Last leg utility grid high-speed data communication network having virtual local area network functionality

• US 7,664,117 B2
• Filed: 01/31/2007
• Issued: 02/16/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Current Grid, LLC, PowerWAN, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Current Grid, LLC
• Inventors: Davidow, Clifford A., Lou, Heng
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Jayanti K
• Assistant Examiner(s): PARK, JUNG H
• Application Number:
  US11/669,340
• Publication Number:
  US 20070201494A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,112 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/395.5
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5408 using protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5416 by adding signals to the wave form of the power source
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5425 improving S/N by matching impedance, noise reduction, gain control
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5437 Wired telephone
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5441 Wireless systems or telephone
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5445 Local network
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/545 Audio/video application, e.g. interphone
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5466 using three phases conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5479 using repeaters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5483 using coupling circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/542 the information being in digital form
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/467 Arrangements for supporting untagged frames, e.g. port-based VLANs

Abstract

A power line based communication system includes a power line termination module, a plurality of power line gateways, and a plurality of power line nodes. The power line termination module manages data for local area networks within the power line based communication system. The plurality of power line gateways is arranged in sets of power line gateways, wherein each set of power line gateways constitutes a local area network. Each of the plurality of power line nodes is operably coupled to the power line termination module via a high-speed communication path. In addition, each power line node is operably coupled to set of power line gateways, i.e., to a local area network, via power lines of a local transformer. Each of the power line nodes receives data for its respective LAN from the power line termination module and provides the data to the power line gateways of its LAN via the power lines of the local transformer. Virtual local area networks are enabled between the power line termination module and the power line gateways.

Claims

1. A method or providing communications over a plurality of low voltage power line subnets of a power distribution system to a plurality of groups of subscriber interface devices, wherein each subnet comprises one or more low voltage power lines connected to a distribution transformer and extending to one or more subscriber residences and wherein each group of subscriber interface devices receives communications service via a respective different low voltage subnet, the method comprising:

providing a power line communications device coupled to each of the plurality of low voltage subnets;

establishing non-power line communications between each of a multitude of the power line communication devices and a remote network;

establishing a plurality of Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN), wherein each of the plurality of VLANs comprises one of the power line communications devices and a multitude of subscriber interface devices that are connected to the same low voltage subnet;

with a first subscriber interface device, receiving first data from a first subscriber device;

storing in a memory of the first subscriber interface device a VLAN identifier;

formulating a first data packet with the first subscriber interface device that includes at least a portion of the first data and the first VLAN identifier;

transmitting the first data packet over the VLAN to a first power line communications device with the first subscriber interface device;

receiving the first data packet that includes the first VLAN identifier and the at least a portion of the first data;

modifying the first data packet to remove the first VLAN identifier to provide a second data packet; and

transmitting the second data packet to a remote destination via the remote network.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein at least some subscriber devices are associated with a VLAN identifier and wherein VLAN identifiers are reused for multiple VLANs.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising using VLAN overlays to provide multi-cast communications to a plurality of subscriber interface devices serviced by a power line communications device.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising using VLAN overlays to provide broadcast communications to a plurality of subscriber interface devices serviced by a power line communications device.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining a Quality of Service (QoS) level for one or more subscriber devices serviced by a VLAN; and

supporting the QoS level for the one or more subscriber devices of the VLAN.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

assigning at least one subscriber interface device a QoS level; and

limiting access of the at least one subscriber interface device to the low voltage subnet based upon the QoS level.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising limiting communications of a subscriber interface device based upon a QoS level of the subscriber interface device.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one subscriber interface device is assigned to a plurality of VLANs;

and

wherein each of the plurality of assigned VLANs corresponds to a different service to which a corresponding subscriber receives.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of VLANs are configured to provide different types of service.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a second data from a second subscriber interface device;

determining first information from the second data;

associating the first information with a VLAN identifier for the second subscriber interface device;

