Hybrid switched mode/linear power amplifier power supply for use in polar transmitter

• US 7,653,366 B2
• Filed: 04/05/2006
• Issued: 01/26/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/16/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Inventors: Grigore, Vlad Gabriel
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Duc M
• Application Number:
  US11/399,118
• Publication Number:
  US 20060250825A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,392 Days
• Field of Search: 4551271-1277, 455/108, 455/110, 455/572, 455/574, 323/266, 323/268, 323/273, 323/303, 323/350, 323/351, 330/10, 330/296, 330/297
• US Class Current: 455/127.1
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 5/00 Amplitude modulation and angle modulation produced simultaneously or at will by the same modulating signal H03C7/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0227 using supply converters
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/504 the supply voltage or current being continuously controlled by a controlling signal, e.g. the controlling signal of a transistor implemented as variable resistor in a supply path for, an IC-block showed amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/217 Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/68 Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics power amplifiers using a combination of several semiconductor amplifiers H03F3/211; combinations of amplifiers using coupling networks with distributed constants H03F3/602
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/0483 Transmitters with multiple parallel paths

Abstract

In one aspect this invention provides a DC-DC converter that has a switch mode part for coupling between a DC source and a load, the switch mode part providing x amount of output power; and that further has a linear mode part coupled in parallel with the switch mode part between the DC source and the load, the linear mode part providing y amount of output power, where x is preferably greater than y, and the ratio of x to y may be optimized for particular application constraints. In a further aspect there is a radio frequency (RF) transmitter (TX) for coupling to an antenna, where the TX has a polar architecture having an amplitude modulation (AM) path coupled to a power supply of a power amplifier (PA) and a phase modulation (PM) path coupled to an input of the PA, where the power supply includes the switch mode part for coupling between a battery and the PA and the linear mode part coupled in parallel with the switch mode part between the battery and the PA.

Claims

1. A DC-DC converter, comprising:

a switch mode part between a DC source and a load, the switch mode part is configured to provide x amount of output power; and

a linear mode part in parallel with the switch mode part between the same or a different DC source and the load, the linear mode part configured to provide y amount of output power, where x is greater than y, and the ratio of x to y is optimized for particular application constraints,

where the linear mode part exhibits a faster response time to a required change in output voltage than the switch mode part, where the linear mode part compensates at least in part for load variations, wherein the switch mode part is configured to be switchable between a slave mode controlled by the linear mode part and a master mode.

2. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part comprises at least one power operational amplifier operating as a variable voltage source.

3. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part comprises at least one power operational transconductance amplifier operating as a variable current source.

4. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part provides only an AC component to the load.

5. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part provides a DC component and an AC component to the load.

6. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the output of the linear mode part compensates for AC ripple output from the switch mode part.

7. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part comprises a bi-directional voltage controlled voltage source.

8. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part comprises a bi-directional voltage controlled voltage source (VCVS), and comprises two VCVS circuits, where in operation one operates as a sink and one as a source.

9. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part comprises a bi-directional voltage controlled current source.

10. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part comprises a bi-directional voltage controlled current source (VCCS), and comprises two VCCS circuits, where one operates as a sink and one as a source.

11. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where, when the switch mode part is in the master mode, the switch mode part and the linear mode part are controlled in common by a control signal in a closed-loop manner.

12. A DC-DC converter as in claim 11, where the load comprises at least one radio frequency (RF) power amplifier, and where the control signal comprises a RF carrier modulation signal.

13. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where, when the switch mode part is in the slave mode, the switch mode part is controlled by an output from the linear mode part in a closed-loop manner, and where the linear mode part is controlled by a control signal in a closed-loop manner.

14. A DC-DC converter as in claim 13, where the load comprises at least one radio frequency (RF) power amplifier, and where the control signal comprises a RF carrier modulation signal.

15. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the switch mode part is operated open-loop, and where the linear mode part is controlled by a control signal in a closed-loop manner.

16. A DC-DC converter as in claim 15, where the load comprises at least one radio frequency (RF) power amplifier, and where the control signal comprises a RF carrier modulation signal.

17. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part is effectively slaved to operation of the switch mode part to source or sink current.

18. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the switch mode part is provided with minimal or no output filter capacitance to function substantially as a current source.

19. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the switch mode part is provided with an output filter capacitance and functions substantially as a voltage source.

20. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the switch mode part is coupled to the load and to the output of the linear mode part through an inductance.

21. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the load comprises at least one radio frequency power amplifier.

22. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part is coupled to the output of the switch mode part and to the load through a capacitance.

23. A DC-DC converter as in claim 1, where the linear mode part compensates at least in part for non-ideal dynamics of the switch mode part.

24. A DC-DC converter, comprising:

a switch mode part between a DC source and a load, the switch mode part is configured to provide x amount of output power; and

a linear mode part in parallel with the switch mode part between the same or a different DC source and the load, the linear mode part configured to provide v amount of output power, where x is greater than y, and the ratio of x to y is optimized for particular application constraints, where the linear mode part exhibits a faster response time to a required change in output voltage than the switch mode part, where the linear mode part compensates at least in part for load variations, where the switch mode part is coupled to the load and to the output of the linear mode part through an inductance, and where the linear mode part is coupled to the output of the switch mode part, via the inductance, and to the load through a capacitance.