Provision of frames or borders around opaque flakes for covert security applications

• US 7,645,510 B2
• Filed: 10/04/2005
• Issued: 01/12/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/13/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Viavi Solutions, Inc. (Lumentum Holdings Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Viavi Solutions, Inc. (Lumentum Holdings Inc.)
• Inventors: Argoitia, Alberto
• Primary Examiner(s): Le; H. (Holly) T
• Application Number:
  US11/243,122
• Publication Number:
  US 20060035080A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,561 Days
• Field of Search: 428/402, 428/400, 428/401, 428/328, 106/31.01, 106/31.65
• US Class Current: 428/402
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/324 Reliefs
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/36 comprising special materials
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/378 Special inks
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/425 by deformation, e.g. embossing
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/445 using chemical means, e.g. etching
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/20 extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/40 Electric properties
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/10 Metal compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C09C 1/0015 Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C09C 1/04 Compounds of zinc C09C1/0003, C09C1/0009, C09C1/0015, C09C1/0078 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C09C 2200/1054 the core consisting of a metal
• CPC Class Codes: C09C 2200/301 Thickness of the core
• CPC Class Codes: C09C 2210/30 A layer or the substrate forming a grating
• CPC Class Codes: C09C 2220/20 PVD, CVD methods or coating in a gas-phase using a fluidized bed
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 11/037 characterised by the pigment
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 5/36 Pearl essence, e.g. coatings containing platelet-like pigments for pearl lustre
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/61 inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/70 characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/252 Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2978 : Surface characteristic
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/298 : Physical dimension
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2982 : Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2993 : Silicic or refractory material containing [e.g., tungsten oxide, glass, cement, etc.]

Abstract

Opaque flakes, such as pigment or bright flake used in paints and inks, have a selected shape and/or other indicia to provide a covert security feature to an object. In some embodiments the composition includes base pigment, and the opaque covert flakes match the visual characteristics of the base pigment. In another embodiment, opaque covert flakes are mixed in the carrier with base pigment at a concentration sufficient to avoid changing the appearance of the composition. In another embodiment, opaque covert flakes are mixed in a clear or tinted varnish base that can be applied over an existing security feature. Shaped opaque covert flakes are not readily detectable by causal observation, but in some embodiments are easily seen at 50× magnification. In manufacturing the flakes a sheet of embossed frames are provided having symbols or indicia within; upon removing a coating from the sheet the coating material tends to break along frame lines and the resulting flakes are substantially uniform in size.

Claims

1. A plurality of flakes, comprising:

a first group of shaped opaque covert taggent flakes having a same predetermined shape, wherein each of the shaped opaque covert taggent flakes has an embossed or etched symbol thereon, a diameter in the range of 5-100 microns and a thickness less than 10 microns.

2. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1 wherein the shaped opaque covert flakes comprise multiple thin film layers of inorganic material.

3. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 2 wherein the shaped opaque covert flakes comprise bright flakes.

4. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 3 wherein the shaped opaque covert flakes have a grating pattern, the selected shape being visible at a first magnification and the grating pattern not being visible at the first magnification, wherein the grating pattern is visible at a second magnification, the second magnification being greater than the first magnification.

5. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1, wherein the plurality of flakes have one or more frames borders along an edge thereof.

6. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1 wherein the shaped opaque covert flakes include a grating pattern.

7. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1 wherein the shaped opaque covert flakes include an elemental indicator.

8. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 7 wherein an optically active layer in the opaque covert flake comprises the elemental indicator.

9. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 8 wherein the optically active layer is one of a reflective layer, a spacer layer, and an absorber layer.

10. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1, wherein the shaped opaque covert flakes include a single-layer inorganic dielectric covert taggent flakes.

12. A coating composition comprising:

a carrier; and

a plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1, wherein the flakes are single-layer inorganic dielectric covert taggent flakes dispersed in the carrier, and wherein the flakes of the first group are surrounded by at least a portion of a frame bordering a symbol.

13. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1, made by a method comprising the steps of:

a) providing a substrate for supporting a releasable coating;

b) coating the substrate with the releasable coating, wherein the releasable coating upon removal from the substrate breaks apart into the flakes of the first group;

c) embossing or etching the substrate with a plurality of frames, before or after releasable coating is applied to the substrate, wherein each frame has an embossed or etched symbol therein; and

,

d) removing the coating from the substrate;

wherein said flakes of the first group have substantially straight edges and wherein at least one edge is bordered by at least a part of a frame.

14. A coating composition comprising:

a carrier; and

a plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1, dispersed in the carrier, wherein the same predetermined shape is defined by a predefined frame or partial frame defining edges of the flake.

15. A plurality of flakes as defined in claim 1, wherein the same predetermined shape is an elongate shape defined by a frame or partial frame defining edges of the flake.

16. A plurality of taggent flakes as defined in claim 1, wherein the covert taggent flakes have a symbol or indicia thereon, and wherein a first plurality of the shaped opaque taggent flakes are inorganic flakes.

17. A plurality of taggent flakes as defined in claim 16, wherein the taggent flakes are disposed in a carrier forming a coating composition.

18. A plurality of flakes defined in claim 1, each comprising a layer of magnetic material.

19. A plurality of flakes defined in claim 1, comprising a second group of base pigment flakes.

11. A plurality of flakes made from a foil comprising a substrate and one or more thin film layers releasably deposited thereon, wherein the one or more thin film layers have a plurality of framed symbols formed therein forming grooves or ridges, wherein the frames about the symbols provide lines for the flakes to separate along upon removal of the one or more thin film layers from the substrate, and wherein at least a plurality of the flakes once separated from the substrate are substantially uniform in shape and have one or more borders about their periphery.