receiving a second data including payload data intended for the second subscriber interface device that includes the first information;

based upon the first information, determining a VLAN identifier of the second subscriber interface device corresponding to the first information;

formatting one or more data packets with the payload data for transmission to the second subscriber interface device to include the determined VLAN identifier; and

transmitting the one or more data packets with the payload data to the second subscriber interface device via a data path that includes a low voltage power line.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first information contained in the second data comprises an Internet Protocol (IP) address.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the first information contained in the second data comprises a Medium Access Control (MAC) address.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting software to at least some of the subscriber interface devices via their respective VLAN.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising validating the identity of a subscriber interface device using:

a private key stored in the subscriber interface device; and

a public key stored in a remote device.

15. The method of claim 1, further comprising automatically configuring at least some of the subscriber interface devices.

16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

establishing a configuration VLAN that is not accessible by subscribers;

receiving a service request from a subscriber interface device via the configuration VLAN; and

provisioning the subscriber interface device via the configuration VLAN.

17. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting service profile information to one or more subscriber interface devices.

18. The method of claim 1,

further comprising:

with a second subscriber interface device, receiving via a low voltage power line subnet a VLAN ID transmitted via the remote network from a remote device; and

storing the received VLAN identifier in memory.

43. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the subscriber interface devices are associated with multiple VLAN identifiers.

44. The method according to claim 1, further comprising storing in a memory of the first power line communications device a plurality of VLAN identifiers in association with a plurality of subscriber interface devices.

47. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a third data packet comprising a payload and the first VLAN identifier at the first subscriber interface device; and

providing the payload without the first VLAN identifier to the first subscriber device attached to a subscriber device port of the subscriber interface device.

48. The method according to claim 47, wherein the first subscriber interface device includes a plurality of subscriber device ports, the method further comprising with the first subscriber interface device storing in a memory a different VLAN identifier for use with each of the plurality of subscriber device ports.

49. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first subscriber interface device comprises a utility meter.

19. A method of providing communications over a plurality of low voltage power line subnets of a power distribution system to a plurality of groups of subscriber interface devices, wherein each subnet comprises one or more low voltage power lines connected to a distribution transformer and extending to one or more customer residences and wherein each group of subscriber interface devices receives communications service via a respective low voltage subnet, comprising:

storing in a memory a plurality of VLAN identifiers in association with a plurality of different subscriber interface devices communicatively coupled to a plurality of different VLANs;

receiving a data packet via a remote network having a payload intended for the first subscriber device;

determining a first VLAN identifier corresponding to the first subscriber device, at least in part, by accessing one or more VLAN identifiers stored in memory;

formatting one or more data packets with the payload and the first VLAN identifier for transmission to the first subscriber interface device; and

transmitting the one or more data packets with the payload and the first VLAN identifier to the first subscriber interface device via a data path that includes a low voltage power line.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the same VLAN identifier is used with multiple VLANs.

21. The method of claim 19, further comprising using VLAN overlays to provide multicast communications to a plurality of subscriber interface devices.

22. The method of claim 19, further comprising using VLAN overlays to provide broadcast communications to a plurality of subscriber interface devices.

23. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

determining a Quality of Service (QoS) level for one or more subscriber devices serviced by a VLAN; and

supporting the QoS level for the one or more user devices of the VLAN.

24. The method of claim 19, further comprising limiting communications of a subscriber interface device based upon a QoS level of the subscriber interface device.

25. The method of claim 19, wherein:

at least one subscriber interface device is assigned to a plurality of VLANs; and

each of the plurality of assigned VLANs corresponds to a different service to which a corresponding subscriber receives.

26. The method of claim 19, wherein at least some of the VLANs are configured to provide different types of service.

27. The method of claim 19, further comprising transmitting software to the subscriber interface devices via the low voltage power line.

50. The method according to claim 19, further comprising:

receiving the one or more data packets with the payload and the first VLAN identifier at the first subscriber interface device; and

providing the payload without the first VLAN identifier to a first subscriber device attached to a port of the subscriber interface device.

