CPR compression device and method including a fluid filled bladder

• US 7,666,153 B2
• Filed: 09/06/2005
• Issued: 02/23/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Zoll Circulation Incorporated (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Zoll Circulation Incorporated (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Inventors: Hall, Gregory W., Sherman, Darren R., Jensen, James O., Escudero, Paul, Katz, Bob
• Primary Examiner(s): DEMILLE, DANTON D
• Application Number:
  US11/221,092
• Publication Number:
  US 20060009717A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,631 Days
• Field of Search: 601 41- 44, 601/DIG.7, 601148-152
• US Class Current: 601/41
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2011/005 with belt or strap expanding and contracting around an encircled body part
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2031/003 with alternated thorax decompression due to lateral compression
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/0103 inflatable
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/0173 Means for preventing injuries
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/0176 By stopping operation
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/018 By limiting the applied torque or force
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/1238 with hydraulic or pneumatic drive
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/165 Wearable interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5007 computer controlled
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/501 connected to external computer devices or networks
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5012 using the internet
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5043 Displays
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5058 Sensors or detectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5061 Force sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5064 Position sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5071 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5089 Gas sensors, e.g. for oxygen or CO2
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5097 wireless
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2230/04 Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. E.G.C., blood pressure modulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2230/207 partial O2-value
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2230/30 : Blood pressure A61H2230/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 31/00 : Artificial respiration or heart stimulation, e.g. heart massage artificial respiration by treatment with gas or air, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration A61M16/00; applying electric currents by contact electrodes for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers A61N1/36 ; teaching or training models, demonstration models for medical purposes G09B23/288
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 31/005 : with feedback for the user
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 31/006 : Power driven
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 31/008 : Supine patient supports or bases, e.g. improving air-way access to the lungs
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 9/0078 : with intermittent or alternately inflated bladders or cuffs mattresses for preventing bed-sores with alternated pressurized chambers A61G7/05776
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/00 : Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes stimulating the respiratory movement by mechanical, pneumatic or electrical means, iron lungs combined with gas breathing means A61H31/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/10 : Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3546 : Range
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/046 : Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39 : Heart defibrillators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39044 : in combination with cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3968 : Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings A61N1/375 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 601/07 : Inflatable

Abstract

Improved automatic chest compression systems which use constricting belts, repeatedly inflating bladders, or reciprocating pistons to compress the chest. A bladder is placed between the chest and the particular mechanism used to compress the chest during CPR. The bladder maximizes the effectiveness of chest compressions.

Claims

1. A system for performing CPR on a patient, said system comprising:

a chest compression means comprising a belt adapted to be disposed at least partially about the chest of the patient and a means for repetitively tightening the belt at a resuscitative rate, said means operably connected to the belt;

a bladder disposed between the chest compression means and the chest of the patient, and at least two dividers disposed within the bladder, such that the bladder is divided to form a left lateral section in fluid communication with a central section and a right lateral section in fluid communication with said central section, and wherein each section contains a pressure-transmitting medium, and the bladder is disposed relative to the belt during use between the belt and the chest of the patient and the central section is disposed over the sternum of the patient.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the bladder is filled with an open-celled foam.

3. The system of claim 2 further comprising a defibrillator operably connected to the patient.

4. The system of claim 2 further comprising a means for measuring biological parameters operably connected to the patient.

5. The system of claim 2 wherein the bladder further comprises an aperture communicating from the interior of the bladder to the exterior of the bladder, and a valve controlling the aperture, wherein the valve is open when atmospheric pressure is about equal to the pressure inside the bladder and wherein the valve closes during a compression.

6. The system of claim 2 further comprising:

a defibrillator operably connected to the patient;

a means for measuring biological parameters operably connected to the patient;

an aperture in the bladder, and a valve controlling flow through the aperture, wherein the valve is open when atmospheric pressure is about equal to the pressure inside the bladder and wherein the valve closes during a compression.

