Implantable and rechargeable neural stimulator

• US 7,616,990 B2
• Filed: 10/24/2005
• Issued: 11/10/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Scheiner, Avram, Caparso, Anthony, Chavan, Abhi
• Primary Examiner(s): MANUEL, GEORGE C
• Application Number:
  US11/256,907
• Publication Number:
  US 20070093875A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,478 Days
• Field of Search: 607/2, 607/9, 607/27, 607/49, 600/459, 600/309, 429/162
• US Class Current: 607/2
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3605 Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36071 Pain
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36117 for treating hypertension
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36135 using physiological parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37205 Microstimulators, e.g. implantable through a cannula
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37217 characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37288 Communication to several implantable medical devices within one patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source

Abstract

One aspect of the present subject matter relates to an implantable medical device. An embodiment of the device comprises a rechargeable power supply adapted to be recharged through an ultrasound signal, a neural stimulator connected to the rechargeable power supply, and a controller connected to the rechargeable power supply. The neural stimulator is adapted to generate a neural stimulation signal for delivery to a neural stimulation target through an electrode. The controller is further connected to the neural stimulator to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol. Other aspects are provided herein.

Claims

1. An implantable medical device for therapeutically stimulating a neural stimulation target of a human from a blood vessel of the human, comprising:

a rechargeable power supply adapted to be recharged through an ultrasound signal;

an electrode;

a neural stimulator connected to the rechargeable power supply, the neural stimulator being adapted to generate a neural stimulation signal for delivery to the neural stimulation target through the electrode;

a controller connected to the rechargeable power supply, and further connected to the neural stimulator to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol to deliver a neural stimulation therapy;

a pressure sensor electrically connected to the controller,

wherein the power supply, the electrode, the neural stimulator, the controller and the pressure sensor are adapted to be chronically implanted in the blood vessel.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the electrode and the pressure sensor are integrated with a housing of the implantable medical device.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein both of the electrode and the pressure sensor are integrated with a housing of the implantable medical device.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to autonomously control a neural stimulation process in response to a sensed pressure within the vessel.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to control a baroreceptor stimulation process in response to a sensed pressure within the vessel.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the controller is adapted to control a vagal stimulation process in response to the sensed pressure within the vessel.

7. The device of claim 5, wherein the controller is adapted to control neural stimulation of a cardiac nerve in response to the sensed pressure within the vessel.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the device has a structure adapted to expand to secure the device in the vessel.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to respond to a sensed pressure within the blood vessel by activating the neural stimulator to deliver the neural stimulation therapy.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the neural stimulation target is an afferent nerve trunk outside of the blood vessel, the electrode and the neural stimulator are adapted to cooperate to transvascularly stimulate the afferent nerve trunk from a chronically implanted position within the blood vessel to trigger a baroreflex response, and the controller is adapted to control the neural stimulator to deliver a baroreflex therapy.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the neural stimulation target includes a baroreceptor, the electrode and the neural stimulator are adapted to cooperate to stimulate the baroreceptor from a chronically implanted position within the blood vessel to trigger a baroreflex response, and the controller is adapted to control the neural stimulator to deliver a baroreflex therapy.

12. An implantable medical device for therapeutically stimulating a neural stimulation target of a human, comprising:

a rechargeable power supply adapted to be recharged through an ultrasound signal;

an electrode;

a neural stimulator connected to the rechargeable power supply, the neural stimulator being adapted to generate a neural stimulation signal for delivery to the neural stimulation target through the electrode;

a controller connected to the rechargeable power supply, and further connected to the neural stimulator to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol to deliver a neural stimulation therapy; and

a communication module connected to the controller, the communication module being adapted to transmit and receive ultrasound communication signals,

wherein the rechargeable power supply and the communication module share subcomponents.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein the device is adapted to communicate with at least one other implantable device using ultrasound communication signals.

14. The device of claim 12, wherein the device is adapted to communicate with an external device using ultrasound communication signals.

15. The device of claim 12, wherein the rechargeable power supply and the communication module share at least one ultrasound transducer.

16. An implantable medical device for therapeutically stimulating a neural stimulation target of a human, comprising:

a rechargeable power supply adapted to be recharged through an ultrasound signal;

an electrode;

a neural stimulator connected to the rechargeable power supply, the neural stimulator being adapted to generate a neural stimulation signal for delivery to the neural stimulation target through the electrode; and

a controller connected to the rechargeable power supply, and further connected to the neural stimulator to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol to deliver a neural stimulation therapy,

wherein the neural stimulation target includes a sympathetic or a parasympathetic nervous system target, and the controller is adapted to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol to elicit a sympathetic or parasympathetic response.

17. The device of claim 16, further comprising a sensor connected to the controller, and electrically connected to the power supply.

18. The device of claim 16, wherein the neural stimulator is adapted to deliver the neural stimulation signal through a lead to the electrode.

19. The device of claim 16, wherein the neural stimulator is adapted to wirelessly deliver the neural stimulation signal to the electrode.

20. The device of claim 16, wherein the controller is adapted to control the neural stimulator to deliver a hypertension therapy.

21. The device of claim 16, wherein the controller is adapted to control the neural stimulator to deliver a remodeling therapy.

22. An implantable medical device for therapeutically stimulating a neural stimulation target of a human, comprising:

a rechargeable power supply adapted to be recharged through an ultrasound signal;

an electrode;

a neural stimulator connected to the rechargeable power supply, the neural stimulator being adapted to generate a neural stimulation signal for delivery to the neural stimulation target through the electrode; and

a controller connected to the rechargeable power supply, and further connected to the neural stimulator to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol to deliver a neural stimulation therapy,

wherein the neural stimulation target includes sensory nerves that, when stimulated, block pain signals from reaching a brain of the human, and the controller is adapted to control the neural stimulator to deliver a therapy to alleviate pain.

23. An implantable medical device for therapeutically stimulating a neural stimulation target of a human, comprising:

a rechargeable power supply adapted to be recharged through an ultrasound signal;

an electrode;

a neural stimulator connected to the rechargeable power supply, the neural stimulator being adapted to generate a neural stimulation signal for delivery to the neural stimulation target through the electrode; and

a controller connected to the rechargeable power supply, and further connected to the neural stimulator to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol to deliver a neural stimulation therapy,

wherein the neural stimulation target includes a nerve for a particular muscle of a human that, when stimulated, stimulate or prevent a contraction of the particular muscle, and the controller is adapted to control the neural stimulator according to a neural stimulation protocol to control the contraction of the particular muscle.