51. The method according to claim 50, wherein the first subscriber interface device includes a plurality of subscriber device ports, the method further comprising with the first subscriber interface device selecting one of the plurality of subscriber device ports corresponding to the first subscriber device based on the first VLAN identifier of the one or more data packets.

52. The method according to claim 19, wherein the first subscriber interface device comprises a utility meter.

28. A power line communication device for communicating over power lines by transmitting outgoing data toward a remote network received from for one or more communication devices communicatively coupled to a power line at one or more subscriber residences, comprising:

a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) data packet switch;

a memory storing a plurality of VLAN identifiers in association with a plurality of different communication devices that form part of one or more VLANs;

wherein said VLAN data packet switch is configured to receive outgoing VLAN data packets that include a VLAN identifier and to formulate new outgoing data packets by at least removing the VLAN identifier in the outgoing VLAN data packets;

a power line Local Area Network (LAN) interface communicatively coupled on a first side to the VLAN data packet switch and configured to be communicatively coupled on a second side to a power line to receive outgoing VLAN data packets therefrom;

an upstream interface communicatively coupled on a first side to the VLAN data packet switch and configured to communicate via a second side with an upstream device;

wherein said upstream interface is configured to transmit the new outgoing data packets to the upstream device; and

a processor communicatively coupled to the VLAN data packet switch, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to

establish a VLAN via the power line LAN interface with at least one communication device at a subscriber residence.

29. The device of claim 28, wherein the at least one communication device comprises a plurality of utility meters.

30. The device of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to communicate with a communication device using an administrative VLAN.

31. The device of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to provide multicast communications to one or more communication devices.

32. The device of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to provide broadcast communications to one or more communication devices.

33. The device of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to limit power line communications of a communication device based upon a QoS level of the communication device.

34. The device of claim 28, wherein the at least one communication device comprises a plurality of electric utility meters and the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to

establish communications via the VLAN with the plurality of electric utility meters;

to receive power usage data from the utility meters; and

to transmit received power usage data to the upstream device.

35. The device of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to transmit software to one or more communication devices.

36. The device of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the device to transmit service profile information to one or more communication devices.

45. The device according to claim 28, wherein said upstream interface is configured to communicate via a non-power line communication medium.

37. A power line gateway for use in a last leg utility grid high-speed data communication network, the power line gateway comprising:

a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) data packet switch;

a power line Local Area Network (LAN) interface communicatively coupled on a first side to the VLAN data packet switch and configured to be communicatively coupled on a second side to a power line to transmit data packets processed by the VLAN data packet switch;

a device interface communicatively coupled on a first side to the VLAN data packet switch and having a plurality of ports configured to be communicatively coupled to a plurality of user devices;

a processor communicatively coupled to the VLAN data packet switch;

wherein the processor executes a plurality of instructions that causes the power line gateway to establish communication via the power line;

a memory communicatively coupled to the VLAN data packet switch and configured to store a different VLAN identifier in association with each of the plurality of ports; and

wherein said VLAN data packet switch is configured to;

receive first data from a first subscriber device via a first port;

access the memory to determine a first VLAN identifier associated with the first port; and

formulate one or more data packets that include the first data and the first VLAN identifier.

38. The power line gateway of claim 37, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the power line gateway to establish a VLAN via the power line.

39. The power line gateway of claim 37, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the power line gateway to communicate with an upstream device via an administrative VLAN.

40. The power line gateway of claim 37, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the power line gateway to communicate via the power line in accordance with a QoS level associated with one of the plurality of ports.

41. The power line gateway of claim 37, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the power line gateway to receive software via the power line and to execute the received software.

42. The power line gateway of claim 37, wherein the processor is configured to execute a plurality of instructions that causes the power line gateway to receive service profile information via the power line.

46. The device according to claim 37, wherein said plurality of ports is configured to communicate via a non-power line communication medium.