

27. The article of claim 25, wherein the operations further comprise associating information describing each event in the first proper subset with information describing a time span in which the event occurred.

28. The article of claim 27, wherein associating the information describing each event in the first proper subset with the information describing the time span comprises associating the information describing each event in the first proper subset with the information describing the time span in which the event measure of merit is among a predetermined number of the most meritorious events in the first of the categories.

29. The article of claim 27, wherein associating the information describing each event in the first proper subset with the information describing the time span comprises generating a data structure having a time stamp associated with the information describing the event.

30. The article of claim 25, wherein the operations further comprise creating an episode describing the more meritorious event.

31. The article of claim 30, wherein creating the episode comprises summarizing a relevance of the information describing the more meritorious event.

32. The article of claim 25, wherein the cardiac biological signal comprises an electrocardiogram signal.

33. The article of claim 25, wherein:

a first event described in the cardiac biological signal has a first duration;

a second event described in the cardiac biological signal has a second duration; and

the first duration is not equal to the second duration.

34. The article of claim 25, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying a first event as a tachycardia event.

35. The article of claim 25, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying a first event as a bradycardia event.

36. The article of claim 25, wherein classifying the events comprises classifying a first event as an atrial fibrillation/flutter event.

37. An article comprising one or more machine-readable media storing instructions operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations for monitoring a cardiac biological signal using electrocardiographic monitoring instrumentation, the operations comprising:

receiving a cardiac biological signal that includes information describing events, wherein events comprise periods in time when an information content of the cardiac biological signal is of increased relevance to a particular purpose and the events are demarcated by periods of time that are not of increased relevance to the particular purpose;

determining a measure of merit of information describing each event, wherein the measure of merit embodies both the severity of the cardiac condition indicated by the information describing the event and an amount of noise in the information describing the event;

comparing the measure of merit of information describing each event with a merit criterion;

transmitting, for medical purposes, information describing a first proper subset of the events that have measures of merit meeting the merit criterion to a remote medical receiver; and

discarding information describing a second proper subset of the events that have measures of merit that fail to meet the merit criterion.

38. The article of claim 37, wherein determining the measure of merit of the information describing each event comprises determining the amount of noise in the information describing the event.

39. The article of claim 37, wherein determining the measure of merit of the information describing each event comprises determining a signal dropout during the event.