Scramble methods and apparatus for packetized digital video signal in conditional access system

• US 7,593,529 B1
• Filed: 01/27/2000
• Issued: 09/22/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 01/27/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Agere Systems Incorporated (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Yang, Xiaowen
• Primary Examiner(s): Revak; Christopher A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Moorthy; Aravind K
• Application Number:
  US09/492,454
• Time in Patent Office: 3,526 Days
• Field of Search: 380/200, 380/210, 380/216, 380/217, 713/150, 713/160
• US Class Current: 380/200
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/601 Broadcast encryption
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/065 Encryption by serially and continuously modifying data stream elements, e.g. stream cipher systems, RC4, SEAL or A5/3
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2347 involving video stream encryption
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23476 by partially encrypting, e.g. encrypting the ending portion of a movie
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/26606 for generating or managing entitlement messages, e.g. Entitlement Control Message [ECM] or Entitlement Management Message [EMM] arrangements for conditional access to broadcast information or to broadcast-related services H04H60/14
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/26613 for generating or managing keys in general key distribution for secret or secure communication involving central third party, e.g. key distribution center [KDC] or trusted third party [TTP] H04L9/083; network support of key management H04L63/06; key management for network security in communication control or processing H04W12/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/44055 by partially decrypting, e.g. decrypting a video stream that has been partially encrypted
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4623 Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message] arrangements for conditional access to broadcast information or to broadcast-related services H04H60/14
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/1675 Providing digital key or authorisation information for generation or regeneration of the scrambling sequence pseudo-random number generators in general G06F7/58

Abstract

A conditional access scrambling or encryption technique for a packetized digital data stream, e.g., a MPEG-2 bitstream, (1) by scrambling or encrypting the data payload of selective transport payload packets (e.g., every nth packet); (2) by scrambling or encrypting only a portion (e.g., a central portion) of the data payload of every transport payload packets; or (3) by both scrambling or encrypting the data payload of every nth packet and scrambling or encrypting only a portion of the data payload of every transport payload packet. With advance knowledge by the subscriber'"'"'s descrambler of which payload packets are being scrambled, and/or of which portion of which payload packets, descrambling can be performed with minimal processing and without the need to first recreate the underlying image and/or audio.

Claims

1. A method of scrambling a data stream, comprising:

encoding a plurality of video frames to generate a compressed bitstream;

generating a stream of transport packets to transport the compressed bitstream, wherein each transport packet has a fixed length and comprises (i) a header and (ii) a payload having data from the compressed bitstream;

selecting every n-th transport packet in said stream of transport packets for scrambling processing, where n is a positive integer;

in each selected transport packet, scrambling a first portion of the payload while leaving at least a second portion of the payload unscrambled to generate a corresponding scrambled transport packet; and

transmitting a stream of transport packets having the generated scrambled transport packets from a transmitter of a conditional access system.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising leaving at least some non-selected transport packets in said stream of transport packets unscrambled.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of selecting comprises selecting every transport packet in said stream of transport packets.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein n is an integer greater than one.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising scrambling the entire payload in at least some non-selected transport packets of said stream of transport packets.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, in all selected packets, the first portion is at a fixed location within the transport packet.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first portion includes a center point of the corresponding transport packet.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, in at least two of the selected packets, the respective first portions have different locations within the respective payloads.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising changing locations of the first portions within payloads of the selected transport packets in coordination with a descrambler.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein, in at least two of the selected packets, the respective first portions have different lengths.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein, in at least some of the selected packets, the first portion is surrounded on both sides by the second portion.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scrambling comprises inverting data within the first portion.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the compressed bitstream is an MPEG data stream.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the compressed bitstream includes an audio signal.

15. Apparatus for scrambling a data stream, comprising:

means for encoding a plurality of video frames to generate a compressed bitstream;

means for generating a stream of transport packets to transport the compressed bitstream, wherein each transport packet has a fixed length and comprises (i) a header and (ii) a payload having data from the compressed bitstream;

means for selecting every n-th transport packet in said stream of transport packets for scrambling processing, where n is a positive integer; and

means for scrambling a first portion of the payload in each selected transport packet while leaving at least a second portion of the payload unscrambled.

16. A descrambling method, comprising:

receiving, at a receiver of a conditional access system, a stream of transport packets that transports a compressed bitstream, wherein;

each transport packet has a fixed length and comprises (i) a header and (ii) a payload having data from the compressed bitstream; and

the compressed bitstream encodes a plurality of video frames;

selecting every n-th transport packet in said stream of transport packets for descrambling processing, where n is a positive integer;

in each selected transport packet, descrambling a first portion of the payload while not subjecting at least a second portion of the payload to descrambling; and

reconstructing the compressed bitstream using the descrambled first portions of the selected transport packets.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of selecting comprises selecting every transport packet in said stream of transport packets.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein n is an integer greater than one.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein, in all selected packets, the first portion is at a fixed location within the transport packet.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the first portion includes a center point of the corresponding transport packet.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein, in at least two of the selected packets, the respective first portions have different locations within the respective payloads.

22. The method of claim 16, wherein, in at least two of the selected packets, the respective first portions have different lengths.

23. The method of claim 16, wherein, in at least some of the selected packets, the first portion is surrounded on both sides by the second portion.

24. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of descrambling comprises inverting data within the first portion.

25. The method of claim 16, wherein the compressed bitstream is an MPEG data stream.

26. The method of claim 16, wherein the compressed bitstream includes an audio signal.

27. A receiver, comprising:

means for receiving a stream of transport packets that transports a compressed bitstream, wherein;

each transport packet has a fixed length and comprises (i) a header and (ii) a payload having data from the compressed bitstream; and

the compressed bitstream encodes a plurality of video frames;

means for selecting every n-th transport packet in said stream of transport packets for descrambling processing, where n is a positive integer;

means for descrambling a first portion of the payload in each selected transport packet and not subjecting at least a second portion of the payload to descrambling; and

means for reconstructing the compressed bitstream using the descrambled first portions of the selected transport packets.