7. The bladder of claim 1 wherein the bottom surface of the central section is made of an elastic material.

8. The bladder of claim 5 wherein the bottom surface of the central section is made of an elastic material.

9. The bladder of claim 6 wherein the bottom surface of the central section is made of an elastic material.

10. The bladder of claim 1 wherein the bottom surface of the central section is pleated.

11. The bladder of claim 10 wherein the bottom surface of the central section is comprised of an elastic material.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein the bladder further comprises a first fluid pathway connecting the left lateral section and the central section and a second fluid pathway connecting the right lateral section and the central section.

13. A device for compressing the chest of a patient comprising:

a base adapted for placement over the central region of a patient'"'"'s chest;

an actuator connected to a belt configured to wrap around the patient'"'"'s chest;

a force converter mounted on the base and coupled to the actuator and the belt, said force converter operable to convert forces applied downwardly on the actuator into tangential forces applied to the belt; and

a fluid-filled bladder disposed between the base and the patient'"'"'s chest, and at least two dividers disposed within the bladder, such that the bladder is divided to form a left lateral section in fluid communication with a central section and a right lateral section in fluid communication with said central section.

14. The device of claim 13 wherein the bladder comprises:

a right lateral section adapted to be disposed over the right side of the patient'"'"'s chest, a center section adapted to be disposed over the center of the patient'"'"'s chest, and a left lateral section adapted to be disposed over the left side of the patients chest, and the bladder having a first relaxed configuration which it assumes when the belt is loosened about the chest and a second pressurized configuration which it assumes when the belt is constricted about the chest of the patient;

wherein in said relaxed configuration the right lateral section, center section and left lateral section are each filled with fluid and in said pressurized configuration the right lateral section and left lateral section are substantially compressed and the fluid therein is forced into the center section.

15. The device of claim 13, wherein the bladder further comprises:

a resilient foam substantially filling the bladder.

16. The device of claim 14, wherein the bladder further comprises:

a resilient foam substantially filling the bladder.

17. The device of claim 13, wherein the bladder spans substantially the entire breadth of the patient'"'"'s chest.

18. The device of claim 13, wherein the bladder spans substantially the entire breadth and height of the patient'"'"'s chest.

19. The device of claim 13, wherein the bladder is about 16 inches wide and 8 inches high, relative to the patient.

20. The device of claim 14, wherein the bladder spans substantially the entire breadth of the patient'"'"'s chest.

21. The device of claim 14, wherein the bladder spans substantially the entire breadth and height of the patient'"'"'s chest.

22. The device of claim 14, wherein the bladder is about 16 inches wide and 8 inches high, relative to the patient.

23. A system for performing CPR on a patient, said system comprising:

a chest compression means comprising a belt adapted to be disposed at least partially about the chest of the patient and a means for repetitively tightening the belt at a resuscitative rate, said means operably connected to the belt;

a bladder disposed between the chest compression means and the chest of the patient, and at least two dividers disposed within the bladder, such that the bladder is divided to form a left lateral section in fluid communication with a central section and a right lateral section in fluid communication with said central section, and wherein each section contains a pressure-transmitting medium, and the bladder is disposed relative to the belt during use between the belt and the chest of the patient and the central section is disposed over the sternum of the patient;

wherein the pressure-transmitting medium comprises an open-celled foam;

wherein the bladder further comprises an aperture communicating from the interior of the bladder to the exterior of the bladder, and a valve controlling the aperture, wherein the valve is open when atmospheric pressure is about equal to the pressure inside the bladder and wherein the valve closes during a compression.

24. The system of claim 23 further comprising:

a defibrillator operably connected to the patient;

a means for measuring biological parameters operably connected to the patient.

25. The bladder of claim 23 wherein the bottom surface of the central section is made of an elastic material.

26. The bladder of claim 24 wherein the bottom surface of the central section is made of an elastic material.

27. The system of claim 23 wherein the bladder is filled with an open-celled foam.